中考英语命题研究第二部分语法专题突破篇专题十动词的时态第一节时态的基本构成习题.docx

专题十 动词的时态,河北中考五年命题规律及趋势 考纲要求1.现在进行时 2.一般现在时 3.一般过去时 4.一般将来时 5.过去进行时 6.现在完成时时态年份题号选项设置提示词分值一般现在时201633wears/wore/has worn/was wearingwhen he reads1分201536wins/won/will win/has wonevery time1分201335arrives/arrived/is arriving/will arriveas soon as引导的时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则1分一般过去时201632leave/left/will leave/was leaving无1分201440comes/came/is coming/was coming无1分201337left/leaves/is leaving/was leaving无1分201241do；get/did；get/will；get/have；got无1分一般将来时201635see/saw/has seen/will_see无1分201531go to/went to/have gone to/am_going_to无1分201439talk/talked/will_talk/have talkedthis afternoon1分201333go/went/will_go/was going无1分现在进行时201534will become/became/is_becoming/was becomingthese years 1分201437knocks/knocked/is_knocking/was knocking无1分201336will drive/are_driving/were driving/have driven无1分过去进行时201537sits/sat/is sitting/was_sitting无1分201444interviews/interviewed/has interviewed/was_interviewing无1分201345have enjoyed/will enjoy/are enjoying/were_enjoyingall night1分201243will shop/am shopping/was_shopping/have shoppedthis morning1分现在完成时201636will get/has_got/is getting/was getting无1分201532finds/found/has_found/will find无1分201442pass/have_passed/will pass/are passing无1分201343dont watch/wont watch/havent_watched/wasnt watching无1分201240received/will receive/was receiving/has_received无1分 动词的时态是河北中考单项选择题中的高频考点。语句设置多为两个单句，词数在1015，其语境设置灵活，大多没有明显的时间状语提示，需要分析另一语句的语境和时态来判断动作的先后顺序，淡化了古板的依赖时间状语提示来判定时态的考查方式。现在完成时为每年必考的时态，过去进行时、一般过去时、一般将来时为常考点。一般现在时和现在进行时为轮考点。对一般现在时的考查也会和“主将从现”相结合，如2013年的35题对as soon as引导的时间状语遵循“主将从现”原则的考查。此外，词语运用和连词成句也涉及对时态的考查，考查点主要为一般现在时和一般过去时。预测2017年河北中考的单项选择仍会出现至少3道时态题，其中现在完成时是必考点，一般过去时和一般将来时考查的可能性很大。第一节 时态的基本构成,河北中考重难点突破【满分点拨】1动词的五种基本形式变化表英语动词有五种基本形式，即：动词原形、第三人称单数(现在式)、过去时、过去分词和现在分词。形式构成例词动词原形没有经过任何变形，就是词典中一般给出的形式be，do，have，come第三人称单数一般在动词原形后直接加sworkworksreadreads以s，o，x，z，sh，ch结尾的动词，后加esgogoeswashwashes以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加esflyfliesstudystudies过去式与过去分词一般在动词原形后直接加edworkworkedstaystayed在以e结尾的动词后只加dcloseclosedlikeliked以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加edstudystudiedcarrycarried以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母再加edstopstoppedplanplanned 续表形式构成例词现在分词一般在动词原形后直接加ingsleepsleepingwaitwaiting以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e再加ingsmilesmilingmovemoving以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母再加ingsitsittingdigdiggingplanplanning少数以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加ingdiedyinglielying常见的短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换：短暂性动词延续性动词have closed/openedhave been closed/openhave diedhave been deadhave lefthave been awayhave begun/startedhave been onhave finished/endedhave been overhave becomehave beenhave borrowedhave kepthave boughthave hadhave joinedhave been a member of/have been inhave left sp.have been away from sp.have fallen asleephave been asleephave put onhave wornhave caught/got a coldhave had a coldhave got to knowhave known2.