wordsandexpressions选修7unit4.ppt

New Words in Unit 4,1. relevant (adj) relevantly (adv) “有关的 ，有实际价值(重要性)的” 反义词 ：irrelevant be relevant to “与有关” = be connected with have sth to do with 这种工作与性别无关 。 The work of this kind is not relevant to sex. 这类课程与当今的社会问题已经毫无关系。 The type of the course is no longer relevant to todays social problem.,2.adapt adjust adapt (oneself) to “适应，适合” 你应该适应新环境。 You should adapt yourself to the new environment. adjust “适应” “调整”、“调节”使之适应 adjust (oneself) to =adapt (oneself) to “适应”,在他进入大厅之前，他整理了下领带。,He adjusted his tie before entering the hall.,在你调整好望远镜适合你的眼睛前，你无法通过望远镜看到任何东西的。,You cant see through the telescope until it is adjusted to your eyes.,adapt(oneself) to 的to是介词，后跟名词或动词-ing形式。类似的词组有：,be (get) used to 习惯于 be related to 与相关 lead to 带领,导致,通向 devote oneself to 献身于 contribute to 为作贡献 access to 接近/进入(某地的)方法,注意,look forward to 盼望 pay attention to 注意 give rise to 引起 be accustomed to 习惯于 be addicted to 沉溺于 stick to 坚持 belong to 属于 refer to 提到,涉及到,查阅 witness to 目击；见证,3. privilege “ 殊荣” 能认识你真是荣幸之至。 It was a privilege to know you . privilege 还表示“特权”、“权利” have the privilege to do sth = have the right to do sth “有特权(权利) 干某事” Only members have the privilege to use the cars. the privilege of citizenship/ equality 公民权/平等权,4. operate (vtvi) operation (n) 1) vt “操作(run);经营,管理(manage)” 2) vi “操作,工作(work),运转;做手术” operate on sb “给某人做手术” The machine doesnt operate smoothly. 医生正在给那个伤员动手术. The doctors were operating on the wounded solider .,The company operates three factories . She will have to _ on for her cancer . He and the other doctors didnt leave until the _ was over . He will perform an operation _ her for a diseased lung .,be operated,operation,on,5. otherwise (adv. conj.) “用别的方法,其他方面; 否则,不然 (or)” He is slow , but otherwise he is a good worker . Seize the chance , otherwise (or) you will regret it . 祈使句 , and (or ,otherwise ) + 简单句 (简单句常用将来时),Hurry up , _ you will be late. A. and B. otherwise C. if D. unless 2) Study hard , _ you will pass the exam . A. and B. or C. if D. unless 3) Study hard , _ you will not pass the exam . A. and B. otherwise C. if D. unless,B,A,B,Otherwise的虚拟语气,6.Without，otherwise和but for（要不是）等表示含蓄的条件,这时主句要用虚拟语气 1）Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from today. 2）But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work. 3）I was ill that day. Otherwise , I would have taken part in the sports meet.,6. wonder 用法归纳 1) wonder wh-词 + to do“想(不)知道” 2) .wonder wh- / if + 从句“想(不)知道” I was wondering where to spend the weekend. I wondered if (whether) you are free this afternoon. 3) ( Its )no wonder + (that) 从句 难怪，怪不得，不足为奇 (Its ) no wonder that he has passed the examination., wonder at “ 对 感到惊讶(惊奇)” Everybody wonders at what he has done. I wonder _ they call these flowers. A. if B. what C. when D. whether I wonder _ you would mind _ me a favor. A. if , to do B. whether , to do C. whether , doing D. when , doing,B,C,7. lie lay lain lying “vi. 躺,位于” lie lied lied lying “vi. 撒谎” lay laid laid laying “vt. 放下,下蛋” 规则的撒谎,不规则的躺, 躺过就下蛋,下蛋不规则. The man lying there never lies . She laid the baby in the bed and left.,The pen _ on desk belongs to me . 2) The baby _ in the arms of her mother . 3) The village _ to the north of the city . 4) He _ the bag down on the floor .,lying,lay,lies,laid,5) The book still _ where I _ them a month ago . A. lay , lay B. laid , had laid C. lay , had laid D. was lying , had lain 6) There on some hay on the ground _ a poor peasant boy . A. lied B. lay C. lain D. laid,Word study 1. to change slightly to make something work better 2. a mental shelf for cooking meat, toasting bread, etc 3. connected with what is being done or discussed 4. opening to a room, building 5. an honour 6. how something is organized,adjust,grill,relevant,doorway,privilege,arrangement,Complete the paragraph. Sharon looked at herself in the mirror and sighed. Her hair was _ all over the place. She