2018_2019学年高中英语Unit21HumanBiologySectionⅥ（自修课）Writing—正反观点式议论文学案.docx

Section (自修课) Writing正反观点式议论文正反观点式议论文属于说理性议论文，它是对某个议论对象提出见解或主张并说明理由，使读者信服的文章。作者通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非来确定其观点的正误，支持或否定某种主张，从而达到让读者信服或接受其观点或看法的目的。一、写作要领正反观点式议论文的写法与一般议论文的写法相同。一般包括以下三条：1在开头提出议题，也就是提出论点。议题的提出要开门见山，不要拖泥带水。并且开头句往往是主题句。2议论时要有充分的论据，作者可以运用列举事实、展示数据、提供事例、借助常识或利用亲身经历的方法。正文部分是写作的重点，论证方法可用归纳法、推理法、比较法等。3在结论部分发表作者自己的观点。作者的观点必须鲜明，不能模棱两可。议论文写作一般分为四步，称为四步法。第一步：介绍话题；第二步：从正方辩论；第三步：从反方辩论；第四步：发表自己的观点。二、增分佳句1It is well known that .2Everyone knows that .3Some people think that .4It seems obvious that .5Secondly, some people are in favour of the idea of doing .6They point out the fact that .7They consider it . to do .8However, other people stand on a different ground.9People hold different views/ideas about .10First/Firstly, second/secondly, third/thirdly, finally, then, next, in addition, furthermore, besides, whats more11Opinions are mainly divided into two groups.12In my opinion/view .13As far as I know .14As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea .题目要求近年来禁烟的话题引起了人们的广泛关注，请根据以下提示，写一篇100词左右的短文，并表明自己“支持禁烟”的观点。支持禁烟者反对禁烟者1.禁烟可避免多种疾病，增强体质；2政府能节约大量因治疗由吸烟引起的疾病而花费的资金；3禁烟有助于精神文明建设，提高人口素质。1.吸烟有助于工作，能给吸烟者带来放松的感觉；2吸烟能增加政府的烟税收入。你的观点第一步：审题构思很关键一、审题1确定体裁：本文为议论文；2确定人称：本文主要人称应为第三人称；3确定时态：本文主要时态为一般现在时。二、构思第一步：介绍话题，提出论点。第二步：从正方辩论。给出实例，证明论点。第三步：从反方辩论。给出实例，证明论点。第四步：发表自己的观点。第二步：核心词汇想周全1across_the_country/all_over_the_country在全国范围内2at_present/at_the_moment/now/currently 目前3in_favour_of/approve_of/in_support_of/agree_with 支持，赞成4be_against/be_opposed_to/object_to 反对5spiritual_civilization 精神文明6population_quality 人口素质7a_sense_of_relaxation 放松的感觉8be_harmful_to 对有害9as_is_known_to_all/as_everyone_knows 众所周知第三步：由词扩句雏形现1中国政府已决定在全国范围内禁止在公共场所吸烟。(主谓宾)Chinese_government_has_decided_to_ban_smoking_in_public_places_across_the_country.2但是目前对于是否应该禁烟仍有许多争论。(含有宾语从句的复合句)But_at_present_there_are_still_a_lot_of_discussions_about_whether_smoking_should_be_banned.3支持戒烟的人认为禁烟能避免很多疾病。(定语从句；宾语从句)People_who_are_in_favour_of_banning_smoking_think_that_no_smoking_avoids_many_kinds_of_diseases.4禁烟能增强人们的体质。(主谓宾)Banning_smoking_can_improve_peoples_health.5禁烟能帮助政府节约大量因治疗由吸烟引起的疾病而花费的资金。(主语谓语宾语宾补)Banning_smoking_will_help_our_government_save_a_lot_of_money_from_the_cost_of_curing_the_diseases_caused_by_smoking.6禁烟有助于精神文明建设，提高人口素质。(主谓宾)Banning_smoking_can_help_construct_spiritual_civilization_and_improve_the_population_quality.7一些人反对戒烟。(主系表)Others_are_against_banning_smoking.8他们认为吸烟有助于工作，能给吸烟者带来放松的感觉。(宾语从句)They_think_that_smoking_can_help_people_do_well_in_their_work,_and_bring_them_a_sense_of_relaxation.9吸烟能增加政府的烟税收入。Smoking_can_bring_the_government_a_lot_of_money.第四步：句式升级造亮点1用not only .but also .连接句3、4People_who_are_in_favour_of_banning_smoking_think_that_no_smoking_not_only_avoids_many_kinds_of_diseases_but_also_can_improve_peoples_health.2用who引导的定语从句连接句7、8Others_who_are_against_banning_smoking_think_that_smoking_can_help_people_do_well_in_their_work,_and_bring_them_a_sense_of_relaxation.第五步：过渡衔接联成篇Chinese_government_has_decided_to_ban_smoking_in_public_places_across_the_country._But_at_present_there_are_still_a_lot_of_discussions_about_whether_smoking_should_be_banned.People_who_are_in_favour_of_banning_smoking_think_that_no_smoking_not_only_avoids_many_kinds_of_diseases,_but_also_can_improve_peoples_health.Banning_smoking_will_help_our_government_save_a_lot_of_money_from_the_cost_of_curing_the_diseases_caused_by_smoking._Besides,_banning_smoking_can_help_construct_spiritual_civilization_and_improve_the_population_quality.Others_who_are_against_banning_smoking_think_that_smoking_can_help_people_do_well_in_their_work,_and_bring_them_