2018_2019学年高中英语Module4MusicBorninAmericaSectionⅡLanguagePointsⅠ.docx

Section Language Points （Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary）.单词拼写1Armed only with a BBC microphone (话筒), I travelled across South Africa meeting writers.2There isnt much equipment. Were going to have to improvise (即兴表演)3Her health is on the decline (下降), and she may die soon.4We will be exploring different approaches (方法) to gathering information.5The entrance halls, the stairs, and the doors are all covered with graffiti (涂鸦).拓展词汇1sophisticated adj.复杂的，高级的sophisticate vt.弄复杂2rhythmic adj.有节奏的rhythm n节律；节奏；律动3movement n运动move v移动，搬动4technique n技巧；手法technical adj.技术的；工艺的；技巧上的5vocal adj.嗓音的；与嗓音有关的voice n嗓音，说话声；发言权6emerge v出现emergent adj.新兴的；新出现的emergency n紧急情况，突发事件巧记单词词根词形变化构词点拨sophisticatesophisticated动词加(e)d构成形容词movemovement动词加ment构成名词.补全短语1be bored with .对厌烦2take advantage of 利用3rather than 而不是4make up 虚构，编造5consist of 由组成6dance to . 随着跳舞7side by side 并排；并肩8in decline 在下降；在衰退9apart from 除之外10be known as 作为而闻名1教材原句The words of early blues songs often consisted of a single line repeated two or three times before changing.早期的蓝调歌曲(布鲁斯歌曲)通常包含一句重复两三遍的歌词，之后才有所改变。句型点拨过去分词短语作后置定语。佳句赏析在世界上大多数地区，流行乐都是被人们所喜爱的一种音乐风格。In most parts of the world, pop music is a music style loved by people.2教材原句The DJs at block parties in the 1970s played a lot of soul music and they noticed that people preferred the percussion breaks in the songs because they were the best parts to dance to.20世纪70年代街区舞会上音乐主持人播放很多灵乐，他们注意到大家更喜欢乐曲中的打击乐，因为打击乐最适合跳舞。句型点拨the形容词最高级或序数词名词不定式。佳句赏析在我家，妈妈总是第一个起床的人。In my family, my mother is always the first one to get up.3教材原句“The moment I heard it，” he said, “I knew it was a completely new kind of music.” “我一听，”他说，“就知道这是一种全新的音乐。”句型点拨the moment引导时间状语从句。佳句赏析当我听到自己被选入决赛的消息时，我情不自禁欢呼了起来。I could not help shouting for joy the moment I heard I was selected for the final.1The DJs at block parties in the 1970s played a lot of soul music and and they noticed that people preferred the percussion breaks in the songs because they were the best parts to dance to.(P44)20世纪70年代街区舞会上音乐主持人播放很多灵乐，他们注意到大家更喜欢乐曲中的打击乐，因为打击乐最适合跳舞。to dance to是一个不定式短语，作定语修饰parts。当名词前有形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，多用动词不定式作后置定语。另外，有些名词后常可跟不定式作定语，如chance, way, time, promise, ability, ambition, attempt, courage等。She was the cleverest person to finish the job.她是完成这项工作的最聪明的人。He is the third one to_get (get) to the top of the mountain.他是第三个到达山顶的人。Volunteering gives you a chance to_change (change) lives, including your own.志愿者活动给了你一个改变人生的机会，包括你自己的。2Later, they experimented with different vocal and rhythmic approaches, using rhyming words, often words from AfricanAmerican culture.(P44)后来，他们尝试用不同的发声和奏乐方法，使用押韵词汇，这些词汇往往是来自美籍非洲人的文化。approach n方法；步骤；途径；道路；临近 vt.接近，靠近The high school adjusted its teaching approaches and cancelled its departmental system.这所高中调整了教学方法，取消了文理分科。You must approach the bird very quietly or it will fly away.你必须悄悄地走近那只鸟，否则它会飞走的。the approach to (doing) sth. (做)的方法/途径make an approach to sb. 接洽/接近某人；给某人提建议with the approach of 随着的来临/临近All the approaches to_the airport were blocked by the traffic.所有通往机场的道路都被来往车辆堵住了。The leaves were turning brown with_the_approach_of_autumn.随着秋天的临近，树叶变成了褐色。名师点津approach作名词时，后面常跟介词to表示“的方法”，而way, method和means表示“方法”时后常跟介词of。3Secondly, people were bored with the pop music of the day disco music and rock music were both in decline in the mid1970s.(P45)其次，人们厌倦了当时的流行音乐20世纪70年代中期迪斯科和摇滚乐都在走下坡路。be bored with 对厌倦/厌烦She was bored with her work and wanted to do something completely different.她对她的工作感到厌烦，想做某件完全不同的事情。be tired of/be fed up with/be bored with对厌烦be bored to death 厌烦得要死Shes tired of/fed up with/bored with wearing the school uniform every day, which can be told by her behaviour.她讨厌每天穿校服，这从她的行为上可以判断出来。There was so much noise and she was_bored_to_death. 嘈杂声太大，她烦死了。decline n& v衰退；下降；减少 v谢绝，婉言谢绝According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to decline from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.据科学家说，我们的脑力在22岁达到顶峰后便从27岁开始下降。(1)fall/go into decline开始衰退in decline/on the decline 在下降；在衰退(减少)(2)decline to do sth.refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事decline by/to . 下降了/下降到The number of students going abroad for further study is in_decline/on_the_decline nowadays.