天津市高考英语总复习专题十名词、代词和冠词学案.docx

专题十名词、代词和冠词破考点【网络清单】名词分类普通名词可数名词个体名词:dog,chair,child,woman等集体名词:class,family,people等不可数名词物质名词:water,tea,oil,air等抽象名词:attention,love,pride,fun等专有名词:America,China,John等单数名词变复数名词的常用规则名词所有格s有生命的人或物的所有格:TomandHelensparents表示时间、自然现象、度量衡、金额、国家或城市的名词的所有格:twoyearstime,anhoursride()s所有格的构成规则of一般用于表示无生命的东西的所有格:thewindowofthehouse双重所有格:表示其中之一或其中一部分,突出局部:afriendofToms, anyworkofMoYans名词句法功能作主语:Mr. SmithwasborninCanada.作宾语:Johnsonisreadinganovelinhisstudy.作表语:Sheisalovelygirl.作定语:Sheisafootballplayer.作补语:Everyoneelectedhimmonitor.名词构词法(构成名词的后缀)代词人称代词主格(I,you,he,she,it,we,they)在句中作主语宾格(me,you,him,her,it,us,them)在句中作宾语、表语物主代词形容词性物主代词(my,your,his,her,its,our,their)在名词前作定语名词性物主代词(mine,yours,his,hers,ours,theirs)相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,在句中作主语、宾语、表语反身代词形式:myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves用法:宾语、表语、同位语含有反身代词的习惯用语Youwillhavetoseeifhehasgonetoschoolforyourself.(亲自)Thecomputermayshutoffofitself.(自动地)Idliketohavearoomtomyself.(独自享用)Icantfinishmyworkbymyself.(独立地)Seatyourself,please.请坐。Enjoyyourself.玩得高兴。指示代词(this,that,those,these)作主语、宾语、表语、定语相互代词(eachother,oneanother)作宾语疑问代词who,whom,whosewhat,whichwhat和who的区别:what用来询问职业;who用来询问身份what的习惯用法不定代词1.both,all,either,any,neither,none2.one,another,theother,some,others,theothers3.noone/nobody,nothing,none4.many,much,few,little,afew,alittle5.替代词:one,ones,theone,theones,that,those6.含复合不定代词的习惯用语(nothingbut,anythingbut等)7.全部肯定,全部否定和部分否定it的用法连接代词(详见名词性从句):Whocantellwhatwillhappeninthefuture?关系代词(详见定语从句):Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.冠词冠词的泛指、特指不定冠词的用法不定冠词的基本用法不定冠词的习惯用法定冠词的用法定冠词的基本用法定冠词的习惯用法零冠词的用法零冠词的基本用法零冠词的习惯用法冠词的活用抽象、物质名词的具体化surprise惊奇asurprise一件意外的事success成功asuccess一个/件成功的人或事rain雨aheavyrain一场大雨具体名词的抽象化gotoaschool去一所学校gotoschool去上学atatable在桌旁attable在吃饭纯专有名词的普通化HeisaLeiFeng.他是一个活雷锋。AMr. Smithiswaitingforyououtside.一个叫史密斯的先生正在外面等你。世界上独一无二的事物的名词前冠词的活用Themoontravelsaroundtheearth.月亮围着地球转。Anewmoonishanginginthesky.一轮新月悬挂在天空中。()形容词比较级前冠词的活用Tomisthetallerofthetwoboys.(两者中较的)Thispairofshoesistoosmall.Wouldyoushowmealargerpair?(更的)most前冠词的活用Itisthemostusefuldictionary.它是最有用的字典。(表示三者或三者以上中最的)Itisamostusefuldictionary.(avery)它是一本非常有用的字典。序数词前冠词的活用Itisthesecondtimethathehasvisitedthecity.这是他第二次参观这个城市。(表示次序)Canyougivemeasecondchance?你能再给我一次机会吗?(又一,再一)乐器名词前冠词的活用Heisplayingthepiano.(西洋乐器前加the)Heisplayingaborrowedpiano.(西洋乐器被当作普通名词使用时,可与不定冠词连用)Helikestoplayerhu.(中国乐器前不加冠词)word, man前的冠词活用ForalongtimetheywalkedwithoutsayingawordandJimwasthefirsttobreakthesilence.(word作“单词,话”讲,为普通名词,根据需要与相应的不定冠词连用)WordcamethatIwasneededathome.(word作“消息,信息”讲,与零冠词连用)Heisadifficultmantodealwith.(man作“男人,人”讲,为普通名词,根据需要与相应的不定冠词连用)Somepeoplethinkmancanconquernature.(man作“人类”讲,需与零冠词连用)【考点集训】考点一名词1.(2018江苏扬州、南通、徐州等市三模,21)Elizabethshowsgreatinherchoiceoffriends,soshehasalotoftrustworthycompanions.A.comprehensionB.discriminationC.determinationD.consideration答案B2.(2018江苏南京一模,3)Fatheralwaysinstructsmetodokindactsandbringmorejoyintotheworldaroundus.Thatsgreat.Smallcanoftencreatehugeblessings.A.gesturesB.impactsC.schemesD.concepts答案A3.