2020版高考英语复习课时作业（十六）（含解析）北师大版.docx

课时作业(十六)授课提示：对应学生用书第315页课时练(一)阅读理解提速练练速度(限时：35分钟)阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2019广州综合测试Zoo Exhibit GameEach animal exhibit will have information about the animals located there. You will get to learn about each animals habitat, their conservation status and some other facts. As you explore the zoo, check off all the endangered animals you discover from the list below. Find them all and win a free Tshirt.Mountain GorillaChinese AlligatorSnow LeopardWhiteWinged Wood DuckRed PandaGiant TurtleKoalaTree KangarooRed WolfTiger SnakeAfrican Wild DogGiant AnteaterZoo MannersThe zoo is a smokefree area. No balloons, balls, bikes, or roller skates allowed. Pets are not allowed excepting guide dogs for blind people. Stay on the pathways and do not place children on the railings. Do not throw anything into the animal exhibits. Please help our conservation efforts by depositing trash and recyclables properly.Lost PersonsIf separated from your group, ask any zoo employee or security guard for immediate assistance, or go directly to the Administration Building reception desk.Facilities and ServicesEnjoy a delicious meal at one of our two animalthemed caf restaurants. Our Visitor Centre offers cards, books and toys so you can always remember your day at the zoo. There is also an hourly animal presentation near the Main Entrance where you can learn more about the animals, pet them and even take a picture with them.Thank you for visiting. Your visit helps support the care of the animals.【语篇解读】本篇文章主要对一家动物园进行了简单的介绍。【长难句分析】There is also an hourly animal presentation near the Main Entrance where you can learn more about the animals, pet them and even take a picture with them.分析：本句包含一个定语从句。where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词animal presentation。译文：在(动物园)正门附近，每小时还有一个动物展览，在那里你可以对动物有更多的了解，爱抚动物，甚至和它们合影。1How can a person get a free Tshirt at the zoo?A. Follow all the zoo rules.B. Visit all the zoos exhibits.C. Bring along another guest.D. Identify all the animals in danger in the list.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第一部分Zoo Exhibit Game中的“As you explore the zoo, check off all the endangered animals you discover from the list below.Find them all and win a free Tshirt”并结合题干可知，免费得到Tshirt的条件是能够在动物园中找出表中所列的所有的濒危动物，故选D。2Where should a lost person go for help?A. The Main Entrance.B. The Visitor Centre.C. The Administration Building.D. The Nursing Centre.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据Lost Persons部分中的“If separated from your group, ask any zoo employee or security guard for immediate assistance, or go directly to the Administration Building reception desk”可知，一个人迷路了可以向动物园的职员、保安或者行政大楼接待处寻求帮助，故选C。3Which of the following is allowed at the zoo?A. Riding your bike.B. Taking your camera.C. Feeding the animals.D. Smoking cigarettes.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据Facilities and Services部分中的第三句“There is also an hourly animal presentation near the Main Entrance where you can learn more about the animals, pet them and even take a picture with them”可知，参观动物园时是可以携带相机的，故选B。【干扰项分析】A项与Zoo Manners部分中的第二句“No balloons, balls, bikes, or roller skates allowed”表达的意思不符；C项在文中并没有信息支持；D项与Zoo Manners部分中的第一句“The zoo is a smokefree area”表达的意思不符，故排除。B2019银川质量检测 Recently I accepted a challenge to join Naasih, a motivational speaker, on a voyage through India designed to refresh my spirit. After too many hours, Nassih and I arrived in the slum (贫民窟) just as the sun was breaking across the smoggy Delhi sky. It seemed as if the small houses extended for miles, an ocean of tin roofs and laundry lines. Finally, Naasih stopped and turned to me. “Give me your bag，” he said. I handed it to him. I had promised to follow his directions, and in return, I was hoping to find whatever I thought was missing from my life. “I will meet you back here at sunset，” Naasih said and walked away. I began to walk through the streets. No one paid too much attention to the tall, hairless man walking among them. My throat was dry, my stomach turning over with hunger. And then I saw a small house and I knocked softly on the door. A young, skinny man, no older than 25, came to answer it. As I soon found out, the man is named Sankar and he was a Lakers fan. I also learned that he was a recently graduated university student who had left his family to go after a dream of success in the big city. Instead, he had found work in the back of a restaurant. After lunch, Sankar took me to play basketball with a group of children in a trashfilled field down the road. The sun was beginning to fall as the laughter of the basket games echoed (发出回声) through the slum. I was so caught up in my day with Sankar. I had started the morning in fear and exhaustion, but I was ending the day connected to something much larger. After the game, Sankar and I walked to Rata Road. There stood Naasih. He said, “Youre shining, Leon.” I had been knocked entirely out of my comfort zone, and I felt that wild burst of life that had been missing from my own.