药物合成实验之环丙烷1,1-二元羧酸.ppt

环丙烷1，1-二元羧酸的制备,实验内容 Experiment content,To a 1L solution of 50% sodium hydroxide（氢氧化钠） ,mechanically stirred(机械搅拌) in a 2L,three necked flask（三颈烧瓶）,was added ,at 25。C，114.0g (0.5mol) of triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride（氯化铵）. 在装有磁力搅拌子的2L三颈烧瓶中加入1L50%的氢氧化钠溶液、114.0g的氯化铵在25。C条件下反应。 To this vigorously stirred suspension was added a mixture of 80.0 g (0.5mol) of diethyl malonate（丙二酸二乙酯） and 141g (0.75mol) of 1,2-dibromoethane（二溴乙烷） all at once . 在搅拌下立即加入80g的丙二酸二乙酯和141g的1,2-二溴乙烷.,The reaction mixture was vigorously stirred for 2 hours . The contents of the flask were transferred to a 4L Erlenmeyer flask（锥形瓶） by rinsing the flask with three portions (75ml each) of water. 在搅拌下反应两个小时。将烧瓶中的物质用水洗转移到4L的锥形瓶中，洗三次，每次用75ml的水。 The mixture was magnetically stirred by dropwise addition of 1L of concentrated hydrochloric acid（浓盐酸） . 在磁力搅拌下向混合液中逐滴加入1L的浓盐酸。 The temperature of the flask was maintained between15。C and 25。C during acidification（酸化） . 在酸化的过程中烧瓶的温度保持在15。C到25。C之间。,The aqueous layer（水层） was poured into a 4L separatory funnel（分液漏斗） and extracted（萃取） three times with 900ml of ether（乙醚）. 将酸化后的混合液倒入4L的分液漏斗中，用乙醚萃取三次，每次用量300ml。 The aqueous layer was saturated（饱和） with sodium chloride（氯化钠） and extracted three times with 500ml of ether.The ether layer were combined,washed with 1L of brine(浓盐水),drier(MgSO4),and decolorized（脱色） with activated carbon（活性炭）. 将萃取的水层用氯化钠饱和，然后在用500ml的乙醚萃取三次。乙醚层用1L的浓盐水洗，干燥，用活性炭脱色。,实验内容 Experiment content,Removal of solvent by rotary evaporation gave 55.2g of a semisolid residue（半固体残渣）.The residue was triturated（研磨） with 100ml of benzene（苯）.Filtration（过滤） of this mixture gave 43.1-47.9g (66%-73%) of cyclopropane 1,1-dicarboxylic acid as white crystals（白色结晶体）,m.p.137-140。C. 用旋转蒸发仪蒸发掉溶剂，得到55.2g的半固体残渣。残渣用100ml的苯研磨。然后过滤得到43.1-47.9g的白色结晶体环丙烷1,1-二元羧酸。（熔点为137-140。C）,反应式 Response equation,反应试剂： 丙二酸二乙酯、二溴乙烷、NaOH、NH4Cl、浓盐酸、乙醚、NaCl、苯 反应条件： 温度控制在1