2020版高考英语复习课时作业（十九）（含解析）.docx

课时作业(十九)课时练(一)阅读理解提速练练速度(限时：35分钟)阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2019东北三省四市模拟MoonshakerGV ChillingsworthSoftcover 9781466906358Price: $ 14.5Pages: 186When space plans to harm the world, scientists develop a satellite to save it. However, not everyone wishes for change, and conflicts lead to a new fight, a long way from home. The crew must now work together in order to get back.The War Around UsWolfgang Peter MaySoftcover 9781426921452Price: $ 25.99Pages: 460www._trafford._comAs a young child, Wolfgang Peter May fled from his home in Breslau, Germany during World Warand witnessed the destruction of Dresden. He eventually joined the US Army. In The War Around Us, May explores and debates many faces of war and delivers a hardhitting, firstperson look at the true face of war.The Old Man and the SeaErnest HemingwayHardcover 9780684830490Price: $ 14.99Pages: 132The Old Man and the Sea is a short novel written by Ernest Hemingway in 1951. It won him the Nobel Prize for Literature and tells the story of Santiago, an aged Cuban fisherman who struggles with a giant fish far out in the Gulf Stream off the coast of Cuba. Although the book is only two hours worth of reading, this delightful tale will remain in your memory for years to come.Little WomenLouisa May AlcottSoftcover: 9780553212754Price: $ 4.99Pages：560www._Little Women is a novel by American author Louisa May Alcott (18321888), which was originally published in two volumes in 1868 and 1869. Alcott wrote the books over several months at the request of her publisher. Following the lives of the four March sisters Meg, Jo, Beth and Amy the novel details their passage from childhood to womanhood and is loosely based on the author and her three sisters.Order these books online and you can save 20% off your total purchase on orders over $ 15.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本书的作者、价格以及内容梗概。【亮点句积累】The crew must now work together in order to get back. (Moonsharker部分)译文：为了回去，全体人员必须同心协力。【词汇积累】witness v目睹，见证hardhitting adj.直言不讳的，单刀直入的delightful adj.令人愉快的purchase n购买；购买的东西1If you are interested in science fiction, which book will you choose to read?AMoonsharker.BThe War Around Us.CThe Old Man and the Sea.DLittle Women. 答案与解析：A考查细节理解。关键句：When space plans to harm the world, scientists develop a satellite to save it. (Moonshaker部分)译文：当太空计划危害世界的时候，科学家们研发了一颗卫星来拯救世界。根据关键句和该部分内容梗概可知，Moonshaker是一本科幻小说，如果你对科幻小说感兴趣，可以选择这本书。故A项正确。2Hou much does it cost to order The War Around Us online?A$ 14.99.B$ 25.99.C$ 20.79. D$ 23.79. 答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据The War Around Us部分内容可知，该书的售价是25.99美元；根据文章最后一句“Order these books online and you can save 20% off your total purchase on orders over $ 15.”可知，在网上订购这些书籍，订单超过15美元，所购的全部书籍便宜20%。故在网上购买这本书要花25.99(120%)20.792。故C项正确。3Whose book tells a story set in Cuba?AErnest Hemingways.BWolfgang Peter Mays.CGV Chillingsworths.DLouisa May Alcotts. 答案与解析：A考查细节理解。关键句1：The Old Man and the Sea is a short novel written by Ernest Hemingway in 1951. (The Old Man and the Sea部分)译文：老人与海是Ernest Hemingway在1951年写的一本短篇小说。关键句2：It won him the Nobel Prize for Literature and tells the story of Santiago, an aged Cuban fisherman who struggles with a giant fish far out in the Gulf Stream off the coast of Cuba. (The Old Man and the Sea部分)译文：这本书让他获得了诺贝尔文学奖。此书讲述了一位年迈的古巴渔民Santiago的故事，他在远离古巴海岸的墨西哥湾流中与一条大鱼搏斗。根据关键句可知，老人与海的故事发生在古巴，其作者是Ernest Hemingway。故A项正确。B2019湖南衡阳联考Carrie Gracie is knowledgeable about China and its affairs. She also has a reputation as a generous colleague. She has resigned from her job as China editor because her employers will not pay her at the same rate as they pay the handful of men who do a similarly challenging and important job. She has resigned because she refused to go on colluding (共谋) with the BBCs dishonesty about its failure to give women and men equal pay for equal work.Gracie was recruited to the job, because she had all the talent and skills the BBC needed to cover the difficult international and domestic story of the rise of China. One of the conditions she set for taking it was equal pay with the BBCs other international editors, familiar names including Jon Sopel in Washington and Jeremy Bowen in the Middle East.Last summer, the government forced the BBC to publish which of the familiar names on radio and TV earned over 150,000. The results exposed an astonishing pay gap. They also showed Gracie that her