2018_2019学年高中英语Unit19Language课时跟踪练（三）Lesson2Lesson3Pre_reading（含解析）.docx

课时跟踪练(三) Lesson 2 & Lesson 3 Pre-reading.阅读理解ASince animals think in pictures, one can “talk” to them without words.For example, there are hand signals that convey everything from “sit” to “Ill be back soon.”In dog language, being petted (抚摸) on top of the head by a stranger is an aggressive act.Try a more calm approach; crouch down (蹲下) or stand with your side turned to the dog, dont make eye contact for very long, keep words to a whisper and wait for the dog to approach you.Then pet the side closest to you.Never reach over a dog.If you decide to touch a dogs head, it is much nicer to go for the side of the face or under the chin.Calming signals are used in most dogtodog interactions to avoid or end conflict.If we understand these often gestures, we have a better chance of being sympathetic and living in harmony with dogs.Has your dog ever yawned (打哈欠), and you thought he was tired？Well, yawning is generally a calming signal.The dog is trying to tell another dog or his owner that the moment is too intense for example, when we play or train too hard with our dogs and everyone needs a break.Here are some other common calming signals：Turning the head to avoid eye contact when meeting.This is like saying，“Nothing to worry about here.”Nose licking, scratching or refusal to look in your direction.These are often used to let people know they are pets, playing or training too intensely.Take a break or change your approach.Hip or butt bumps.These say, “I like and trust you，” or “Would you mind scratching my back？”Cocking head from side to side.Dogs may do this when they hear a strange noise or when you try to tell them a story.It means something like, “Im not quite sure I understand.”语篇解读：本文是说明文。人与人之间通常用语言进行交流，但动物之间的交流主要是非语言的。文章主要介绍了狗的一些肢体语言。1Which of the following is NOT an aggressive act in dog language?AReaching over a dog.BMaking eye contact for very long.CA strangers petting on top of the head.DTouching the side of a dogs face or under the chin.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，抚摸狗的侧脸或者下巴下面的部位是恰当的，对狗来说不是侵犯性的举动。2Calming signals among dogs can _.Ahelp avoid or end conflictBmake dogs sympathetic to each otherChelp dogs understand different gesturesDhelp dogs make friends with other dogs解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，在狗与狗的交流中，calming signals主要用来避免或终止冲突。3When a dog yawns, it _.Afeels relaxedBwants to playCneeds a break Dwants to sleep解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，狗打哈欠时想传达的信息是：它需要休息一下。4What will your dog do if it doesnt know what you want to express?ABump its hip or butt.BCock its head from side to side.CRefuse to look in your direction.DTurn the head to avoid eye contact.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，当狗没有明白别人的意思时，它会仰着头左右晃动。BIn the early 1970s, David McNeill, a psychology professor at the University of Chicago, was giving a talk in a Paris lecture hall when something queer caught his eye. There was a woman in the back of the room moving her arms in a way that seemed to convey exactly what he was saying. It took him a moment to realize that she was speaking, too, and another to realize that she was an interpreter, translating his words into French. For McNeill, that moment of confusion made him realize that gesture and speech are not as separate as they seem.Gesture researchers have spent the past 40 years uncovering how movements are tied to speech. Regardless of their spoken language or culture, humans gesture when they talk. They gesture even if they have never seen gestures before people who have been blind since birth do it and they gesture even if theyre talking to someone on the phone and know no one can see them. When speech is interrupted, so is gesture. In fact, gesture is so tightly bound to language that differences between languages show up as differences in gesture. In other words, the way you package your thoughts into speech is also how you package them into movement.Researchers are especially interested in the times when gestures dont match speech. The mismatch can be a valuable window to whats going on in the mind. For example, until about 7 years of age, children dont understand that if you pour a tall glass of water into a shorter, wider glass, the amount of water stays the same. They think the shorter glass contains less water. When asked to explain their reasoning, some children will say, “This one is shorter，” while gesturing that the glass is wider. That discrepancy (矛盾) shows they subconsciously grasp that both dimensions are important.When we speak, we put our thoughts into words, and when we gesture, we put our thoughts into our hands. But gestures dont just show what were thinking they actually help us think. Toddlers (初学走路的孩子) who are encouraged to gesture tend to start producing more words. Adults involved in various problemsolving tasks do better when they are encouraged to gesture. Putting ideas into motions brings us closer to grasping what we need to grasp.5Which can best replace the underlined word “queer” in Paragraph 1?AStrange. BTerrible.CBoring. DFunny.