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的一次旅行。【长难句分析】I also learned that he was a recently graduated university student who had left his family to go after a dream of success in the big city. 分析：本句包含that引导的宾语从句；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词a recently graduated university student，并在从句中作主语。译文：我还了解到，他是一名刚毕业的大学生，为了追逐在大城市取得成功的梦想，他离开了自己的家。4Why did the author come to Sankars home?ATo play a game with him.BTo respond to Naasihs request.CTo relieve his hunger and thirst.DTo learn how disadvantaged people live.答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“My throat was dry, my stomach turning over with hunger. And then I saw a small house and I knocked softly on the door”可推知，作者来到Sankar家的原因是为了缓解他的饥渴。5What can we learn about Sankar?AHe didnt live as he dreamed.BHe found a good job in the city.CHe studied cooking in university.DHe had a great talent for basketball.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“I also learned that he was a recently graduated university student who had left his family to go after a dream of success in the big city. Instead, he had found work in the back of a restaurant”可推知，Sankar并没有像他梦想的那样生活。6What does Naasih mean by saying “Youre shining, Leon” in the last paragraph?ALeon is an inspiration to him.BLeon has changed his state of mind.CLeon is popular among the children.DLeon is good at connecting with others.答案与解析：B考查句意理解。根据最后一段中的“I had been knocked entirely out of my comfort zone, and I felt that wild burst of life that had been missing from my own”可知，作者被完全地从舒适区中撞了出来，感受到了自己的生活中缺失的那种激情。由此可推知Leon改变了他的心态。另外，第一段中的“on a voyage through India designed to refresh my spirit”也是提示。7What is the best title of the passage?AA Chance to Make AcquaintancesBThe Power of Sports GamesCThe Pleasure from Indian SlumsDA Voyage of Finding the Self答案与解析：D考查主旨大意。根据全文内容尤其是第一段第一句“Recently I accepted a challenge to join Naasih, a motivational speaker, on a voyage through India designed to refresh my spirit” 可知，这篇文章的主旨是寻找自我的一次旅行。C2019泰安市复习质量检测 Honesty is the best policy. We may agree that admitting mistakes and behaving in a genuine way is the right way to lead our lives, but is there something in our human nature that makes us immoral? For example, in some shops and car parks you can find an honesty box a box where you pay for something by putting money in it but it relies on you putting the right amount of cash in. This relies on people being honest and not trying to cheat but it does provide a temptation to get away with not paying the full amount. Philip Graves, a psychologist, suggests that this temptation is part of our evolution. He says, “We have evolved with the ability to be dishonest. Its part of our evolutionary psychological makeup because if we can gain an advantage over the people around us, we have a greater chance of surviving.” So why do we place such importance on being honest if we benefit from being dishonest? Its because it is selfish behavior. If everybody acted selfishly and dishonestly all the time, the world would be a very unpleasant place. As Philip Graves says, “There is a balance to strike between the extent to which we can feather our own nest, so to speak, and the risk of being ostracized (排斥) by the group.” So, for societies to work together we need to trust each other and therefore we need to be honest. Being trustworthy with money is of course vital for an economy to survive. But being honest with words is another matter, saying what we think to someone can get us into hot water. However, a new anonymous messaging app has been designed that lets anyone with a link to your profile (简介) to send you a message without knowing who its from. The app now has 300 million users which perhaps indicates how honest we really like to be but in all honesty, do you want to know what people think about you? Is honesty always the best policy?