新视野大学英语unit3.ppt

A Good Heart to Lean on,Unit 3,Background Information Words & Expressions Language Points Text Structure Analysis Exercises,Background Information,New York city consists of five boroughs:,Manhattan,Queens,Brooklyn,Staten Island,The Bronx,New YOrk City,1. Manhatta,Background Information,Manhattan is an island in New York Bay at the mouth of the Hudson River.It is the five boroughs that comprise the City of New York.It is also New York Citys business and cultural center.,Manhattan,2. Brooklyn,Background Information,Brooklyn is the most populous of the five boroughs of New York City and an industrial and international port area of the city. With about 2.5 million inhabitants, it would be the fourth largest city in the United States all by itself, were it a city.,Brooklyn,3. Ebbets Field is the stadium built by and named after Charlie Ebbets, the owner of the Brooklyn Dodgers baseball team. The first game played in this former home of the Brooklyn Dodgers took place in 1938.,Charlie Ebbets,4. Dodgers: The Dodgers, the name of a baseball team; the team originally played for Brooklyn but now it no longer plays for Brooklyn. For more information, visit /brookln2.htm,Words & Expressions,lean(title) adj. 贫乏的，瘦的 balance keep a balance between A and B 保持均衡 lose ones balance 失去平衡 disturb the balance of ones mind 心神不宁,severe a severe headache 剧烈的头疼 a severe punishment 严厉的惩罚 inward a. an inward movement 向内移动,cripple Clutural Notes: Whereas at one time it might have been acceptable to call a person a “cripple“ if injuries or deformities kept him from walking properly, it is no longer so. Nowadays we use the term handicapped person or disabled person/individual Some especially sensitive people prefer the terms: handi-capable person and specilly-abled person.,bother v. 打扰，麻烦 n. 费心 coordinate vt. 使协调 The plan was not very well coordinated. 那项计划协调得不好。 pace n. keep pace with 跟上，与.齐步并进 adjust (oneslf) to The body quickly adjusts itself to changes in temperature. 人体能很快自行调节以适应气温变化。,despite prep. in spite of 尽管，不管 They had a wonderful holiday despite the bad weather. 尽管天气不好, 他们的假日仍然过得很愉快。 even if although 即使，虽然 Well go tomorrow even if it rains. 即使下雨，我们明天也去。,cling vi. (clung, clung) . 坚持，忠于 cling to+宾语 He clung to his own idea. 他坚持自己的观点。 free of not containing something unpleasant What we need is a world free of war. 我们需要一个没有战争的世界。,amaze vt. Notice: if “be amazed“ is complemented by a how-clause, the preposition “at“ can be omitted: You would be amazed (at) how difficult the job was. 你要是知道那项任务有多难，你会大吃一惊的。,stress=emphasize “着重，强调“ vt. 后面直接跟宾语 n. lay/place/put stress on/upon 重视，强调 Grandmother put a great deal of stress on the importance of proper behavior. 祖母特别强调良好的行为举止。 He stressed the need of careful planning. 他强调要精心计划。,engage vi. engage in 参加，从事于 vt. be engaged to sb. 和某人订婚 be engaged to do sth. 被雇用 be engaged in doing sth.忙于 adjust to =adapt to,found itself without a manager. find oneself+ prep./V.-ing/V.-ed At dusk, they found themselves at a valley. 黄昏时，他们来到一个山谷。 I found myself agreeing with everything she said. 我发现她说什么我都同意。 They woke up to find themselves surrounded by water. 他们醒来时，发现被水包围了。,content adj. satisfied and happy满足的，满意的 be content to do be content with aid vt. give help or support 帮助，援助 computer-aided instruction/design(CAI/CAD) 计算机辅助教学/设计,urge vt. 竭力劝告；敦促 urge sb. to do sth. urge 之后的宾语从句需用虚拟语气 (should)+动词原形 I urge that he do his best. not does dive n. Taking a dive is becoming increasingly common in boxing. 假装被击倒在拳击比赛中越来越常见。,take a dive: agree to lose a fight or game dishonestly, especially a boxing match. 假装失败 This is a slang expression, often used as a metaphor,meaning “pretend defeat“,as it is used in this sentence. The phrase comes from professional boxing when one boxer is paid in secret by gamblers to lose, so the gamblers can win their bets.(赌注),reluctance adj. be reluctant to do worthy adj. be worthy of= be worth+n. regret vt. 后悔；遗憾 regret+n./v-ing/to do/that-clause regret to do 因.而感到悲哀或不开心 I regret to hear of your failure of the exam. regret doing 因.而后悔 I regret not revising my text.,complain v. 抱怨，诉苦 complain to sb. about/of sth. complain about /of doing sth.,Old to New,seriously begin a journey surprise exactly join help force make sure,severely start out amaze precisely engage in aid urge see to,Words and ExpressionsOld to New,Chinese to English,保持平衡 难堪 协调一致 缺勤 免受 使遭受 参加（活动） 开玩笑,keep ones balance embarrass coordinate miss free of subject to engage in/participate in. kid,Words and ExpressionsC to E,1. We went to see the exhibition _ the storm. A. but for B. in spite C. in spite of D. despite of 2. My camera can be _ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions. A. treated B. adjusted C. accepted D. suited,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,3. He leaned _ the view that we started off at once. A. towards B. over C. on D. upon 4. She always makes some _ over shortages and high prices. A. dislikes B. complaints C. troubles D. discontents,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,5. The manager assured the customer that his complaint would be seen _ immediately. A. on B. at C. to D. with,6. _ his great wealth, he always remained a man of simple tastes. A. Except for B. With regard to C. Although D. Despite,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,1. More than I realized, Dad has helped me keep my balance. Meaning: 我完全没有意识到，正是父亲帮助我保持心态平衡。 