当下去国外继续深造的学生的数量在不断减少。She declined to_have (have) lunch with her friend, saying that she wasnt feeling well.她说她身体不舒服，婉拒了与她的朋友共进午餐。The number of tourists to the resort declined_by 10% last year. 去年到这个胜地旅游的人数减少了10%。名师点津表示“增加”或“减少”的幅度常用介词by；表示“增加到”或“减少到”常用介词to。4Hip hop took advantage of that and provided a kind of disco music for people who hated disco！(P45)嬉蹦乐利用了这一点，为那些不喜欢迪斯科的人们提供了别样的迪斯科音乐！take advantage of利用Whether we choose to take advantage of this ability is another matter.至于我们是否会利用这种能力，则是另外一个问题了。have/gain/win an advantage over胜过；优于have the advantage of 有优势to ones advantage/to the advantage of sb. 对某人有利Men still have_an_advantage_over_women when hunting for certain jobs.应聘某些工作时，男性仍然比女性有优势。It would be to_your_advantage/to_the_advantage_of_you to attend this meeting.参加这次会议对你有利。联想发散“充分利用”可以用如下短语表达：make_the_most_of/make_the_best_of/make_good/full_use_of/take_full_advantage_of等。5In England, a new music form emerged, called trip hop, a mixture of jazz, hip hop and electronic music (for example, music played on computers)(P45)在英国，一种被称为迷幻舞曲的新音乐形式出现了，它融合了爵士乐、嬉蹦乐和电子音乐(例如电脑上播放的音乐)。emerge v出现The moon emerged from behind the clouds.月亮从云层后露出。(1)emerge from 从中出现；(从困境中)摆脱出来It emerged that . (事实)显露出来(2)emergency n. 紧急事件，紧急情况emergent adj. 紧急的；出现的It_has_emerged_that he stole the money.现在终于发现，是他偷了那笔钱。Call 110 in case of an emergency (emerge)万一有紧急情况，就按110。6Songs that are spoken rather than sung are called rap.(P46)一种用来说而不是唱的音乐叫做说唱乐。rather than而不是；与其倒不如I think he means “at” rather than “to”我认为他是想说at，而不是to。(1)other than 除了or rather 更确切地说(2)would rather do .than do .would do .rather than do .prefer to do .rather than do . 宁愿做而不愿做would rather (that) . 宁愿(从句中用一般过去时表示和现在、将来事实相反的虚拟，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的虚拟)I dont know any French people other_than you.除了你，我不认识别的法国人。I would rather do anything than clean house.让我做什么都可以，就是不要让我打扫房子。I would rather (that) you had_not_done (not do) that thing.我宁愿你没做那件事。名师点津(1)rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。(2)rather than后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to；但rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to的不定式。.单句语法填空1As I learned from the show, some sign languages are very sophisticated(sophisticate)means of communication.2I like listen to Beyonces music, because they are often rhythmic (rhythm) and sometimes I even dance to it.3The artist combined different techniques (technical) in the same painting.4Every year we can see a lot of environmental movements(move) around the world aiming at increasing peoples awareness of environment protection.5My sister loved singing when she was a little kid and she was sent for vocal (voice) training in a musical school at the age of 11.6The moment I saw him I knew that there was no hope.7It might be to your advantage to take a computer course of some kind.8The minister at first declined to_make (make) a statement, but later she agreed.9The listeners seemed to be bored with_his long and boring speech.10The two students stood side_by side to sing the song together.11They experimented (experiment) with the new method and succeeded.12His job consists (consist) of helping old people who live alone.13Approaching (approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.14Just a month before the earthquake the school practiced an emergency (emerge) drill showing the children how to calmly find their“safe place”15In the party, people danced_to the music until the music stopped.完成句子1我们应该利用这次商品交易会来宣传我们的产品。We should take_advantage_of the trade fair to advertise our products.2我们应该严格自愿地遵守交通规则，而不是抱怨交通拥挤。We should strictly and voluntarily observe traffic rules rather_than complaining about traffic jams. 3很多较小的鱼类也在减少。Many of the smaller fish are also in_decline/on_the_decline.4在这个国家农民只占人口的一小部分。Farmers only_make_up a small section of the population in this country.5所有的电子计算机虽然种类不同，但它们都是由五个部件组成的。All electronic computers consist_of five units although they are of different kinds.一句多译1由于压力太大，很多学生厌倦了学校生活。Many students are_bored_with the school life because of so much stress.Many students are_tired_of the school life because of so much stress.Many students are_fed_up_with the school life because of so much stress.2我宁愿待在家里也不愿和他一起去看电影。