2018_2019学年高中英语Unit23ConflictSectionⅣLanguageAwareness8.docx

Section Language Awareness 8 & Culture Corner词义匹配1bully ato recognize sb./sth. and be able to say who or what they are2recommendation bto be connected with sth. or worry sb.3identify ca person who uses their strength or power to frighten or hurt weaker people4professional dthe act of telling sb. that sth. is good or useful5concern econnected with a job that needs special training or skill答案：1.c2.d3.a4.e5.b.根据词性及汉语意思写出单词1counsellor n顾问counsel vt.(正式)建议，劝告2diverse adj.不同的，变化多的diversity n差异，多样性3demanding adj.很费心的demand v要求，需要4adjust vi.适应；调整adjustment n调整；适应5assist v协助，帮助assistant n助手.补全短语1tell sb. off责备；斥责2have a row 吵架3the other day 那天，不久前的一天4be aware of 意识到5be responsible for . 对负责6apply to 向申请7on behalf of 代表8a wide range of 范围广泛的9adjust to 适应10mean doing . 意味着做1Counsellors offer help, advice and support to people who find it difficult to help themselves.辅导员向那些觉得自我帮助有困难的人提供帮助、建议与支持。句式分析在find it difficult to help themselves中，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为to help themselves。佳句赏析我发现大学生创业很难。I find it difficult for college students to start a business.2. Some children have more difficulty learning than others.有些孩子比起其他孩子来说在学习上有更多的困难。句式分析have difficulty (in) doing sth.表示“做某事有困难”。佳句赏析她在物理学习方面有些困难。She has some difficulty (in) learning physics.3. Having a wellpaid job does not mean giving up your interests.有份收入好的工作并不意味着放弃你的兴趣。句式分析句中“having a wellpaid job”为动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。佳句赏析照看生病的母亲是我当前的工作。Looking after my sick mother is my present work.考点1demanding adj.(指任务)需要耐心、技巧、努力等的；(指人)对他人要求高的；苛求的教材原句Children of different ages have different problems and needs, so the job of a school counsellor can be very diverse and demanding.不同年龄的孩子有不同的问题与需求，因此，一名学校顾问的工作可能既变化多端，又需要很高的技能。Teaching is a demanding profession, both physically and mentally.教学工作是个在体力上和脑力上都要求比较高的工作。demand vt. & n要求，请求，需要demand to do sth. 要求/请求/需要做某事demand sth. of sb. 要求/请求某人某事demand of sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事demand (that) . (should) do . 要求做(虚拟语气)meet/satisfy ones demand 满足的需要in demand 需求量大He demanded of me to shut (shut) the gate.他要求我关上大门。Organic produce is in great demand.有机农产品需求量很大。I think the government should try to satisfy the publics demands.我认为政府应尽力满足民众的需求。名师点津(1)不可以说demand sb. to do sth., 但可以说demand of sb. to do sth.。(2)demand后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气：should动词原形，should可以省略。1单句语法填空The work is physically demanding (demand)Some experts demand that children (should) be given (give) enough time for sleep and play.He demanded to be told (tell) everything about the accident.The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great demand in this city.2单句改错He demanded me to pay for the dinner.me前加ofThe UN has demanded that all troops are withdrawn at once.arebe考点2apply to 适用，应用到；向申请或要求教材原句Often, a counsellor will help students decide on which courses to take at college and which colleges to apply to.咨询师经常帮助学生决定在大学里参加哪些课程、申请哪些大学。The rules of safe driving apply to everyone.安全驾驶的规则适用于每个人。(1)apply (to .) for(向)申请apply oneself to (doing) sth.致力于，集中精力于apply . to . 把应用于(2)applicant n. 申请人application n. 应用，申请(表)He applied for a job as an English teacher.他应聘英语教师的工作。He applied himself to his new duties with great energy.他以极大的热情投入到了新的工作中去。New technology is being applied to almost every industrial process.新技术正被应用于所有的工业流程。1单句语法填空You will pass your exams if you really apply yourself to working (work)In this way, they can better apply theory to practice.To my delight, I was chosen from hundreds of applicants (apply) to attend the opening ceremony.His application (apply) for membership of the organization was rejected.Im writing to apply for the position as a student volunteer.2完成句子We should apply ourselves to finding (专心于发现) a solution to our problem.I have been out of work for half a year, so I want to apply for a job (申请一份工作) in this company.考点3recommendation n推荐；正式提议；推荐信教材原句They also write letters of recommendation on behalf of students.他们还代表学生写推荐信。I have got the job on the strength of your recommendation.承蒙足下推荐，我已获得这份工作。(1)make recommendations to sb. for/on/about sth. 就某事向某人提议/建议on ones recommendation 根据某人的建议/介绍(2)recommend vt. 