2018_2019学年高中英语Module1BritishandAmericanEnglishSectionⅣLanguagePointsⅡ.docx

Section Language Points （Gultural Corner & Other Parts）Choose the best answer according to the text.1What is the text mainly about? AWebster and his best sellers.BBritish and American English.CThe history of American English.DThe man who made spelling simple.2Which is the RIGHT order according to the text? Webster graduated from Yale University.American Dictionary of the English language came out.Websters book was selling one million copies a year.Webster took part in the American War of Independence.AB C D3What can we learn from the text?AAll the spelling of words does not represent the sound.BThe Elementary Spelling Book was published in the 1850s.CWebsters suggestions were accepted completely.DWebsters dictionary is the best all over the world.4What attitude do the British have towards Websters dictionary?AThey thought highly of it.BThey didnt like it.CThey argued bitterly about it.DThey followed the examples of it.答案：14DCAB.单词拼写1The prisoner attempted (尝试) an escape, but failed.2The sword was presented (赠送) by the family to the museum.3The government has been criticised (批评) by the public for not dealing with the incident in time.4After I gave my standard (标准的) answer, he kept on asking.5Its going to rain today by the look (样子) of it.6During the festival and celebration, you can appreciate the music and dance with distinctive (与众不同的) features.根据汉语意思及词性写出下列单词1rapidly adv.迅速地rapid adj.迅速的2announcement n宣布announce vt.宣布3edition n(广播、电视节目的)期；版edit vt.编辑editor n编辑4add vt.加；增加addition n增加；增加物5simplify vt.简化simple adj.简单的6combination n组合；结合combine vt.使结合；使联合7reference n参考；查阅refer vt.参考巧记单词词根词形变化构词点拨 announceannouncement动词加ment构成名词 editedition动词加(t)ion构成名词 .根据汉语意思补全短语1in favour of同意；支持2refer to . as . 称为3thanks to 幸亏，多亏4get on well with sb./sth. 与某人相处得好/某事进展得顺利5get used to sth. 习惯于某事6a couple of 两三个；几个7wear off 消失8graduate from 毕业于1教材原句Im getting on just fine, now that I understand the local accent.由于我懂得了当地语言，所以一切进展顺利。句型点拨now that“既然”，引导原因状语从句。佳句赏析既然你已经完成作业了，你可以去打篮球了。Now that you have finished your homework, you can go to play basketball.2. 教材原句In English the spelling of words does not always represent the sound.在英语中，单词的拼写并不总是体现其发音。句型点拨not与always连用表示部分否定。佳句赏析他的言行并非总是一致。His deeds do not always agree with his words.3. 教材原句By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year, making it one of the most popular school books ever.到19世纪50年代，每年售出一百万册，这使它成为最受欢迎的校园图书之一。句型点拨现在分词短语作结果状语。佳句赏析新建的小木屋沿街排成一行，将这个古老的小镇变成了一个梦幻之地。Newlybuilt wooden cottages line the street, turning the old town into a dreamland.The Man Who Made Spelling SimpleIn English the spelling of words does not always represent the sound. So people say /rait/ but spell it right or write, or even rite. Combinations of letters (like ough) may be pronounced in a number of ways. And some words just seem to have too many letters. For Americans things are a little bit easier, thanks to the work of Noah Webster, a teacher who graduated from Yale University in 1778. As a young man he had fought against the British in the American War of Independence, and he felt that written English in the newly independent United States should have a distinctive “American” look. So he began his work on American English. His first book, The Elementary Spelling Book, suggested simplifying the spelling of English words. The book was extremely popular. By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year, making it one of the most popular school books