employers had misled her.Gracie sets out all her efforts to get her bosses to do what they had originally promised her, but they fail to respond adequately. Instead, they prevaricate (搪塞) and offer her a pay rise that still would not have delivered equality. They thought they could buy her off; they thought that the reputational hazard she was running would scare her away from the fight.The BBC is wrong this time! Gracie has chosen to resign rather than give in because she thinks that it is her responsibility to stop the BBC doing something stupid. She is fighting for womens legal rights.Gracie said she hoped she wouldnt be remembered as the woman who complained about money, but as a great journalist. She is proving that they are two sides of the same invaluable coin.Carrie Gracies dispute with the BBC isnt about money its about dignity!【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述Carrie Gracie作为中国编辑对中国及其事务了如指掌。由于她没有与男性同工同酬，便辞职了，她想要为女性争取应得的合法权益。【亮点句积累】They also showed Gracie that her employers had misled her. (第三段最后一句)译文：他们还向Gracie表示，她的雇主误导了她。【词汇积累】reputation n名声generous adj.慷慨的challenging adj.挑战性的resign v辞职4What do you know about Carrie Gracie?AShe is very strict with her office colleagues.BShe has a good command of Chinas affairs.CShe was working together with Jon Sopel.DShe has a reputation of covering sports news.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。关键句：Carrie Gracie is knowledgeable about China and its affairs.(第一段第一句)译文：Garrie Gracie对中国及其事务了如指掌。根据关键句可知，Carrie Gracie对中国事务了如指掌。故正确答案为B。5What does Carrie Gracie demand of the BBC?AEqual pay for equal work.BBetter pay for more work.CApology for misconducts.DResponse to her complaint.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第一段第三、四句“She has resigned from her job as China editor because her employers will not pay her at the same rate as they pay the handful of men who do a similarly challenging and important job. She has resigned because she refused to go on colluding(共谋)with the BBCs dishonesty about its failure to give women and men equal pay for equal work.”可推断，Carrie Gracie要求BBC同工同酬。故正确答案为A。6We can infer that the BBC _.Adidnt promise Gracie equal pay with her male colleaguesBdismissed Carrie Gracie due to her demand for higher pay Cwas forced to pay Gracie equal pay for doing the equal workDkept the pay of its familiar names secret before last summer答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第三段第一、二句“Last summer , the government forced the BBC to publish which of the familiar names on radio and TV earned over 150,000. The results exposed an astonishing pay gap.”可推断，在去年夏天之前，BBC对于那些广播和电视上所熟悉的人的薪酬是保密的。故正确答案为D。7What is the authors attitude towards the BBC?APositive. B. Vague.CCritical. D. Cautious.答案与解析：C考查观点态度。关键句：The BBC is wrong this time! (第五段第一句)译文：BBC这次错了！Carrie Gracies dispute with the BBC isnt about money its about dignity! (最后一段)译文：Carrie Gracie与BBC的争执无关金钱，而是关乎尊严！根据关键句可推断，作者对BBC持批评态度。故正确答案为C。C2019福州质量检测With the everincreasing popularity of online shopping, users reviews are becoming more and more important. Given that you cant actually touch, see, smell or hear the product youre buying online, these reviews provide buyers valuable information on the product itself. But how far can you trust them?Barnaby Bicken had an unpleasant experience. “I took some friends to a restaurant in Manchester that had excellent review on a food website. However, the service was awful and we were ignored most of the time. Later, I wrote a review to the same site only to be told that the review site owner would not accept any bad reviews only the good ones.”So, how can you get a useful review? Web expert Hilary Saunders has a few top tips. If there are only a few reviews of a place, there is a good chance they have been planted by friends or enemies. If there are many reviews, start by dropping the most extreme comments. Also, watch out for similarities in style between reviews from people with different usernames, particularly if those reviews were placed about the same time. The best thing is to look for reviewers who show some relevant knowledge of the product they are reviewing.Some companies seem to be contributing to the problem. A publishing house offered gift vouchers (礼券) to anyone who would give their textbook a fivestar review. But not all online companies operate like this. “Amazon works hard to keep the completeness of its customer reviews，” said a spokesperson for the company. “We have very clear guidelines, and when a customer reports a review that they feel is inappropriate, we check, and may take it down.”So, next time you see that 5star review for something you want to buy, be aware it could be the work of a false reviewer!