解析：选A词义猜测题。由下文那位女士做手势、讲话、翻译的情节及段末的“that moment of confusion”可推断，那位女士的表现很奇怪。6What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?ANewborn babies dont gesture.BGesture and language are closely related.CBabies learn to gesture from their parents.DPeople gesture when they talk face to face.解析：选B段落大意题。由第二段中的“how movements are tied to speech”及“gesture is so tightly bound to language that”以及所举例子可推断，本段主要是说手势和语言是紧密联系的。7Through kids gestures in the example of glasses, researchers know _.Akids often ignore glasses shapesBkids under 7 are not good at gesturingCkids prefer taller glasses to shorter onesDkids can realize the importance of glasses widths解析：选D细节理解题。由第三段末的“while gesturing that the glass is wider . both dimensions are important”可知，通过孩子们的手势可以知道他们能够意识到玻璃容器宽度的重要性。8Gesturing makes people _.Amore persuasiveBget distracted more easilyCfeel discouraged while talkingDthink and express more effectively解析：选D推理判断题。由最后一段可知，被鼓励做手势的孩子表达能力会比较强；成年人做手势可以帮助思考进而解决问题。据此可推断，做手势帮助人们更有效地思考和表达。CCamp FriendshipJoin our summer Camp Friendship 2018.Who: Children age 314 who need to work on social, communication, and friendship skills.What: A superfun summer program with tons of indoor & outdoor playtime, games, arts & crafts, water play, sports, and more！Kids will also work on school preparedness skills such as following the timetable, working with a group, waiting nicely, etc.Where: 210 East Broad Street in Falls Church, VA!When: Hours are 9 am3 pm; aftercare is provided (for an additional cost) from 35 pm.Session (期) 1: July 1014 & 1721Session 2: July 2428 & July 31Aug 4Why: Making friends isnt always easy！At our program, kids will have tons of fun working on friendship skills while doing all kinds of fun camplike activities.Children who apply should be both verbal and conversational.We always have at least a 14 adult to child ratio (比率)Children under age 6 as of July 10, 2018 may attend no more than 2 consecutive (连续的) weeks of camp. How to sign up：1)Complete the application form.2)We will contact you to set up a “get to know you” intake playdate (for younger kids) or meet and greet (for older kids) with other applicants.You may choose preferred dates on the application form.3)Attend the intake with your child.*There is a $120 fee for the meeting, during which we will find if our program is a good fit for your child and develop goals for him/her to work on while at camp.After each intake playdate, we will inform you of our decision either during the intake or within one week of the date you attend.If your child is accepted, you must then place your deposit (订金) to reserve your childs spot.Tuition：1 session (2 weeks)$1 4002 sessions (4 weeks)$2 800Aftercare (3pm5pm)：$100/per week/per child*You can enjoy a 5% discount when registering (登记)/paying for two sessions at the same time.Things to bring：Lunch, water bottle, change of clothes, sunscreen, bathing suit and towel.9Whats special about the camp?AIt runs 6 hours a day.BIt is mainly for kids under 6.CIt builds campers social skills.DIt focuses on outdoor activities.解析：选C细节理解题。根据Who部分的“who need to work on social, communication, and friendship skills”可知，该夏令营可以帮助孩子提高社交技能。10What should parents do before attending the intake?ACall the staff. BMeet other kids.CPay some fees. DPut down a deposit.解析：选C细节理解题。根据How to sign up部分的“Attend the intake with your child.”和“*There is a $120 fee for the meeting”可知，家长需要交一定的费用。11How much will you be charged for one session?A$1 330. B$1 400.C$2 660. D$2 800.解析：选B细节理解题。根据Tuition部分的“1 session (2 weeks)$1 400”和“*You can enjoy a 5% discount when registering/paying for two sessions at the same time.”可知，参加两周的活动价格上没有优惠，仍应付$1 400。.阅读七选五How to develop a healthy lifestyle in high schoolHigh school is a time known for teenagers spreading their wings and developing their minds._1_ Therefore, it is necessary for teenagers to develop a healthy lifestyle.Follow the tips below to live a healthy lifestyle._2_With studying and homework, high school students stay up late and still make it to early class.To function properly, your body and mind need at least eight hours of sleep each night.Go to sleep early enough to get your full requirement (需求), and encourage your roommates to respect your need for enough sleep.Eat a wellbalanced diet.High school students may live on a diet of junk food and drinks._3_If you have the benefit of a meal plan in the high school canteen, make good use of the salad bar and watch out for treats such as ice cream