2. I would inwardly struggle at the unwanted attention. (Para. 1) Meaning: 对于这种讨厌的注视，我打心里感到别扭。,Language Points,3. If he ever noticed or was bothered, he never let on. (Para. 1) Meaning: 即使父亲注意到这些或感到不安，他也从不表露出来。 Note that the conjunction “if“ is used here to mean “although“. More examples: If shes poor, at least shes honest. 她虽然穷，至少她是诚实的 It was a nice meal, if a little expensive. 那是一顿美餐，虽然贵了点。,4. It was difficult to coordinate our stepshis halting, mine impatient. (Para. 2) Meaning: 我们的步伐很难协调一致-他常常停下脚步，而我的步子却显得不耐烦。 分词独立结构 5. But as we started out, he always said, “You set the pace. I will try to adjust to you.“ (Para. 2) Meaning: 但每次出门时，他总说，“你按你的步调走，我跟着你。”,6. He went to work sick, and despite nasty weather.(Para. 3) Meaning: 他生病或天气恶劣时也坚持上班。 Here the adjective “sick“ indicates a clause “even when he was sick“. More examples: He went to bed hungry last night. 他昨晚是饿着肚子上床睡觉的。,7. . and would make it to the office even if others could not. (Para. 3) Meaning: 他总是准点到办公室，即使别人做不到。 8. It was a matter of pride. (Para. 3) Meaning: It (getting to the office on time) was something that my father was proud of. 这是件可以引以为荣的事。,9. Once there, he would cling to the handrail until he reached the lower steps that the warmer tunnel air kept free of ice. (Para. 4) Meaning: 一到那儿，他就紧抓着地铁口的扶手一直往走下,因为地铁内比较暖和，下面几级台阶没有冰雪。 “Once“ 作为连词引导状语从句 一.就. Once (it is) damaged, it takes many years for the environment to recover. 环境一旦遭到破坏，需要许多年才能恢复（正常）。,10. When I think of it now, I am amazed at how much courage it must have taken for a grown man to subject himself to such shame and stress. (Para. 5) Meaning:现在回想起来，我不禁感叹：像他那样一个成年人，要有多大的勇气才能承受这样的屈辱和压力。,11. And at how he did itwithout bitterness or complaint. (Para. 5) Meaning: (I am amazed) at how he subjected himself to shame and stress without pain or complaining. 而当时他却显得毫无痛苦，也没怨言。 12. He never talked about himself as an object of pity, nor did he show any envy of the more fortunate or able. (Para. 6) Meaning: 他从不说自己可怜，也从不表现对那些比他幸运或健康的人的羡慕。,13. What he looked for in others was a good heart. (Para. 6) Meaning: 他从别人那儿寻找的是一颗“好心”。 Note that “good heart“ is used to refer to the kind, honest, and generous nature of a person. 14. . I believe that is a proper standard by which to judge people. (Para. 7) Meaning: 我相信这是判断一个人的适当标准。,15. But I know at times I dont have one myself. (Para. 7) Meaning:但我知道自己有时候并没有这么一颗“好心”。 16. Unable to engage in many activities,my father still tried to participate in some way. (Para. 8) Meaning: 虽然很多活动父亲都不能参加，但他还是试着以某种方式来参与。 Here “unable to.“用来表示让步。英语中形容词或形容词短语常放在句首用来表示让步或原因等。 Rather nervous, the man opened the letter. 那个人很紧张，拆开了信。,17. When a local baseball team found itself without a manager, he kept it going. (Para. 8) Meaning: 当地一个棒球队缺少经理时，是他使球队正常运转。 18.He liked to go to dances and parties, where he could have a good time just sitting and watching. (Para. 8) Meaning:他喜欢参加各种舞会和聚会，虽然在那儿他只能坐着观看，却也觉得很享受。 have a good (hard, difficult, etc.) time doing sth.,19. On one occasion a fight broke out at a beach party, with everyone punching and shoving. (Para. 9) Meaning: 记得在一次沙滩聚会上，发生了一场殴斗，人人都挥拳上阵，相互推撞。 20. He wasnt content to sit and watch, but he couldnt stand unaided on the soft sand. (Para. 9) Meaning: 他不满足只是坐着观看，但在松软的沙地上如果没人帮助，他又站不起来。,21. But the next day people kidded him by saying it was the first time any fighter was urged to take a dive before the fight began. (Para. 10) Meaning:第二天，人们和他开玩笑，说是第一次听到拳击手在开打之前，就有人要求他倒地服输。 22. And when I came home on leave, he saw to it that I visited his office. (Para. 11) Meaning: 我休假回家时，他一定要我去参观他的办公室。,23. and I could have done this, too, if things had been different. (Para. 11) Meaning: 如果我没瘸，我也会和他一样。 24. I wonder if he sensed my reluctance to be seen with him during our walks. (Para. 12) Meaning: 不知他当时是否留意在我们同行时，我不愿意被人看到。,25. If he did, I am sorry I never told him how sorry I was, how unworthy I was, how I regretted it. (Para. 12) Meaning: 若他确实注意到了，那我很惭愧当时没能告诉他我是多么对不起他，我是多么不孝，我是多么后悔。 26. I think of him when I complain about trifles when I am envious of anothers good fortune, when I dont have a “good heart“.(Para. 12) Meaning: 每当我因一些琐事而怨天尤人时，每当我嫉妒别人比我运气好的时候，每当我没有一颗“好心“的时候，我就会想起他。,A. The Way to Develop This Passage:,Structure Analysis,Narrations + Comments,How does a crippled father help his son keep balance through his deep care for others? The writer narrates this story with comments.,Can you identify the comments from the narration?,Text StudyStructure Analysis,Narration,Comments,Comments,Text StudyStructure Analysis,Typical ex