I_would_rather_stay at home_than_see a film with him.I prefer_to_stay at home_rather_than_see a film with him.I would_stay at home rather_than_see a film with him.课文缩写语法填空Hip hop is an American 1.cultural (culture) movement 2.which started in the 1970s at block parties in New York, especially in a district 3.called (call) the Bronx. There are four main aspects of hip hop: breakdance and graffiti art plus two types of hip hop music DJing and rapping. Rapping is also known 4.as MCing. Later, DJ Herc, one of the most popular Jamaican DJs at the time, 5.noticed (notice) that New York audiences didnt really like reggae music, so he started playing other kinds of music, 6.including (include) rock and disco music. They experimented with different vocal and rhythmic 7.approaches (approach), using rhyming words. 8.At the same time, people started breakdancing at block parties. Because it is cheap and easy and because people were bored 9.with the pop music of the day, hip hop became 10.successful (succeed)对应学生课下能力提升(十四).根据提示写出单词的正确形式1Mo Yan, a most widelyread writer, takes a complete new_approach (方法) to describing Chinas rural and folk culture.2The air quality in our city, as is shown in the chart, has_declined (下降) over the last three months.3Today I sat at my computer, speaking these words through a microphone (麦克风)4For some people, a rap (说唱乐) the music of the hiphop generation is just so much noise.5I think that the art of a storyteller is to take the story and improvise (即兴表演) on it.6In case of emergency (emerge), break the glass and press the button.7I wonder when it was that Mr. Black changed his mind to take part in the movement (move). 8The reasons for its popularity are its fast pace and rhythmic (rhythm) beat. 9The tongue is one of the vocal (voice) music.10Sometimes simple solutions require sophisticated (sophisticate) technologies.选词填空side by side， be bored with， rather than， consist of， apart from， dance to， make up， take advantage of1The children are_bored_with eating the same kind of food every day.2We had better take_advantage_of_the warmer weather by going for a walk this afternoon.3Even though they have been living_side_by_side for twenty years, the neighbours are not very friendly.4Enter their world and stand beside them, rather_than in opposition.5Life consists_of not only sunshine but also hard times.6Apart_from good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.7The woman heard familiar music shed like to dance_to.8When she was asked why she was late, she made_up an excuse to the teacher.完成句子1被老师鼓励的那个学生比以前学习更加努力了。The student encouraged_by_his_teacher worked harder than ever before.2事已清楚，这家公司准备出售。It_emerged_that the company was going to be sold.3我一到北京就感到耳目一新。I found myself in an entirely new world the_moment_I_arrived in Beijing.4煤矿被关闭以后这座城市开始衰落。The city_fell_into_decline after the mine closed.5随着期末考试的临近，所有学生都忙着复习功课。With the_finalterm_exam_approaching,_all the students are busy reviewing their lessons.阅读理解AThe audience start to scream and young people all over Britain turn on their TVs. Yes, its Top of the Pops!Top of the Pops is an amazing 34yearold TV programme. Pop stars from all over the world appear on this successful TV programme. After 1,800 shows, its still the most popular pop music show in Britain. So whats the secret?“We get lots of bands to perform live in the studio，” says producer Chris Cowey.“That just doesnt happen on other shows.”Chris starts planning the programme over a week before it goes out. His first job is to decide which bands to have on the show. When the chart of the top twenty songs is produced on Sunday, Chris can start to book the bands.Monday starts with Chris meeting his sound, lighting and camera workers. They listen to each song and plan the show. Tuesday is paperwork day. There are booking to make sure of letters to answer and lots of phone calls to make. The show is on Thursday. Bands arrive at the studio from 10 oclock in the morning and start practicing. Tonights presenter, Jo Whiley, practices too.First the bands go to makeup. Judy and Issy are the makeup artists.