(2018江苏姜堰、溧阳、前黄中学联考,24)ChinasBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem,whosepositioningwillreach2.5metresby2020,willsoonprovideservicestomorecountries. A.accuracyB.categoryC.functionD.reference答案A4.(2017江苏南京三模,22)Forthefinalofourjourney,wedecidedtotakethecoach.A.legB.roundC.distanceD.path答案A5.Aslongasyouhaveaclearinstudyandworkhardforit,youwillachieveit.A.targetB.functionC.powerD.environment答案A6.Everyschoolintothecompetitionwillhaveachancetowin$2,000ofcomputingequipment.A.priceB.worthC.valueD.cost答案B7.LilyaskedmetomakeaifIwasseriousaboutourrelationship.A.cooperationB.commitmentC.comprehensionD.compromise答案B8.Simonwilllistentomusiceverytimehecomesacrossamathsproblem.Youknow,musicisthesourceofinlife.A.inspirationB.identificationC.reactionD.recreation答案A9.Youdbetterneglectsomenegativeonwhatyoudoifyoudesiretogofurtheronyourway. A.conclusionB.debateC.commentD.evidence答案C10.Successcomestothosewhoarewillingtoriskmakingmistakesintheoftheirgoalsandambitions,andwhoareabletolearnfromthosemistakes.A.pursuitB.preferenceC.procedureD.progress答案A11.TheCCTVshowChineseCharactersDictationCompetitionhastakenthecountrybystorm,whichispartlydesignedtoarousepeoplesfortheChineselanguage.A.responseB.enthusiasmC.significanceD.consequence答案B考点二代词1.(2018江苏南京、盐城二模,24)MatteosnewalbumPanamahasturnedouttobeahit.Oh,heisreallyofaluckydog.A.nothingB.anythingC.everythingD.something答案D2.(2018江苏南京三模,24)Wecomefromdifferentcultures,andcarrywithdifferenthistories.A.itB.thatC.usD.them答案C3.(2018江苏苏锡常镇四市二模,21)WhatdoyouthinkofStevenHawking?Well,despitehisdisabledbody,hewasamanofscientifictalent,worthyofadmiration. A.oneB.whoC.thatD.this答案A4.(2018北京海淀区一模,1)Thecourseisdesignedtohelpstudentslearntoshowrespectfor.A.othersB.bothC.thoseD.either答案A5.(2018江苏苏北四市一调,30)DuringtheSinglesDayin2017,thesalesofChinesee-commercegiantssuchasAlibabaoutnumberedofBlackFridayandCyberMondayintheUS.A.thatB.thoseC.thisD.it答案B6.PeopleexpectShanghaiDisneylandParktoofferbetterservicethanofTokyos.A.thisB.itC.oneD.that答案D考点三冠词1.Donttakeitseriously,Alice.Iwasntmakingfunofyouitsnothingbutjoke.A./;theB.the;theC.the;aD./;a答案D2.IstronglyholdviewthatmeasuresshouldbetakentostopChinesetouristsbehavingbadlyinpublicplaces. A.a;theB.the;theC.the;/D.a;/答案C3.Oneofmostcommonillnessesinoursocietyis“timesickness”,senseoftimepressureandhurrythatcausesanxietyandnervousness.A./;aB./;theC.the;aD.the;the答案C4.Asconsequenceofallhishardtraining,Paulwasabletotakeleadintherace.A.the;aB.a;theC./;/D.a;a答案B5.Manylanguageexpertsthinkthatthebestwaytolearnalanguageistospendtimeincountrywherelanguageisspoken.A.a;theB.the;/C.the;aD./;the答案A过专题【五年高考】A组自主命题天津卷题组考点一名词1.(2018天津夏,6)Thethatthereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniversehasalwaysinspiredscientiststoexploretheouterspace.A.adviceB.orderC.possibilityD.invitation答案C2.(2018天津春,9)Canwestoptheoftheworldsdesertsandsavethelandthatmandependssomuchon?A.lossB.heatC.spreadD.defence答案C3.(2017天津春,7)Thenewspapergaveanaccurateofwhathappenedthenightbeforelast.A.exampleB.displayC.signalD.account答案D4.(2016天津,10)Theweatherforecastsaysitwillbecloudywithaslightofrainlatertonight.A.effectB.senseC.changeD.chance答案D5.