【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。诚信在我们生活中很重要，可以说诚为上策，但是有时候说实话并不合适。【长难句分析】Its part of our evolutionary psychological makeup because if we can gain an advantage over the people around us, we have a greater chance of surviving. (第二段最后一句)分析：本句为复合句。because if we can gain an advantage over the people around us中的because引导的是原因状语从句；if引导条件状语从句。Paraphrase/英英释义：Being dishonest is a potential nature of human beings, which can help us to be more likely to survive.【词汇积累】immoral adj.不道德的temptation n诱惑evolution n进化anonymous adj.匿名的8What does an honesty box require people to do?AGet the change out of it freely.BPut the correct amount of money in it.CDonate the pocket money to others.DPay a larger amount of money.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。由第一段中的“For example, in some shops and car parks you can find an honesty box a box where you pay for something by putting money in it but it relies on you putting the right amount of cash in.” 可知，诚信箱需要人们自觉将正确数目的钱放进去。故正确答案为B。9According to Philip Graves, being dishonest _.Ais a disadvantageBshould be advocatedCis part of our evolutionDhelps people survive better答案与解析：C考查细节理解。该题问的是Philip Graves对不诚实的看法是什么。根据第二段内容可知，他认为不诚实是人类进化的一部分。故正确答案为C。10What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?AThe reason for being honest.BThe benefit of being dishonest.CThe outcome of selfishness.DThe importance of group work.答案与解析：A考查段落大意。该题问的是第三段主要讲述的是什么。根据第三段第一句并结合第三段内容可判断出，本段主要是分析了人们重视诚实的原因。故正确答案为A。11What can we infer from the text?AHonesty is always the best policy.BThe author is in favor of dishonesty.CThe market of the new app is promising.DBeing honest with words is sometimes improper.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。由最后一段中的“But being honest with words is another matter; saying what we think to someone can get us into hot water.”推断出，说实话有时候是不合适的。故正确答案为D。D2019郑州质量预测 Though not as much as in the past, grandparents are the teachers of the Navajo (纳瓦霍人) youth. They make young people aware of life at an early age. The parents allow them the privilege of teaching the children, and the grandparents take great pride in raising them. Young children often stay with their grandparents for years at a time, developing a close and trusting relationship. The grandparents teach them Navajo legends and the principle of life, emphasizing both new culture trends and the preservation of traditions. The grandparents are also the leading figures in teaching the youth the arts of weaving, caring for the livestock, using herbal medicine, and other arts and crafts. The children are taught to respect their elders, care for them, help them and learn from them. Young people are urged to listen with care to the words of their elders and keep as much wisdom as possible. Grandparents often go to social gatherings and traditional events, and young people have opportunities to learn more about their culture and traditions. I lived with my grandmother for thirteen years, and she raised me in the old ways of our people. Although I was going to school, she taught me as much as she could about our traditions. If I had a chance, I would listen again to her wise teachings, expressed with kindness in a soft voice that touched my heart. We used to plant corn and pumpkin every summer. They never grew big enough to feed us, but we planted them anyway. I asked my grandmother why. She said, “Grandson, our plants will be far more beautiful than the flowers outside the fence.” I didnt understand until one day I saw their beauty as I was coming over the hill with her. She said, “Anything that is a part of you is always far more beautiful than the things which you pass by.” We had some beautiful years together. Im glad she is a part of me and Im a part of her. Children used to be well disciplined, possessing more respect for culture, traditions and beliefs than they do now. The world of the Navajo has been influenced by the western world, and the grandparents have less control and influence than they used to. But the young people who have been touched by their teachings have glimpsed a way of life beyond what most people know today.【语篇解读】文章是风俗文化类说明文。作者介绍了纳瓦霍人的一种文化：由祖父母来教育孙子辈，让他们学到生活中的道理。【长难句分析】But the young people who have been touched by their teachings have glimpsed a way of life beyond what most people know today.