【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。随着网络购物的日益普及，用户评论变得越来越重要。很多人在购物前会先阅读用户评论，但是有些评论是不真实的，因此要仔细辨析，以免上当。【长难句分析】A publishing house offered gift vouchers (礼券) to anyone who would give their textbook a fivestar review. (倒数第二段第二句)分析：who would give their textbook a fivestar review是定语从句，修饰和限制先行词anyone。译文：一个出版社为给他们教材五星级好评的任何人提供礼券。【词汇积累】awful adj.糟糕的；可怕的comment n评论relevant adj.相关的，有关的completeness n完整性inappropriate adj.不合适的，不恰当的8What does “them” in Para. 1 refer to?AProducts. BUsers.C. Reviews. DBuyers.答案与解析：C考查指代判断。关键句：Given that you cant actually touch, see, smell or hear the product youre buying online, these reviews provide buyers valuable information on the product itself.(第一段第二句)译文：鉴于你不能真正接触、看到、闻到或听到你将在网上购买的产品，这些评论为购买者提供了关于产品本身的有价值的信息。根据关键句可知，代词“them”指代前一句中的“these reviews”，即评论。故选C。9What does Barnaby Bickens story imply?AThe food served was awful.BNot all reviews are believable.C.Many people are easily cheated.DHe likes to write bad reviews.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。关键句：Later, I wrote a review to the same site only to be told that the review site owner would not accept any bad reviews only the good ones.(第二段最后一句)译文：后来，我给同一个网站写了一篇评论，结果被告知这个评论网站的管理者不会接受坏的评论，只接受好的评论。根据关键句以及Barnaby Bicken的就餐经历可推知，并非所有的评论都可信。故选B。10What reviews of products are useful?AThose by competitors.BThose by different users.CThose with good comments.DThose with related information.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。关键句：The best thing is to look for reviewers who show some relevant knowledge of the product they are reviewing. (第三段最后一句)译文：最好的办法是找那些对他们自己正在评论的产品有相关知识的评论者。根据关键句可知，那些有着相关信息的产品评论很有用。故选D。11How does Amazon deal with the customer reviews?AIt helps to finish the reviews.BIt pays attention to the bad reviews.CIt offers gifts for the good reviews.D. It tries to make the reviews objective.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。关键句：We have very clear guidelines, and when a customer reports a review that they feel is inappropriate, we check, and may take it down. (倒数第二段最后一句)译文：我们有非常明确的指导方针，当客户上传了他们感觉不合适的评论时，我们会查看，并可能把它记下来。根据关键句及倒数第二段可推知，亚马逊努力监管这些评论，力图保证其客观性。故选D。DAs an Asian country, Singapore has a reputation for being highly westernized, with English among the countrys four official languages, but a couple of signs found on local buses that have recently become a hit online may say otherwise.Quite different from the English we know, the signs read, for example, “Here cannot go in” instead of “No Entry”， and “Here can charge phone” instead of “Charge phone here”This language that resembles English is called Singaporean English, or “Singlish”The New York Times calls Singlish “patchwork” because Singapore consists of migrants (移民) from several countries including China, India and Malaysia, and they all speak their own versions of “English”“Everyone who speaks it shapes it，” wrote the newspaper.For example, in Singlish you can easily recognize influences from Chinese, including vocabulary such as “Mee Siam” and “da bao”. Sentence structures like “toilet where” instead of “wheres the toilet” also come from Chinese.Interesting and diverse as it may seem, the trend for Singlish is worrying Singapores government. It is concerned that the dialect is lowering the countrys English standard and may affect its relationship with visitors. It even started the Speak Good English Movement.Unfortunately, the problem was not solved. Instead, Singlish has boomed, especially among young people who think of it as a sign of being cool and a way of identifying themselves as Singaporean.But this doesnt mean that Standard English is being abandoned by young people. In fact, they are much more capable than the government gives credit they can speak both.“We are a nation good at codeswitching we know that the way we speak to friends or drivers must be different from how we act at work or school，” wrote Cheryl, a Singaporean author, in Time magazine. “To actively urge us to give up a language that speaks to the very heart of who we are, that so beautifully represents the melting pot of Chinese, Indians, Malaysians and Eurasians that we are, is shortsighted, surely.