推荐；介绍；劝告，建议recommend sb. sth. recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐/介绍某事recommend sb. for . 推荐某人(某职位)recommend sb. as . 推荐某人为recommend doing sth. 推荐做某事，建议做某事recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事recommend that .(should) do . 建议做(虚拟语气)The committee made recommendations to the board on/for/about workers pay and conditions.委员会就工人的工资和工作条件问题向董事会提出了建议。He gave her the job on her uncles recommendation.经她叔叔介绍，他给了她这份工作。The teacher recommended buying (buy) an EnglishChinese dictionary.老师建议买一本英汉字典。The doctor recommended his patient to go out for a walk.医生建议他的病人出去散散步。The teacher recommended that everyone (should) take an active part in the English party.老师建议每一个人都应积极参加英语晚会。1单句语法填空He recommended me as secretary in the company.I had the operation on my doctors recommendation(recommend)He recommended that we (should) avoid (avoid) processed foods if possible.She recommended me to buy (buy) a new car for my brother.If you want to visit the museum, I recommend going (go) there by underground.2一句多译我们的老师建议我们暑假里看看这部电影。Our teacher recommended us to see the film during the summer holiday.(recommend sb. to do)Our teacher recommended that we (should) see the film during the summer holiday.(recommend that)考点4adjust vt. & vi.适应；整理；校正，调节教材原句I help students adjust to life away from home.我帮助学生们适应离开家的生活。(1)adjust to (doing) sth.适应于；习惯adjust oneself to 使自己适应于(2)adjustment n. 调整make an adjustment/adjustments (to)(对)做出调整adjustable 可调节的，可调整的Astronauts in flight must adjust to weightlessness.宇航员在飞行中必须适应失重状态。She must learn to adjust herself to English life.她必须学会适应英国的生活。The company made an adjustment to my salary.公司对我的薪水作了调整。1单句语法填空When a child is studying abroad, he must learn to adjust to living (live) on his own.He will have to make major adjustments (adjust) to his thinking if he is to survive in office.The bicycle has an adjustable (adjust) seat and you can adjust it to a certain height.2完成句子我们必须尽快适应新生活。We must adjust ourselves to the new life as soon as possible.由于天气不好， 他们不得不对会议的时间作了调整。Due to the bad weather, they had to make an adjustment to the time of the meeting.考点5a wide range of 范围广泛的；各种各样的教材原句College students are of many different ages and come from a wide range of social, cultural and economic backgrounds.大学生们年龄各异，并且来自不同的社会、文化和经济背景。In addition to these traditional activities, we have a wider range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.除了这些传统的活动外，我们还有更大的选择范围，像旅游、拜访亲戚朋友等。(1)range n种类，范围；幅度in/within range 在射程内；在范围内out of/beyond range 超出射程/范围 (2)range vi. (范围)涉及/变化/排列range from . to . 在和之间变化By now the ship was within range of enemy radar.该船现已进入敌人雷达的范围。I think our mobile phones are out of/beyond range of the nearest radio tower.我想我们的手机已不在最近的无线发射台覆盖范围内了。There are 120 students whose ages range from 10 to 18.年龄在10岁至18岁之间的学生有120名。1写出下列句子中range的汉语意思The hotel offers a wide range of services.种类Most of the students are in the 1720 age range.范围They ranged themselves around the table.排列The ages of the students range from 18 to 20.变动2选词填空： out of range, a wide range ofCan you shoot that bird at the top of the tree?No, its out of range.Modern computers can be applied to a wide range of tasks.1Counsellors offer help, advice and support to people who find it difficult to help themselves.辅导员向那些觉得自我帮助有困难的人提供帮助、建议与支持。(1)在 find it difficult to help themselves 中，it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语为 to help themselves。在复合宾语中，当宾语为不定式、动名词或宾语从句时，往往把真正的宾语放在它的补足语的后面，而用 it 作形式宾语，放在宾补之前。I find it difficult to get along with foreigners.我觉得与外国人相处很难。I found it necessary to get a map when travelling.我觉得旅行时弄一张地图很有必要。(2)it 除作形式宾语外，还可以作形式主语，真正的主语(不定式、动名词或从句)放在后面，一般是为了平衡句子结构。Its no use arguing with him; he wont listen.和他争吵没用，他不会听的。It is easy to say, but difficult to do.说起来容易做起来难。1单句语法填空We feel it our duty to make our country a better place.Its not a good habit to stay (stay) up too late.Its a waste of time talking (talk) to her any more.They felt it difficult to finish (finish) work in such a short time.2完成句子我认为到英国去旅行没必要带着汉英词典。I dont think it necessary to bring a ChineseEnglish dictionary when traveling to Britain.不管多忙，他习惯每天看至少20分钟的书。No matter how busy he is, he makes it a rule to read at least 20 minutes a day.2Some children have more difficulty learning than others.有些孩子比起其他孩子来说在学习上有更多的困难。(1)本句是一个复合句。than引导的比较状语从句中省略了与主句中的重复部分“have difficulty learning”。