分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句部分是the young people have glimpsed a way of life；关系代词who引导了一个定语从句，修饰先行词the young people，同时在从句中作主语；连接词what引导了一个宾语从句，作介词beyond的宾语，同时在从句中作谓语动词know的宾语。译文：但是接受过祖父母教育的年轻人，都会比现在大部分人对生活的理解更深。12What can be inferred from the first paragraph?AGrandparents are the source of traditional culture.BParents hate to take the trouble to raise their children.CEarly schooling isnt very popular with the young Navajo.DChildren learn about the meaning of life from their grandparents.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“They make young people aware of life at an early age”可知，祖父母们使年轻人在很小的时候就认识生活，所以答案是D。13The underlined word “figures” in Paragraph 3 probably means “_”ApersonsBpioneersCexamples Drepresentatives答案与解析：A考查词义猜测。根据下文的“in teaching. arts and crafts”可知，在教育年轻人编织技艺、照顾牲畜、使用草药以及其他手工艺方面，祖父母们还是“引导人”。14Why did the authors grandmother plant corn and pumpkin?AShe had to feed her family members.BShe tried to make full use of her garden.CShe wanted her grandson to learn a life lesson.DShe expected her grandson to learn about farming.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词“plant corn and pumpkin”定位到第六段。根据第六段内容可知，祖母种植玉米和南瓜是为了让作者明白一个生活的道理：你自己的一部分总是远比你路过的东西要美得多，所以答案是C。15What is the authors purpose in writing this passage?ATo honor his beloved grandmother.BTo stress the greatness of the Navajo.CTo share with readers a kind of Navajo culture.DTo show the influence of Navajo traditions.答案与解析：C考查写作意图。文章主要介绍了纳瓦霍人的一种文化：由祖父母们教育孙子辈，让他们认识生活，学到其中的道理，所以答案是C“与读者分享一种纳瓦霍人的文化”。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2019成都检测 Do you spend too much on coffee? Clothing? Eating out? Adding your spending craziness to a “donotbuy” list can keep money in your wallet, according to a writer Sarah Winfrey. A donotbuy list is a list of items youre not going to buy for a certain period of time, according to Winfrey. _1_. She has a few tips on how to create your own donotbuy list. _2_. Do you always have to have a coffee on your way to work? Are you always the first in line to buy the newest fashion? Understanding your needs will help you figure out which items should be on the top of your list. Track your spending. If you spend $6 a day on coffee, you probably already know what needs to go on your list. But if youre not sure, you may need to go through your bank statements to figure it out._3_. Dont cut yourself off completely. _4_， but only if its absolutely necessary. For example, if clothing is on your list but you need a new suit for a job interview, you should probably make an exception. _5_. When youve saved enough and youre ready to start shopping again, establish spending rules that will control impulse buying (即兴购买). For example, if you love coffee, make a rule that you can only buy one each day.AKnow your desireBHave some guidelinesCKeep track of your emotional stateDThe aim of it is to help you save moneyEIf the answer is yes, you need to stop doing soFIts OK to purchase something on your donotbuy listGDoing so will give you insight into habits you might not be aware of【语篇解读】你是否乱花钱？如果是的话，列一个“不买”的清单会让你省钱。如何建立一个“不买”的清单呢？本文提供了几点建议。【长难句分析】When youve saved enough and youre ready to start shopping again, establish spending rules that will control impulse buying (即兴购买)分析：这是一个复合句。When引导状语从句；主句是establish spending rules；that will control impulse buying是定语从句，先行词为rules。译文：当你省了足够的钱，再次准备开始购物时，(你一定要)建立一定的花钱规则来控制即兴购买(行为)。1答案与解析：D根据前一句中的“一个不买的清单是指你在一定时期不买的东西的清单”可知，D项“其目的是帮你省钱”承接上文，符合语境。故选D。2答案与解析：A本处选择段落主题句。根据本段所讲“理解了自身需要会帮你弄明白哪些东西应该被列到清单的顶端”可知，A项“知道自己的愿望”符合段落主题。故选A。3答案与解析：G本段讲述要了解你的花销。根据空前一句“但是如果你不确定自己的花费，你可能需要浏览一下你的银行结算单以弄清楚它”可知，G项“这么做会让你了解自己可能没意识到的习惯”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。4答案与解析：F本段讲的是“不要完全不买”，F项“你购买了不买清单上的东西也没事”与此内容相符，且与后一句“但是只有在确实有必要的时候(才行)”衔接自然。故选F。5答案与解析：B本处选择段落主题句。根据本段所讲“当你省了足够的钱，再次准备开始购物时，(你一定要)建立一定的花钱规则来控制即兴购买(行为)”可知，B项“有一些花钱准则”符合段落主题。故选B。课时练(二)英语知识运用板块练练准度(限时：30分钟)英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。2019石家庄检测One of the greatest concerts I ever attended never took place at all. Not quite, anyway.Instead, a violent _1_， which came pretty much out of nowhere on a summer night, left the Saratoga Performing Arts Center without electrical power. The _2_ storm hit just minutes before the Philadelphia Orchestra(管弦乐队) was about to take the _3_ along with a guest soloist, the violinist Sarah Chang.Fortyfive minutes later, the audience were still _4_， hoping power would be restored and the _5_ would get under wa