(2014天津,3)Windisnowtheworldsfastestgrowingofpower.A.sourceB.senseC.resultD.root答案A考点二代词1.(2018天津春,2)Professionalskillsaretoolslikeaknifeorahammer.Youneedtocompletethethingsyouwanttodo.A.itB.thatC.themD.ones答案C2.(2015天津,2)Thequalityofeducationinthissmallschoolisbetterthaninsomelargerschools.A.thatB.oneC.itD.this答案A考点三冠词(2014天津,8)Lifeislikeocean:Onlystrong-willedcanreachtheothershore.A.an;theB.the;aC.the;/D./;a答案AB组统一命题、省(区、市)卷题组考点一名词1.(2018江苏,32)Trytounderstandwhatsactuallyhappeninginsteadofactingontheyouvemade.A.assignmentB.associationC.acquisitionD.assumption答案D2.(2016浙江,4)Itisimportanttopayyourelectricitybillontime,aslatepaymentsmayaffectyour.A.conditionB.incomeC.creditD.status答案C3.(2016江苏,24)Canyoutellusyourforhappinessandalonglife?Livingeverydaytothefull,definitely.A.recipeB.recordC.rangeD.receipt答案A4.(2015浙江,15)Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreduceistotalkaboutfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.A.productionB.stressC.energyD.power答案B5.(2015江苏,32)Someschoolswillhavetomakeinagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.A.judgmentsB.adjustmentsC.commentsD.achievements答案B6.(2015江苏,35)GoandsaysorrytoyourMom,Dave.Idliketo,butImafraidshewontbehappywithmy.A.requestsB.excusesC.apologiesD.regrets答案C7.(2015湖北,22)Hegavehimselfanewnametohidehiswhenhewenttocarryoutthesecrettask.A.emotionB.talentC.identityD.treasure答案C8.(2015安徽,30)Thereisnoneedtotellmeyouranswernow.Giveitsomeandthenletmeknow.A.thoughtB.supportC.protectionD.authority答案A9.(2015福建,24)Thefailurewasabigtohim,buthewasntdiscouragedandsoongotasenthusiasticasever.A.blowB.issueC.excuseD.factor答案A10.(2014湖北,21)Herforwritingwasadesireforwomentogettherighttohighereducation.A.talentB.motivationC.qualificationD.technique答案B11.(2014湖北,22)WhenRichardsaid,“Youaremuchmoreagreeableandprettiernow,”Joansfaceturnedredattheunexpected.A.contributionB.complimentC.comparisonD.command答案B12.(2014安徽,29)Whynotbuyasecond-handcarfirstifyoudonthaveenoughmoneyforanewone?Thatsagood.A.sayingB.questionC.suggestionD.account答案C13.(2014江苏,27)Shewasputunderhousearresttwoyearsagobutremainedapowerfulinlastyearselection.A.symbolB.portraitC.identityD.statue答案A14.(2014浙江,6)Wemostprefertosayyestotheofsomeoneweknowandlike.A.attemptsB.requestsC.doubtsD.promises答案B15.(2014福建,26)Couldyoutellmetheofmakingsuchtastycakes?Well,Ijustfollowthedirectionsinthecookbook.A.featureB.planC.costD.trick答案D考点二代词1.(2016浙江,3)Inmanyways,theeducationsystemintheUSisnotverydifferentfromintheUK.A.thatB.thisC.oneD.it答案A2.(2015浙江,12)HowwouldyoulikeifyouwerewatchingyourfavoriteTVprogramandsomeonecameintotheroomandjustshutitoffwithoutaskingyou?A.themB.oneC.thoseD.it答案D3.(2015重庆,2)ThemeetingwillbeheldinSeptember,butknowsthedateforsure.A.everybodyB.nobodyC.anybodyD.somebody答案B4.(2015福建,21)Theresearchgroupproducedtworeportsbasedonthesurvey,butcontainedanyusefulsuggestions.A.allB.noneC.eitherD.neither答案D5.(2015四川,10)Nikiisalwaysfullofideas,butisusefultomyknowledge.A.nothingB.nooneC.neitherD.none答案D6.(2015陕西,13)Towarmhimself,thesailorsatinfrontofthefirerubbingonebarefootagainst.A.anotherB.theotherC.otherD.either答案B7.