《英语四级阅读理解》PPT课件.ppt

不要认为英语阅读差是由于不懂原文。英语阅读考查的是基本逻辑思维能力。 常识在英语阅读中也能帮助我们解题,仔细阅读最重要的三项能力： 1 提取信息在文章中迅速而有效地找到每道题目的题干所针对的部分 这些部分能够帮助我们提取信息：（1）转折 （2）比较 （3）因果 （4）关键词,2整合信息整理合并信息 根据不同的题型来对信息进行整合 四级常见的题型有：（1）细节题 （2）词意题 （3）态度题 （4）主旨题 文章或某一段的主旨 （5）推理题 （6）例证题 说明，论证了什么 （7）实验题 实验的目的，结果 3 逻辑比较把题干与原文的关系弄,解题的主要步骤： 1 扫描题干关键词 关键词的基本要求：名词 专有名词最有可能成为关键词 2 浏览原文做标记 3 逻辑比较得答案,考点：1 转折比较处 转折句或者是转折关系常常是文章内容的强调处，是作者表达观点或者是陈述事物的关键地方。一般而言，转折后的内容是语义的重点，因为转折后面的内容是作者的真实意图所在，所以命题者常常对转折处的内容进行提问。 转折一般通过however，but, yet, in fact 等词或短语引导,例： Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company “has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend”“ toward casual dining. Families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are single or they eat in front of television.,34. The main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is _. A) the increased value of the pound B) the economic recession in Asia C) the change in peoples way of life D) the fierce competition at home and abroad,例： Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company “has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend”“ toward casual dining. Families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are single or they eat in front of television.,开头第一句话涵盖了很多信息。 Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts 虽然英镑强势和亚洲市场萎靡是规模缩水的一个原因，但裁员的根源还在于剧烈的社会变迁。,例： Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company “has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend”“ toward casual dining. Families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are single or they eat in front of television.,34. The main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is _. A) the increased value of the pound B) the economic recession in Asia C) the change in peoples way of life D) the fierce competition at home and abroad,考点： 2 举例处 句中常用as, such as, for example, for instance, takeas an example等引导的短语或句子作为例证。,例： Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate. For instance, the phone might be the best medium for sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth（夸大事实,言过其实）. But given his results, work assessment, where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.,这是一篇讲述交流途径与说谎频度的关系的文章。,It can be inferred from the passage that_ honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communications more employers will use emails to communicate with their employers Suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposes Email is now the dominant medium of communication within a company,例： Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate. For instance, the phone might be the best medium for sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth（夸大事实,言过其实）. But given his results, work assessment, where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.,A.在人际交流中应该鼓励诚实。从最后一段来看，作者鼓励在销售时使用电话以便更能夸大其词，由此可以看出作者是不看中诚实与否的问题的。,It can be inferred from the passage that_ honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communications more employers will use emails to communicate with their employers Suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposes Email is now the dominant medium of communication within a company,例： Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate. For instance, the phone might be the best medium for sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth（夸大事实,言过其实）. But given his results, work assessment, where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.,B 更多雇主会使用电子邮件与员工交流。最后一段Hancock举的第二个例子是鼓励人们使用电子邮件的.但这一建议不是要求雇主们使用电子邮件，而是要求雇员们使用。,It can be inferred from the passage that_ honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communications more employers will use emails to communicate with their employers Suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposes Email is now the dominant medium of communication within a company,例： Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate. For instance, the phone might be the best medium for sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth（夸大事实,言过其实）. But given his results, work assessment, where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.,C，应针对不同的交流目的，采取合适的媒介。文章最后举了情况不同的两个例子，每个例子适宜使用的媒介也不同。这说明在特定情况下，应选用特定的交流媒介，与C的说法一致。,It can be inferred from the passage that_ honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communications more employers will use emails to communicate with their employers Suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposes Email is now the dominant medium of communication within a company,例： Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate. For instance, the phone might be the best medium for sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth（夸大事实,言过其实）. But given his results, work assessment, where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.,D，电子邮件目前是公司内主要交流媒介。文中没有提到这一点。,It can be inferred from the passage that_ honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communications more employers will use emails to communicate with their employers Suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposes Email is now the dominant medium of communication within a company,3 因果关系处 给出原因推断结果，或给出结果推断原因 例：Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying “Im useless as a parent” does not commit a person to any specific improvement.,It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology because_. A)it gets one into the habit of making empty promises B)it may make the other person feel guilty C)it is vague and ineffective D)it is hurtful and insulting,例：Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again.,Then there is the general, all covering apology =which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act = and which the person should promise never to do again = that was particularly hurtful or insulting = Who is apologizing,分解为以下几个句子： 1.Then there is the general, all covering apology 然后就有了一种一般意义的、无所不包的道歉 2.Which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act 这种道歉避免了一种指明特别行为的必要性 3.That was particularly hurtful or insulting3 特别是让人伤心或者令人委屈的行为 4.And which the person这种道歉使得人们 5.Who is apologizing.道歉的人们 6.Should promise never to do again承诺以后不再犯类似的行为,例：Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. 然后还有一种泛泛的无所不包的道歉，这种道歉避免了一种指明特别让人伤心、特别令人委屈的、道歉者应该保证以后不会再犯的具体行为。,例：Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying “Im useless as a parent” does not commit a person to any specific improvement. 说“作为父亲我真没有用”是不能对孩子形成具体的指导。,It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology because_. A)it gets one into the habit of making empty promises B)it may make the other person feel guilty C)it is vague and ineffective D)it is hurtful and insulting,4 主题句处 文章或段落的主旨常以主题句的形式出现，一般位于篇章的开头或篇末 注意事项： 1） 看似合理的选项不是答