smoothed it down with a wet comb. She thought about the time when she had met him three months before. He was the nicest boy she had ever _. He had rung her often,sticking out,come across,but now she hadnt _ him for two weeks. Why not? She decided to find out. She walked down to the _ to catch the train. She felt both excited and nervous. She was _ see him again but what if he didnt want to see her?,heard from,platform,dying to,Phrases Study,Phrases,1.hear from 收到来信,2.be dying to 渴望 ;极 想,3.come across (偶然) 碰见、发现,4.dry out 完全变干; 干透; (使)变干,5.dry up 干枯; (供应,思路)枯竭,6.in need 在困难中; 在危机中,7.stick out 伸出,8.up to 多达,9.make a difference 有影响; 有作用,10.care for 关心; 照顾; 喜欢; 想要,for sure a newly built platform stand upside down dry out dry up climb down the mountain a sewing machine English dialect 充当志愿者 收到来信 极渴望做 达到 调整以适应 前几天 偶遇 生火 参加 想起,肯定如此，毫无疑问,一座新建的月台,倒立,完全变干；干透,（河流；井）干涸,从山上下来,缝纫机,英语方言,work as a volunteer,hear from,be dying for/ to do,up to,adapt to,the other day,come across,build a fire,participate in,think of,与hear 相关的短语: hear about 听到关于的消息 hear from 收到的来信 hear of 听说, 听到 hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做了某事 hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事,1.hear from sb. = receive ones letter,在某些感官动词如: see, hear, feel, watch, observe, notice, listen to等后,既可接现在分词作宾语,也可接不带to的不定式作宾补。,(1) Did you hear someone _(laugh) outside? (2) I heard someone _(read) loudly in the morning. (3) He was heard _(sing) in the next room.,laughing,read,to sing,The missing boys were last seen _ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play,A,2. be dying for/ to do sth. 渴望, 极想, 渴望做某事 Im dying for a piece of cake. I am dying to know where you are from.,(1)我极想出国_,I am dying to go abroad.,(2)他很渴望喝点酒_,He was dying for a little wine.,“渴望”的类似说法 1 have a strong desire for sth. 2 be eager to do 3be thirsty for sth. 4 desire to do sth. 5 long to do sth. / for sth.,3. come across 偶然遇见/发现 The boys had never come across anything like this and started jumping out of the windows.,她在找东西时偶然发现了一些旧信件,She _ in the course of her search.,came across some old letters,与come相关的短语： come along 快点,来吧,come from 来自, 从来 come off 从离开, 脱落 come out 出来, 出版 come up 走过来, 走近 come over 过来 come to 来到, 结果是,Dont forget!,come back 回来,折回,I _some interesting books in the room. A came about B came across C came out D came off (2)This situation should never have _. A came over B came up C came back D came about (3) How is your work_? A coming along B coming back C coming to D coming up,B,D,A,He told me that the can was heated to _ (2) Water the plant regularly, never letting_(让土壤干枯),4.dry out (使)变干;干透,(1)他告诉我加热罐子是为了使剩余的食物变干,dry out the leftover food.,the soil dry out,5.dry up (河流，湖泊等)干枯；弄干、晒干、变干; (供应、思路) 枯竭 (1) During the drought, the river dried up. (2) The writers long separation from social dried up his imagination.,(3)太阳很快就会把马路晒干的 _,The sun will soon dry up the roads.,6 in need 在困难中,在危急中 be in need of sth 需要 have the need for sth 对的需要 according to the need 根据需要 句意理解: A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难朋友才是真朋友. (1) 我们应该帮助有困难的人. We should help those in need. (2) 他现在很需要一大笔钱. He now is in great need of much money.,7 stick out 伸出, 突出 stick out for sth 坚持要求某事物 stick to sth 不放弃 (1) She _ (伸出脚) and tripped him over. (2) 当车开动时不要把头伸出车窗外. Dont stick your head out of the window while it is running. (3) Once a decision has been made, all of us should _ it. A direct to B stick to C lead to D refer to,stuck out her foot,B,8 up to 多达 be up to sth = be busy doing sth. 忙于 It is up to sb to do sth 由某人负责做某事 What is up? 怎么了? 这些淘气的孩子在忙什么呢? What are these naughty boys up to? 由我负责完成这项任务. It is up to me to do this task. (3) -What do you want to do next? We have half an hour until the football game? - _. Whatever you want to do is fine with me. A It just depends B Its up to you C All right D Glad to hear that,B,9 make a difference 有影响,有作用,有差别 make no/ a little/ much/ some diff