高中英语语法状语从句.ppt

Revision of the Adverbial Clauses 状语从句复习,高三英语第一轮复习,九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词,时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 条件状语从句 让步状语从句 结果状语从句 目的状语从句 方式状语从句 比较状语从句,九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词,时间状语从句,when, while, as, before, after, as soon as, till, until, notuntil, the first/second/last time, the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen, no soonerthan,where, wherever,because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that,if, unless, now (that), as(so) long as, in case, on condition that, suppose/supposing, provided/providing,although, though, even though/if, as, while, no matter which/what/when/where/who/how, whichever, wherever, whatever, whoever, whenever, however, whetheror；,地点状语从句,原因状语从句,条件状语从句,让步状语从句,九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词,结果状语从句,so that, sothat, suchthat,so that, in case, for fear that, lest,how, as, as if/as though,than, asas, not so/asas, the +比较级, the +比较级,目的状语从句,方式状语从句,比较状语从句,九种常用的状语从句,时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 条件状语从句 让步状语从句 结果状语从句 目的状语从句 方式状语从句 比较状语从句,状语从句有九种， 时地原因条状补， 目比结果方让步， 连词引导各不同； 主句通常前面走， 连词引导紧随后， 从句若在主前头， 主从之间有个逗。,While I was wondering at this, our schoolmaster took his place. ( ) 2. Where there is a will, there is a way. ( ) 3. Now that/Since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. （ ） 4. Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me. ( ) 5. So clever was he a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. ( ) 6. As long as you dont lose heart, youll succeed. ( ) 7. Try as he might, he could not find a job. ( ) 8. The old lady treats the boy as if he were his own son. ( ),时间,地点,原因,目的,结果,条件,让步,方式,状语从句的分类,考点与难点归纳,考点与难点归纳,1、各种从属连词的含义及用法 比较； 2、no matter wh- 与 wh-ever 引 导的从句的区别； 3、状语从句的时态问题； 4、状语从句倒装及紧缩问题； 5、状语从句与其它从句的区别。,考点,难点,1. 时间状语从句 问题1: 1. (04北京春) We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. A. when B. while C. until D. before 2. (02上海) He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder. A. as B. until C. while D. when 3. (05上海) He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it. A. where B. when C. that D. until 4. (05福建) Did Jack come back early last night? Yes. It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home. A. Before B. when C. that D. until 5. (06辽宁) He was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. while,A,D,B,B,C,连接词when的用法小结 1. when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是可延续 的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词，可用于主句和从句 动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。如： When the film ended, the people went back. When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays. 2. 可用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于 and at this/that time。常用于下列句式： Somebody was doing something/was about to do sth./was on the point of doing sth. when (刚要这时突然) 3. 还可以表示原因“既然”，相当于since; considering that。如： It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes .,问题2: 6. (06天津) The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. A. since B. when C. as D. while 7. (04年江苏) _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless,连接词while的用法小结,1. while引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。如： Please dont talk so loud while others are working. 2. while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。 3. while可表示尽管，相当于although。,D,A,连接词when, while, as的用法区别： 1while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是可延续的， 而when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词是可延续的，也 可以是表短暂性动作的动词。如：When/While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring. When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. (不可用 while) 2从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，只能用when引导这个 从句，不可用as或while。如： When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 3表示“随着”，连词用as，不用when或while。如： As the election approached, the violence got worse. 4如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动作的进行 时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when, while 与as 可互换使用。如： When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.,问题3: 1. (01北京春)Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes. I gave it to her _ I saw her. A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once 2. (1998上海) I thought her nice and honest _ I met her. A. first time B. for the first time C. the first time D. by the first time 3. _ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report. A. He hardly had B. Had he hardly C. Hardly had he D. Hardly he had,B,C,C,小结： 1一些词，如the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen, no soonerthan等也可引导一个时 间状语从句，相当于as soon as的意思。 I didnt wait a moment, but came immediately you called. 2一些含有time的名词短语，如every time, each time, next time, by the time等，以及the day, the year, the morning等，也可引导一个时间状语从句。 The day he returned home, his father was already dead. Next time you come, please bring your composition. 3. 如果hardly或no sooner或scarcely置于句首，句子必 须用部分倒装结构。 Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.,问题4: 1. (03北京春) Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade. A. after B. unless C. until D. when 2. (03上海) A good storyteller must be able to hold listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story. A. when B. unless C. after D. until 3. It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star. A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then,C,D,B,小结： till, until和notuntil： 1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词 是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所 表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停 止”。