(2014重庆,1)Asmilecosts,butgivesmuch.A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything答案C8.(2014四川,1)ShedlivedinLondonandManchester,butshelikedandmovedtoCambridge.A.bothB.neitherC.noneD.either答案B9.(2014江西,32)WhenshallIcall,inthemorningorafternoon?.Illbeinallday.A.AnyB.NoneC.NeitherD.Either答案D10.(2014安徽,24)Youcanaskanyoneforhelp.hereiswillingtolendyouahand.A.OneB.NooneC.EveryoneD.Someone答案C11.(2014福建,21)Insomecountries,peopleeatwithchopsticks,whilein,knivesandforks.A.anotherB.othersC.bothD.all答案B12.(2014江苏,34)Goodfamiliesaremuchtoalltheirmembers,buttonone.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing答案C13.(2014陕西,21)Idappreciateifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.A.itB.youC.oneD.this答案A14.(2014山东,4)Susanmadecleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.A.thatB.thisC.itD.her答案C15.(2014浙江,3)Anaverageofjust18.75cmofrainfelllastyear,makingthedriestyearsinceCaliforniabecameastatein1850.A.eachB.itC.thisD.one答案B16.(2014大纲全国,25)Whosthatatthedoor?isthemilkman.A.HeB.ItC.ThisD.That答案B考点三冠词1.(2016浙江,2)prizeforthewinnerofthecompetitionistwo-weekholidayinParis.A.The;不填B.A;不填C.A;theD.The;a答案D2.(2015重庆,3)IjustheardbankwhereDoraworkswasrobbedbygunmanwearingamask.A.the;/B.a;/C.the;aD.a;the答案C3.(2015浙江,2)Janesgrandmotherhadwantedtowritechildrensbookformanyyears,butonethingoranotheralwaysgotinway.A.a;不填B.the;theC.不填;theD.a;the答案D4.(2014重庆,6)IcanttellyouwaytotheWilsonsbecausewedonthaveWilsonhereinthevillage.A.the;aB.a;/C.a;theD.the;/答案A5.(2014浙江,2)Thepaperisduenextmonth,andIamworkingsevendaysweek,oftenlongintonight.A.a;theB.the;不填C.a;aD.不填;the答案A【三年模拟】1.(2019届天津静海区四校联考,19)IhavemadearulethatIbuyacopyofEnglishSquareeverymonth.A.oneB.thatC.thisD.it答案D2.(2019届天津静海区四校联考,25)HisletterwassoconfusingthatIcouldhardlymakeanyofit.A.explanationB.meaningC.senseD.guess答案C3.(2019届天津滨海新区大港油田一中期中,30)Boysandgirls,Ihavethegreatofintroducingourspeaker.ThisisthefamousprofessorofPekingUniversity.A.prideB.advanceC.privilegeD.insight答案C4.(2019届天津静海区三校联考,21)Whenhewasrunningafterhisbrother,theboylosthisandhadabadfall.A.balanceB.chanceC.memoryD.place答案A5.(2019届天津四合庄中学上学期期中,19)Susanmadecleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.A.thatB.thisC.itD.her答案D6.(2019届天津四合庄中学上学期期中,20)Astheworldspopulationcontinuestogrow,theoffoodbecomesmoreandmoreofaconcern.A.worthB.supplyC.packageD.list答案B7.(2018天津南开中学4月月考,1)Ourcityhasareaof20,000squarekilometers,secondonlytothelargestcityinourprovince.A.a;theB.the;/C.an;/D./;the答案C8.(2018天津第一中学下学期第四次月考,2)Mycousinhasdecidedtopursuecareerinmusicafterhiscollegegraduationthoughhisparentsdontagreewithdecision.A./;theB.a;theC.a;aD.a;/答案B9.(2018天津第一中学5月月考,1)Whataboutthepartylastnight?Itwasgreatsuccess.Ithinkitsgreatpitythatyoudidntattendit.A./;theB.a;aC./;aD.a;the答案B10.(2018天津十二校二联,6)Wehavebeenmakingfurnitureforover100years,andhaveaworldwideforquality. A.contributionB.qualificationC.reputationD.institution答案C11.(2018天津河东区一模,2)Inrecentyears,ChineseartshavewontheofalotofpeopleoutsideChina.A.reputationB.enjoymentC.appreciationD.entertainment答案C12.