2018_2019学年高中英语Unit24Society课时跟踪练（一）Warm_up_Lesson1_Pre_reading北师大版.docx

课时跟踪练(一) Warm-up & Lesson 1 Pre-reading.阅读理解AThere was a time when a trip to the supermarket in the United States often ended with a seemingly simple question from the cashier (收银员): “Paper or plastic？” Well, which type of bag would you choose?While all types of bags have some influence on the environment, it has long been supposed that paper bags are kinder. They are made from a renewable source, break down easily, burn without giving off thick smoke and can be recycled (回收利用). However, the producing process behind paper bags uses more energy than that of plastic ones. How can this be true?Studies show that paper bag production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production. And the amount (量) of water used to make them is twenty times higher. Besides, the influence on forests is very serious. It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags, which happens to be the number of bags used in the United States yearly. In terms of recycling, the idea that paper bags are more environmentfriendly than plastic ones can be quickly discarded. Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it does paper.Even though paper bags might be more harmful than plastic ones, plastic still seems to be considered by governments as the more harmful of the two. In Ireland, for example, a tax (税) has been introduced to discourage the use of plastic bags. People have to pay 22 cents for every plastic bag, and as a result, their use has dropped quickly.Theres no doubt it makes more sense to reuse these bags. However, we dont seem to be doing that at present. That may be because they fall apart quickly. If so, cloth bags are a better choice, but still, their production also has a bad influence on the environment. So what to do? How should we answer the question of “Paper or plastic？” It seems that we first need to ask ourselves one more general question: “What can I do to help the environment？”语篇解读：本文是议论文。购物时，应该选用纸袋还是塑料袋，抑或是其他更加环保的方式？作者主要就此进行了探讨。1The questions in Paragraph 1 are used to _.Aexpress the authors doubtsBtell readers how to save moneyCintroduce points for discussionDshow the kindness of the cashier解析：选C写作手法题。作者在首段中通过两个问题，引出了下文要探讨的话题：购物时，应该选纸袋还是塑料袋，到底哪种更环保呢？2Compared with plastic bags, paper bags _.Aneed more water to produceBrequire less energy to recycleCtake more time to break downDhave less influence on forests解析：选A细节理解题。由第三段中的“the amount of water used to make them is twenty times higher”可知，A项说法正确。3The underlined word “discarded” in Paragraph 3 probably means “_”AsharedBgiven upCdiscussedDput forward解析：选B词义猜测题。由该词后的“Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it does paper.”可知，就回收利用而言，纸袋比塑料袋更加环保这种观念显然是错误的，应该予以抛弃，故选B项。4What does the Irish government think of plastic bags?AThey are less harmful than paper bags.BThey can be made environmentfriendly.CTaxes probably need to be increased further.DNo plastic bags should be provided in shops.解析：选C细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“In Ireland . a tax has been introduced to discourage the use of plastic bags.”可知，爱尔兰政府可能会进一步加大对购买塑料袋者征收的税费，故选C项。B“Siri” may be a wellknown name now. Today, 87 percent of iPhone owners say they use Siri each month.As Dag Kittalaus, the Norwegian cocreator of the iPhones wellknown virtual (虚拟的) assistant, revealed at a startup conference in Chicago, he planned to name his daughter Siri after a former coworker. In Norwegian, Siri means “a beautiful woman who leads you to victory”. He even registered the domain (域名) S. Then he and his wife had a son, and the website was given up. But when Kittalaus was ready to launch his eyecatching speech recognition technology, he used Siri. “Consumer companies need to focus on the fact that the name is easy to spell and easy to say，” he said.Siri, Inc. was formed in 2007, and the technology was launched as an iOS app available in the Apple Store in early 2010. The software was planned to be available for the Blackberry and the Android phone. Things changed when Kittalaus, the companys CEO, received a call three weeks later from Steve Jobs.The Apple founder invited Kittalaus to his home in Cupertino, CA, where the two had a threehour chat about the future of technology. “He talked about why Apple was going to win, and we talked about how Siri was doing，” said Kittalaus. Apple went on to buy Siri for $200 million, ending the plan to make it available for rival (竞争) operating systems. However, there was one problem Jobs wasnt sold on the name.Kittalaus, who worked for Apple until October 2011, tried to convince the stubborn Jobs that Siri was a great name. But in the end, the company stuck with the name for a simpler reason: No one could dream up anything better. But it seems that Kittalaus was right about Siri. Today, its an important part of pop culture, and a standard that other companies are trying to top.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。Siri是苹果公司在其产品上应用的一项智能语音控制软件，它就好比一台智能化机器人。