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“新加坡式英语”的形成以及政府和年轻人对此的态度。【长难句分析】Interesting and diverse as it may seem, the trend for Singlish is worrying Singapores government. (第七段第一句)分析：本句是一个主从复合句。as引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，从句使用了倒装语序，表语提前。Paraphrase/英英释义：Although Singlish looks interesting and diverse, Singapores government is still worried about this trend.【词汇积累】standard n标准，水平boom v繁荣，迅速发展abandon v遗弃，抛弃consist of由组成have a reputation for 享有的声誉12Why does Singapore have many different versions of English?AIt is made up of migrants.BIt is highly westernized.CIt is influenced by Chinese.DIt is affected by official languages.答案与解析：A考查细节理解。关键句：The New York Times calls Singlish “patchwork” because Singapore consists of migrants (移民) from several countries including China, India and Malaysia, and they all speak their own versions of “English”. (第四段)译文：纽约时报将新加坡式英语称为“拼凑品”，因为新加坡有很多来自中国、印度和马来西亚等多个国家的移民，他们都说着自己版本的“英语”。 根据关键句可知，因为新加坡有很多来自中国、印度和马来西亚等多个国家的移民，所以它有多种不同版本的英语。故选A。13What is the purpose of starting the Speak Good English Movement?ATo stop the new trend.BTo better the relationship.CTo keep the English standard.DTo give the government credit.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。关键句：It is concerned that the dialect is lowering the countrys English standard and may affect its relationship with visitors. (第七段倒数第二句)译文：(新加坡政府)担心这种方言正在降低国家的英语水平，而且或许会影响到和参观者之间的关系。根据关键句可知，新加坡政府发起这项运动的目的是保持自己国家的英语水平。故选C。14What do the young people think of Singlish?AIts interesting.B. Its their identity.CIts a sign of status.DIts a way of codeswitching.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。关键句：Instead, Singlish has boomed, especially among young people who think of it as a sign of being cool and a way of identifying themselves as Singaporean. (第八段第二句)译文：相反，新加坡式英语繁荣发展，尤其是在年轻人当中，他们认为它是一种很酷的标志，而且它还是证明他们自己是新加坡人的一种方式。根据关键句可知，年轻人认为新加坡式英语很酷，而且还能代表他们的身份。故选B。15What can we learn from what Cheryl said?ADifferent people speak different styles of Singlish.BSinglish is a more beautiful language than others.CPeople speak Singlish only to friends and drivers.DPeople can use Singlish to express themselves well.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。关键句：“We are a nation good at codeswitching we know that the way we speak to friends or drivers must be different from how we act at work or school，”. (最后一段第一句)译文：“我们是一个擅长语码转换的国家你们知道和朋友或者司机说话的方式一定不同于在工作中或者学校里的表现方式，”根据关键句以及对最后一段的理解可推知，新加坡人可以用新加坡式英语很好地表达自己。故选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2019陕西检测一 Business owners are often buried in some demands and “duties”. So, learning to say “No” and focus on the right things is very important. Vickie Milazzo, a very successful businessman and author, has some useful advice. Use your time wisely. _1_ You have to work hard at them every day, sometimes in very small steps. Remember, Rome wasnt built in a day. Dont try to make everything perfect. Sometimes success may not look like what you expected. _2_ If you are flexible and can adjust your goals, they are often easier to achieve. _3_ You cannot learn much from someone else who is struggling to achieve the same goal as you are. Therefore, look around for who have achieved what you want. Model yourself after them. Keep it fresh. _4_ Recall your reasons to enter the business. Finding that desire again will often renew your energy. Finally, give yourself a break. If you stepped back and looked at your daily routine calmly, as if it were happening to your best friend, what would your advice be? Would it be: Slow down? _5_ Or spend a few moments enjoying the day?AFind successful people to learn and imitate.BTake a few deep breaths?CPut all the eggs in one basket.DSo, you should adjust your goals when necessary.EDo you remember why you chose your career?FQuit and set a new one for you.GYou cant achieve big goals overnight.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一位成功的商人和作家Vickie Milazzo就如何做一个高效的企业负责人提出了几个建议。1答案与解析：G根据该段的主题句“Use your time wisely”可知，该段主要论述“要合理安排时间”；结合空处后一句“You have to work hard at them every day, sometimes in very small steps”可知，你每天都要努力工作，有时可能仅进步一点点。据此可知，你不可能一夜之间就实现大目标，故G项正确。2答案与解析：D根据空处后一句“If you are flexible and can adjust your goals, they are often easier to achieve”可知，如果你能灵活机动地调整目标，就能更加容易实现目标。据此可知，在必要时你要调整目标，故D项正确。3答案与解析：A根据空处位置可知，该空为该段的主题句。由该段最后两句“Therefore, look around for who have achieved what you want. Model yourself after them”可知，该段主要论述了“找一个成功人士学习并模仿”的建议，故A项正确。4答案与解析：E根据空前