主句采用了have difficulty (in) doing sth.结构，表示“做某事吃力/有困难”。I have difficulty/trouble (in) persuading him.说服他很困难。We had some difficulty (in) finding the shop.我们费了一番周折才找到那家商店。(2)其他相关句型There is some difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难have difficulty/trouble with sth. 在某方面有困难They have some difficulty with their spoken English.他们在英语口语方面有困难。1单句语法填空I had great difficulty finding (find) the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.The little boy has some trouble with his math homework.2句型转换He has trouble with English learning.He has difficulty with English learning.He has trouble/difficulty in learning English.3完成句子用英语表达你有困难吗？Do you have any difficulty/trouble (in) expressing yourself in English?我毫不费力气地表达了自己的意思。I had no difficulty/trouble (in) making myself understood.表达完成的动词形式语法初识原句感知自主探究Why havent you been in touch? What have you been doing during the holidays?I expect you have been working hard for your exams!At least by the time I get back I will have read that awfully boring book .Anyway, having walked all the way to the top, we were tired and stopped .Well, he had been standing there for a minute or so when there was a noise.It must have been an instinctive reaction but it saved my life .The boy pretended to have known it. (1)以上句子分别使用了不同的时态或非谓语动词形式来表达完成的概念。(2)根据以上例句，表示“完成”的动词形式有：现在完成时态(句)，现在完成进行时态(句、句)，过去完成进行时态(句)，将来完成时态(句)，不定式的完成式(句)，动词ing形式的完成式(句)，情态动词后跟完成时态(句)。语法剖析一、谓语动词的形式和含义1时态的变化形式含义have/has done (现在完成时)表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响或造成的结果，还可表示动作从过去某一时间开始，持续到现在，还有可能持续下去have/has been doing(现在完成进行时)表示某一动作对现在的影响或造成的结果，还可表示某一动作的延续性、重复性，有时含有某种感情色彩had done(过去完成时)表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经发生的动作或存在的状态(过去完成进行时)表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续到这一过去时间will/shall have done(将来完成时)表示在将来某一时间点或某一动作之前完成的动作will/shall have been doing(将来完成进行时)表示截止到将来某时间点以前一直在进行的动作My brother has been ill for two days.我弟弟病了两天了。She has been saying that for many times.那种话她已经说过很多次了。By the time he was twenty, he had already written two plays.到他20岁时，他已写了两部戏剧了。I had been looking for it for days before I found it.这东西我找了好多天才找着。You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow.到明天这个时候，你将已经到上海了。I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of this year.到今年年底，我在这个工厂工作就满20年了。名师点津(1)现在完成进行时是完成时和进行时的结合，它具备未完成性或特定的感情色彩。He has been sleeping all the afternoon.他已睡了一下午了。(表示“抱怨”，有感情色彩)(2)过去完成时必须以过去某一时刻为起点，即“过去的过去”，因此只有在和过去的某个动作相比较时才能用到。Zhu Zhiwen had prepared well before he stepped onto the stage of Avenue of Stars.在走上星光大道的舞台之前，朱之文已做了充分的准备。 11.单句语法填空He has been learning (learn) English for 8 years, and hell keep on it.Tom had learned (learn) some English before he came to London.The football fan was very tired because he had been watching (watch) the league match the whole night.We will have finished (finish) the job two days ahead of time if it doesnt rain.12.完成句子今天下午我一直在练钢琴。I have been practising the piano this afternoon.当我到达车站时，火车已经出发了。The train had left when I got to the station.到2018年年底之前我们将实现我们的目标。Well have reached our goal by the end of 2018. 二、“情态动词have done”表示推测或责备can (could), may (might), must, should (ought to), need等有时接完成时表示对过去动作或状态进行推测或责备。She cant have finished the work.她不可能做完了这项工作。He might have arrived now.现在他可能已经到了。She should have told me the news earlier.她本该早点告诉我这个消息的。三、非谓语动词的完成式主动式having过去分词被动式having been过去分词否定式not having过去分词意义表示分词动作发生在主句谓语动作之前功能通常在句中作状语，也可作主语(动名词)Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake.被告知了好多遍，这个淘气的男孩还是犯了同样的错误。Not having met her, I cant tell you what she is like.(因为)我从没有见过她，所以没办法告诉你她的模样。21.单句语法填空Having noted (note) down our names and addresses, the policeman dismissed me. The room is empty, where can/could he have gone (go)?I happened to have driven (drive) that kind of car before.22.完成句子很抱歉让您等了这么久。Im very sorry to have kept you waiting for a long time.他因未履行自己的诺言而向我们道歉。He apologized to us for not having kept his promise.昨晚你本不必等我的。You neednt have waited for me last night.应用实战一、链接高考单句语法填空1(2016北京高考)Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?The new Star Wars. We have been waiting (wait) here for more than two hours.2(2016北京高考)I have read (read) half of the English novel, and Ill try to finish it at the weekend.3(2016浙江高考)George cant have gone (go) too far. His coffee