如今，Siri已然成为Apple的一个“活”招牌。但是，你知道这位越来越出名的数码助理的名字是如何确定的吗？5Why did Kittalaus name the speech recognition technology Siri at first?AHis former coworker recommended it.BIts the name of his daughter.CHe liked the meaning of it.DIts easy to spell and say.解析：选D细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知，Kittalaus最初决定用Siri这个名字来给这款语音识别软件命名并创立公司，是因为他认为这个名字易于拼写并且叫起来朗朗上口。6Which of the following is Siri available for now?AThe iPhone.BThe Blackberry phone.CThe Android phone.DAny operating system.解析：选A推理判断题。由第三、四段可知，起初Kittalaus是计划让Siri服务于黑莓手机和安卓手机的，但乔布斯说服了他并且最终收购了Siri，这使得Siri只能用于苹果公司的系统。7What did Jobs think of the name Siri?AHe insisted it was a great name.BHe thought it represented pop culture.CHe believed it would lead Apple to victory.DHe didnt like it but failed to find a better choice.解析：选D细节理解题。由第四段“However, there was one problem Jobs wasnt sold on the name.”及最后一段前两句可知，乔布斯原本是不喜欢Siri这个名字的，但是由于没人能提出比这个更好的选择，公司最终沿用了这个名字。8What is the text mainly about?AHow Siri was invented.BHow Apple bought Siri.CHow Apples Siri got its name.DHow Apple uses Siri to beat rival companies.解析：选C主旨大意题。综合文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了苹果公司的智能语音控制软件Siri这个名字的由来。CThough online ordering is popular in the UK today, handson experience still attracts many buyers attention.Oxford StreetLondon is a shoppers paradise, and most visitors head for Oxford Street. Halfway along is Selfridges, one of the worlds first department stores where the architecture and window dressing impress you even before you go in. There are at least four other major stores on this street, plus Europes largest music shop. In December the atmosphere is especially festive because of the Christmas lights which are always lighted by a politician, a great sportsman, or a super star.Kensington High StreetA fashionable area for shopping is Kensington High Street. One of its department stores even has a roof garden good for relaxing between purchases. Theres also an organic food superstore.Borough MarketYou cant visit London without going to a supermarket. One of the oldest and best for food is probably Borough Market on the south bank of the Thames. Get off the underground at London Bridge and wander among fresh fish stalls, bakeries, and fruit and vegetable sellers. You can also buy specialities to take away, like cheeses, pork pies, mustard and chutney.More places for bargainsPortobello Road Market on a Saturday is your best choice for jewelry or collectors items. Its a short walk from the underground station at Notting Hill Gate and you never know what you will find. For clothes, Camden Market is the place. It gets a little crowded at the weekends, though. Convent Garden Market offers great experience for the simple pleasure of looking at jewelry and gifts.9Oxford Street becomes special in December for _.Athe wonderful window dressingBthe Europes largest music shopCthe lights lighted by a famous personDmany bargains to choose from解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“In December the atmosphere is especially festive because of the Christmas lights which are always lighted by a politician, a great sportsman, or a super star.”可知，在12月(这里的)气氛特别喜庆，因为圣诞(彩)灯总是由一位政治家、伟大的运动员或超级明星点亮。10To enjoy food, you can go to _.ACamden MarketBBorough MarketCKensington High StreetDPortobello Road Market解析：选B细节理解题。根据第四段，尤其是第四段第二句“One of the oldest and best for food is probably Borough Market on the south bank of the Thames.”可知，在Borough Market可以买到最好的食物，据此可知，如果你要享受美食，你可以去Borough Market。11Where is this passage probably taken from?AA science book.BA travelers journal.CA news report.DA trip guide.解析：选D推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了英国几个吸引游客的购物去处，包括Oxford Street, Kensington High Street, Borough Market等。据此可以判断，本文最可能摘自旅游指南，故D项正确。.阅读七选五If youve lent money to a friend, asking them to repay (偿还) you may make you feel bad. However, when handled properly, you can get your money without losing the friendship.Remind them kindly. _1_ Start by reminding them about the money. You can say something like, “I was happy to give you that money last month to help you out, but I was hoping you could pay me back before my rent is due.”_2_ Some people may selfishly think that having money for themselves is more important than repaying the loan (借款). In these cases, it may be beneficial to let the person know why its important that they pay you back soon.Ask them to repay some of the money. _3_ If your friend is unable to pay the full amount owed to you, ask if they can pay some of the money to show they are serious about making a repayment effort.Set a deadline (截止时间). Sometimes, people simply work better with a timeline. Let your friend know youd really like to be fully repaid by a certain date. _4_ But if you really need the money paid back, setting a specific deadline may help.Decide what means more to you. In some cases, you may have to choose between getting your money back and keeping your friend. _5_ But if your friend still cant a