ever. Many of the suggestions were quickly adopted. Center instead of centre, program instead of programme, and flavor instead of flavour. Others, however, such as removing silent letters like the s in island or the final e in examine, were not.Webster is best known for his American Dictionary of the English language, which first appeared in 1828. It introduced lots of new American words, with information about their pronunciation and use, and, of course, the new spelling. The British criticised the dictionary, but it quickly became a standard reference book in the States. Today, Websters dictionary is still the number one dictionary for American students.让拼写变得简单的人在英语中，单词的拼写并不总是体现其发音，所以人们读/rait/，但把它拼成right，或者write，甚至是rite。字母组合(如ough)可能有多种发音方式。一些单词仅仅是看上去由许多字母组成。对美国人来说，事情就稍微容易些，这多亏了一位叫诺亚韦伯斯特的人的工作。他是一位教师，于1778年毕业于耶鲁大学。他年轻时曾在美国独立战争中与英国人作战。他觉得在新独立的美国，书面英语应该有独特的“美国”面貌。因此他开始研究美式英语。他的第一本书基础拼写手册建议简化英语单词的拼写。这本书非常受欢迎。到19世纪50年代，每年出售一百万册，这使它成为最受欢迎的校园用书之一。书中的很多建议很快被采纳了：center替代了centre，program替代了programme，flavor替代了flavour。而另外的一些建议，如去掉像island中不发音的字母s和像examine中词末不发音的字母e，则没有被采纳。韦伯斯特的美式英语词典为他赚足了名声，该词典于1828年首次出版。它引进了许多新的美式英语单词，书中有它们的发音和用法，当然，还有新的拼法。英国人批评这本词典，但它很快成了美国的标准参考书。今天韦伯斯特的词典仍是美国学生的首选词典。1If Callum picked up the local accent he started to use it.(P7)如果凯勒姆学会当地口音，他会开始使用它。pick up拿起；开车接(某人)；增强；改善；好转；(偶然)学会；加速；接收；收听(广播)；买到某物(尤指廉价或运气好)一词多义写出下列句中pick up的含义Its surprising that your brother picked up Russian so quickly he hasnt lived there very long. 偶然学会My radio can pick up the BBC programmes clearly.收听Many people stood near the bus stop, nervously waiting to be picked up. 开车接某人We managed to pick up a few bargains at the auction. 买到某物(尤指廉价)She was ill for a long time but is picking up now. 好转pick out挑选出；了解；领会pick on 挑选；选中；批评 That pile on the left are the ones that have been picked out for the library.左边的那一堆是挑出来给图书馆的。The examiners can pick on any student to answer questions.主考者可挑选任何学生来回答问题。2Now add some more ideas in favour of your chosen variety.(P8)现在再补充一些观点来支持你所选择的种类。add vt.加；增加；补充“You can tell that he is extremely embarrassed，” Mr Brigden added.“你能看出他尴尬极了，”布里格登先生补充道。add . to .把加到里add to 增添add up 合计add up to 加起来总共是，总计为 His answer to my questions have only added_to my confusion.他对我的问题的回答只是使我更加困惑不解。His whole education added_up_to no more than one year.他所有的学校教育加起来总共不到一年。in favour of赞同；支持My sister was against my plan while my brother was in favour of it.我姐姐反对我的计划而我哥哥赞成我的计划。in ones favour对某人有利do sb.a favourdo a favour for sb. 帮某人一个忙ask sb.a favourask a favour of sb. 请求某人帮忙 Bob made good grades in high school, and that was in_his_favour when he looked for a job.鲍勃在中学时成绩优秀，这在找工作时对他有利。Could you do_me_a_favour/do_a_favour_for_me and pick up my son from school today?今天你能帮我个忙到学校接我的儿子吗？联想发散“inn.of”短语大家族in praise of 赞扬in honor of 为了纪念；为向表示敬意in defence of 为了保卫；拥护in support of 为了支持in search of 为了寻找in face of 面对，面临in memory of 为了纪念in charge of 负责/掌管in need of 需要in possession of 拥有in case of 假使，万一3Present your ideas to the rest of the class.(P8)向班里其余同学陈述你的想法。present vt.陈述，提出(观点、计划等)；赠送n.礼物；现在，目前 adj.现在的，目前的(前置定语)；出席的，到场的(后置定语)一词多义写出下列句中present的词性及含义Mrs. Gibert presented Darios mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.vt.赠送The present situation is taking a turn for the better.adj.现在的，目前的The audience present shouted with joy on seeing the famous star.adj.出席的，在场的These notes will remind you how to present your ideas.vt.陈述，提出I wish to give you a present to express my gratitude.n.礼物present sth. to sb.present sb. with sth.向某人展示某物at presentat the present time 目前for the present time 暂时；就目前来说 On Teachers Day they presented their teacher with flowers.