(2018天津南开中学4月月考,10)Itsstressedthatmeasurestocontrolhousepriceswillbehighontheofthegovernment.A.altitudeB.agencyC.agendaD.accommodation答案C13.(2018天津第一中学下学期第四次月考,8)Someexpertsfearthattoo-earlytocomputerswillhaveharmfulconsequencesforchildrensdevelopment.A.exposureB.extensionC.exhibitionD.expansion答案A14.(2018天津南开区一模,20)OnedaywhileshoppinginasmalltowninsouthernCalifornia,itwasmytobeapproachedbyaclerkwhosepersonalityconflictedwithmine.A.pleasureB.mercyC.misfortuneD.technique答案C15.(2018天津一中3月月考,19)Theofseverepunishmentsplaysamajorroleinthegrowingroadsafetyproblem.A.absenceB.presenceC.existenceD.evidence答案A16.(2018天津南开区三模,1)Itiswidelyacceptedthatthestockmarketusuallyreflectsacountryseconomic.A.functionB.performanceC.cooperationD.dependence答案B17.(2018天津和平区二模,1)Thedevelopmentofindustryhasbeengradualprocessthroughouthumanexistence,fromstonetoolstomoderntechnology.A./;theB.the;aC.a;/D.a;a答案C18.(2018天津河北区一模,28)Itisimportanttopayyourelectricitybillontime,aslatepaymentmayaffectyour.A.conditionB.incomeC.creditD.status答案C19.(2018天津耀华中学二模,1)ThevisitorsherearegreatlyimpressedbythefactthatpeoplefromallwalksoflifeareworkinghardfornewTianjin.A./;aB./;theC.the;aD.the;the答案A20.(2018天津河西区一模,22)Doyouhavereadyforthespringouting?No,Istillhavetobuysomefruit.A.everythingB.anythingC.somethingD.nothing答案A21.(2018天津河西区三模,2)Ifyouwanttochangeforadoubleroom,youllhavetopay$25.A.otherB.moreC.anotherD.each答案C22.(2018天津河东区一模,5)whoareabletoworkthroughthestrugglearethewhoaregoingtobesuccessful.A.Someone;oneB.Anyone;oneC.He;onesD.Those;ones答案D23.(2018天津南开区一模,6)Thenewonlinelibrarymakespossibleforstudentstochoosebooksbysmartphoneoffcampus.A.itB.oneC.thatD.this答案A24.(2018天津红桥区二模,2)Didyouhaveanytroublewiththewesterncustoms?tospeakof.A.NoneB.AnythingC.NobodyD.Noone答案A25.(2018天津部分区质量调查二,1)IlikewhenmyclassmatesandIgotoakaraokebarandsingtogethercrazily.A.thisB.oneC.thatD.it答案D26.(2018天津滨海新区七所重点学校毕业联考,23)“MadeinChina2025” aimstotransformChinafromaproduct-makingfactoryintoaproduct-makingpower,drivenbyinnovationandemphasizingqualityoverquantity.A.theonethatB.onethatC.oneD.theone答案C27.(2018天津南开区三模,2)Thelittleboatissafe.Dontyouthinkso,Mike?Noworries!Ivebeenonthisboatdozensoftimes.A.somethingbutB.nothingbutC.anythingbutD.everythingbut答案C28.(2017天津南开区二模,12)Howcouldtheyreachanagreement?Somesaidonething,butothers.A.otherB.anotherC.theotherD.others答案B29.(2017天津河西区一模,11)Myclosefriends,aftertheyheardaboutmyexperiencesinSouthAmerica,saiditwastotallyoutoftheirimagination.A.whichB.themC.allD.who答案C30.(2017天津南开区三模,5)Avarietyofsolutionshavebeenprovidedforustosolvetheproblem.Wecanchoosetostartwith.A.itB.thatC.eachD.one答案D31.(2017天津十二所重点中学一模,8)Youlookverybeautifulinthisdressandthereisonlyoneofthiskindlefthere.Iwonderifyouwouldbuy.A.oneB.itC.someD.any答案B32.(2017天津十二所重点中学二模,10)Althoughwarstillexistsonourplanet,Idobelieveitspossiblefordifferentethnicgroupstolivetogetherin.A.agreementB.harmonyC.connectionD.comparison答案B33.(2017天津南开区一模,1)Unfortunately,stonehithimonheadandhegotinjured.A.the;aB.a;/C.a;theD.the;the答案C34.(2017天津河西区二模,3)Ipreferwritingletterstotalkingonphone.A.the;aB./;theC.the;theD./;a答案B35.(2017天津南开区三模,11)Itwasadifficultjobforhim.Hehadtriedeverythingbutitmade