如： We waited until he came. 2用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句 为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如： He wont go to bed till/until she returns. 3till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it. 4notuntil句型中的强调和倒装说法： It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.,问题5: 1. (03年北京) He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. A. until B. when C. before D. as 2. (04福建) Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. A. since B. after C. before D. when 3. (06四川)Why didnt you tell him about the meeting? He rushed out of the room_I could say a word. A. before B. until C. when D. after 4. (05北京春) It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. because,C,C,A,B,连接词before的小结： 一、含义 1 We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. 2 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 3 Please write it down before you forget it. 4Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.,“才”,“不到就”,“趁”,“还没来得及”,二Before从句中谓语不用否定式。如： Before they reached the station, the train had gone.,三1）句型It will be/was段时间before“还要过多久才” 如：It will be two years before he leaves the country. 2）句型It will be/was not一段时间before“不多久就” 如： It wasnt two years before he left the country. 3）句型It is段时间since时间的计算一律从since从句的 动作完成或状态结束时算起。如： It is three years since she was in the army. It is three years since she joined the army.,2、条件状语从句 问题1： 1、The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. （2000全国） Aas long as Bwhile Cif Deven though 2、 It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health. （05重庆卷） A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if,C,A,unless 相当于 if not，意思是“除非”“如果不就”。这也是高考的热点之一。复习时也应给予高度重视。,问题2： 1、_ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. （04北京春季） A. As long as B. As far as C. Just as D. Even if 2、I always take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait. （05全国卷3） Ain case Bso that Cin order Das if,B,A,as long as 与 as far as 都可引导条件状语从句，as long as 表示“只要”，as far as 表示“就而论（而言）”。题1根据题意应该选用B。in case 表示“以防”，根据题2的句意，不难作出选择。,3、让步状语从句 问题1： 1、 _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. （04江苏） A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless 2、Allow children the space to voice their opinions, _they are different from your own. (05湖南卷） A. until B. even if C. unless D. as though,A,B,while 是高考中的高频词，它既可引导时间状语从句，又可引导并列句，还可引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。even if 等于 even though，表示“即使、尽管”。as though 等于 as if，引导方式状语从句，表示“好像、似乎”。,问题2： 1、 He tried his best to solve the problem, _ difficult it was. （05天津卷） A. however B. no matter C. whatever D although 2、The old tower must be saved, _the cost. （05浙江） Ahowever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwherever,A,B,no matter wh- 与 wh-ever 的联系及区别： no matter wh- 只引导让步状语从句，此时与 wh-ever通用。 如: No matter when / Whenever he comes back, he should be invited to the party. wh-ever又可引导名词性从句， No matter wh-不能。如： Whatever I can do for you will be nothing but paying a debt. Whoever can help us will be welcome.,4. 状语从句的时态问题 问题1： 1、The house could fall down soon if no one_ some quick repair work. （04全国IV） A has done B is doing C does D had done 2、It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. （05北京春季） A. before B. since C. after D. when,在条件，时间和让步从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将 来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时，用一般过去时表过去将 来时。在 since 引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般 过去时，而主句常用现在完成时。,C,B,5、状语从句的倒装问题 问题1： 1、So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. (01 上海) A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel 2、Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. (95 NMET) A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize,状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况： 否定词开头； so 加 adj. 开头； as / though引导的让步状语从句。,D,A,特别注意： Hardly when No sooner than Child as he is, Hardly had he got to the station when the train left. No sooner had he got to the station than the train left. Child as he is, he can speak seven foreign languages.,6、状语从句与并列句的区别 问题1： 1、Though he is in his sixties, _ he works as hard as a young man A. yet B. but C. and D. and yet 2、 Excuse me for breaking in, _ I have some news for you. (NMET02) A. so B. and C. but D. yet,题1是主从复合句，所以中间不能使用并列连词 and; or; but; so 等。yet 是副词，只有 yet 可以与 though 连用。题2为 并列句，而“Excuse , but ”为一固定搭配。在复习中需要 细心的分析句子结构和成分。,A,C,对比训练与巩固,_ he heard this, he got very angry. 2. I met Lucy_ I was walking along the river. 3. _ a child, he lived in the countryside. A. when B. while C. as,对比训练 1,A,B,C,1. We were about to leave_ it began to rain. 2. She thought I was talking about her son, _, in fact, I was talking about my son. 3. Hardly had I finished my composition _ the bell rang. A. when B. while C. as D. during,对比训练 2,A,B,A,1. Child _ she is, she know a lot. 2. He did the experient _ he was told. 3. The pianos in the other shop will be cheaper, but not _ good. A. during B. as C. so D. though E. both B and C,对比训练 3,E,B,B,1. He would have a look at the bookstores _ he went to town. 2. We decide to finish the work on time, _ happens. 3. If we work with a strong will, we overcome any difficu