在教师节他们献花给老师。He seemed to be quite content with his life at present.他似乎对目前的生活心满意足。4The Chinese refer to their language as Han, as it became popular among the people during the Han Dynasty.(P8)中国人把自己的语言称为汉语，是因为该语言早在汉朝就在人们中流行了。refer to .as .称为The girl always refers to the reference books as her good friends and helpers.这个女孩总是把她的参考书称作她的好朋友和帮手。refer to 参考；涉及；指的是；适用于reference n. 提及，谈到；参考；查阅in/with reference to 关于 The student referred_to just now often referred_to_this_dictionary to teach himself.刚才提到的那个学生经常查阅词典自学。With/In_reference_to_your_advertised_position,_I have the pleasure to say that I am the just person you are asking for.关于广告上登的职位，我很高兴地说，我就是你们要找的那个人。联想发散表示“把看作/称为”的短语还有regard_.as_.;_consider_.as/to_be_.;_view_.as_.;_think_of_.as_.;_recognize_.as_.等。5Can you see any similarities between Websters work and attempts to simplify Chinese? (P9)你能看到韦伯斯特的工作和试图简化汉语有任何相似性吗？attempt n企图，尝试vt.试图，企图；尝试For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to children.多年来研究人员试图证明电视对儿童有害。(1)attempt at (doing) sth.试图(做)某事attempt to do sth. 尝试做某事，试图做某事(2)make an attempt to do/at doing 试图做某事at ones first attempt 在某人第一次尝试时He was as proud as a peacock when he passed his driving test at_his_first_attempt.当在第一次尝试中通过驾驶测试时，他得意洋洋。We_made_an_attempt_to_leave_for camping, but were stopped by our teacher.我们想去野营但被我们的老师拦住了。6In English the spelling of words does not always represent the sound.(P9)在英语中，单词的拼写并不总是体现其发音。not always表示部分否定英语中一些表示“全体，完全”意义的词(如all, every, everybody, everything, both, always等)与否定副词never/not连用表示部分否定。Great men are not always wise.伟大的人物未必总是英明的。易混辨析部分否定全部否定 两者both .not/not both“并非两者都”neither“两者都不”两者以上all not/not all“并非所有都”every not/not every“并非每一个都”the whole .not/not the whole“并非全部都”none/not .any“没有一个”nobody/no one“没有人”nothing“没有任何事物”Not_all historical buildings are attractive.并非所有的历史建筑都是有吸引力的。He made several attempts but none_of_them_was successful.他进行了几次尝试，但却没成功。7By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year, making it one of the most popular school books ever. (P9)到19世纪50年代，每年出售一百万册，这使它成为最受欢迎的校园用书之一。现在分词短语作结果状语句中making it one of the most popular school books ever为现在分词短语作结果状语，是由上文的原因推出的一个必然结果。此时相当于一个由which引导的非限制性定语从句：which made it one of the most popular school books ever。A number of new machines were introduced from abroad, resulting in an increase in production.大量新机器从国外引进，导致了产量的增加。名师点津不定式也可作结果状语，通常也用一般式，其逻辑主语一般为句子的主语，但不定式作状语时多表示出乎意料的结果，为了表示强调，可在不定式前加上only。I rushed to the station, only_to_find_ the train had already gone.我匆忙赶到火车站，却发现火车已经开走了。.单句语法填空1Its necessary to use a shortwave radio to pick up the programmes.2It hasnt rained for a month, making (make) the crops hard to grow.3Now we are living in the rapidly (rapid) changing world of technology.4Fireworks added to the attraction of the festival night.5The listeners thought highly of music, which was a combination (combine) of Chinese folk music and popular music.6I hurried to the station to see my friend off, only_to_be_told (tell) she had left.7The announcement (announce) was made at a news conference.8John was presented_with_his award at a ceremony which recognized the bravery of ten people who had saved the life of another.9The library contains a large number of foreign language reference (refer) books.10As Helen got to know people better, her shyness gradually wore off_and she began to talk with others.11The foreign student could not get used to eating (eat)the strange food.12The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local government to incr