常见6种时态的构成及用法河北中考对于一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、一般将来时、过去进行时、现在完成时都有考查，须掌握这些时态的基本构成和功能。 种类意义构成特点时间标志词例句备注一般现在时1.现阶段经常性或习惯性动作；2目前的状态；3客观真理be用am/is/are；主语是第三人称单数时，作谓语的行为动词词尾加s/es；其他人称和数用动词原形。often，sometimes，usually，always，twice a month，on Sundays，every week/month/year(every系列)He usually leaves for school at 7 in the morning.他经常早上7点去学校。The moon moves around the earth.月亮绕着地球转。一般过去时1.过去发生的动作；2过去存在的状态be用was/were；其他动词用过去式just now， ago，in 1980，last night/week/month(last系列)，this morning，yesterday，the other day，used toWe went to the History Museum last Monday.上周一我们去了历史博物馆。I was busy yesterday.我昨天很忙。一般将来时1.将来发生的动作；2将来存在的状态1.助动词will(shall)动词原形2am/is/are going to动词原形tomorrow，from now on，soon，in the future，next year/week/month/term(next系列)I will meet you at the school gate tomorrow.明天早上我将在校门口见你。Ill be 15 next week.下周我就15岁了。在时间和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。现在进行时说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作am/is/are动词的现在分词now，at present，at the moment，look，listenThe telephone is ringing.Could you answer it，please？电话响了，你可以接听一下吗？表示位置移动或状态变化的动词，如：come，go，leave等词的现在进行时形式可表示将要发生的动作。过去进行时过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作was/were动词的现在分词at 1：00 last night，at that moment，表示过去时间的状语从句I was reading when he came in.当他进来的时候，我正在读书。He was always complaining about something.他总是抱怨一些事情。在复合句中，如果两个动作同时发生，那么延续性动词用过去进行时，短暂性动词用一般过去时，通常在when或while引导的时间状语从句中出现。现在完成时1.到现在为止已经完成的动作；对现在还有影响；2从过去开始延续到现在的动作或状态have/has动词的过去分词yet，just，before，recently，once，already，lately，ever，never，since 1996，for ten yearsHe has only been to the Great Wall once.他去过长城一次。I have been in the Youth Volunteers for five years.我来到青年志愿者有五年了。1.since后面的从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时；2.短暂性动词不与一段时间连用。如果要与一段时间连用必须换成延续性动词。(见上表) 【考点抢测】一、单项选择( B )1.(2016保定调研)Dont worry.You _ enough time to finish this task.Ahad Bwill haveCgave Dwill give( A )2.(2016保定调研)Nobody _ TV.Lets turn it off.Awatches BwatchedCis watching Dwas watching( C )3.(2016石家庄43中模拟)I dont know when he _But when he _，please tell me so that I will wait for him at the bus stop.Awill come；will comeBcomes；comesCwill come；comesDcomes；will come( C )4.(2016路南区质检一)We are glad to hear that the Greens _ to a new flat next week.Amove BmovedCwill move Dhave moved( D )5.(2016路南区质检一)Amy，I called you yesterday evening，but nobody answered the phone.Oh，I _ a walk with my mother at that time.Atake BtookCam taking Dwas taking( C )6.(2016路南区质检一)Now my father _ his bike to work every day instead of driving.Aride BrodeCrides Dwill ride( B )7.(2016石家庄质检二)Mom，I _ up.Could I make decisions for myself?Of course you can，Dear.But you still need my help.Agrow Bhave grownCam growing up Dgrew( D )8.(2016石家庄质检二)Tina usually _ up late at night.It is a bad habit.Ais staying Bwill stayCstayed Dstays( A )9.(2016石家庄质检二)Guys，we _ class.Please dont make any noise.Aare having Bwere havingChad Dhave had( B )10.(2016邯郸升学一模)You can catch up with others as long as you _ hard.Awill work BworkChave worked Dworked二、连词成句11(2016河北三模)Mrs.Lee，ago，teach，English，us，five years_Mrs._Lee_taught_us_English_five_years_ag