“We see the stars with no makeup on, looking terrible，” says Issy. Then the bands go to the costume department where Marianne dresses the stars.Back in the studio things are happening. The audience are practicing their dance moves! It takes over two hours to record the whole programme, then Chris edits it all night long. The final version is exactly 29 minutes long.1What makes Top of the Pops still the most popular in Britain?AThe live performances in the studio.BThe jobs carefully done by the workers of the TV station.CThe great fame of the bands.DThe large numbers of pop fans in Britain.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段可知，这个节目成功的关键是“perform live in the studio”，故选A。2When the bands receive the invitations to the performance, _.Athey must decide on the songsBthey dont have to decide what songs they will performCthe songs that will be performed havent been decided onDthey have no idea what songs they will perform解析：选B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When the chart of the top twenty songs is produced on Sunday, Chris can start to book the bands.”可知，歌曲定下后再邀请乐队，故选B。3The underlined word “costume” in Paragraph 6 probably means “_”Amakeup BstageCstudio Dclothes解析：选D词义猜测题。根据该词后面的定语从句“where Marianne dresses the stars”可知选D。4Which is the proper title for the passage?AMore Popular, More SuccessfulBA Stage for Pop StarsCGo Backstage of Top of the PopsDA Popular Live Band解析：选C标题归纳题。本文主要介绍的是受英国人欢迎的电视节目Top of the Pops的制作过程，C项能够概括全文。BListening to music can help me focus better. Since I discovered it two years ago, Ive used music to get through boring work or to focus creatively. Ive found that it can make even the dullest jobs enjoyable and help clear mental blocks to creativity.I first noticed the good effects of music while playing video games. It was a few days before Christmas in 2008 and I was playing online video games. My parents had just given me a new MP3, so I decided to listen to music through the headphones while I played. After a few minutes I noticed a great change in my style of play. I was playing more naturally. The music relaxed me, and, to a certain extent, distracted me from the game, allowing my subconscious (潜意识的) talent to come through. The music also helped me block out the outside world. With those headphones on I was like a machine, moving from one task to the next without unnecessary thoughts or actions.Music can also have a great effect on mood. If Im in a bad mood at work, Ill listen to some of Bob Marleys and get down to business. It always takes my mind off what Im doing and makes me a happier person. The same is true for classic rock. One summer, I did a boring job collecting bottle openers by hand. Without a radio playing classic rock in the background, I would have hated life.Listening to music with relaxing rhythms and a positive message helps you forget your work and think happy thoughts. But the results you see will depend heavily on your personal tastes. Experiment with the types of music you listen to during certain tasks. By trial and error youll finally discover your best choice, Im always looking for new concentration aids, so Id love to know what type of music works best for me.5We can infer that the passage was written in _.A2005 B2006C2010 D2008解析：选C推理判断题。根据第一段的“Since I discovered it two years ago .”可知，作者两年前发现了听音乐的好处；根据第二段的“It was a few days before Christmas in 2008 .”可知，作者指的两年前是2008年，因此写这篇文章的时间是2010年。6The author first discovered the effects of music _.Afrom his parents Bby chanceCat work Dwhen he was a child解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段的“.I was playing online video games .After a few minutes I noticed a great change in my style of play.”可知，作者在玩游戏时偶然发现了听音乐的巨大作用。7The author mentions the experience of collecting bottle openers in Paragraph 3 to _.Atell us that life is dullBprove that music affects moodCtell us how to seek happinessDtell us bad mood can affect work解析：选B推理判断题。第三段的主题句为第一句，下面举的例子是为了证明这个观点的，故答案为B项。8In order to get the greatest effect of music, you are advised to _.Alisten to some of Bob Marleys Bonly choose relaxing musicCtest all kinds of musicDlisten to classic rock解析：选C细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Experiment with the types of music you listen to during certain tasks. By trial and error youll finally discover your best choice.”可知，答案为C项。.阅读七选五Lifechanging habitsTurn off your phone before bed.Forcing yourself to bed earlier is a tall order, but you can at least aim for the most restful sleep when you finally do turn