研究生英语阅读教程初级版第三版Lesson1答案.ppt

1,Difficult Sentences,1. He also associated such policies with a prejudice which he calls linguicism (a condition parallel to racism and sexism). As Phillipson sees it, leading institutions and individuals within the predominantly white English-speaking world, have (by design or default) encouraged or at least toleratedand certainly have not opposedthe hegemonic spread of English, a spread which began some three centuries ago as economic and colonial expansion. (line 11, para. 1),2,他还把这种政策和他所称的“语言歧视”（这个情况类似于“种族歧视”、“性别歧视”）联系在一起。在菲利普森看来，在以“白人”为主的英语世界中，主要的机构和个人，一直鼓励（有意或默许）、至少容忍当然不会反对英语的大肆扩张。英语的扩张始于大约三个世纪前，最初表现形式是经济与殖民扩张。,Difficult Sentences,3,Difficult Sentences,2. Yet many people see English as a blessing. Let me leave aside here the obvious advantages possessed by any world language, such as a large communicative network, a strong literary and media complex, and a powerful cultural and educational apparatus. (line 1, para.7) 然而，许多人认为英语是有益的。我这里姑且不论世界语言所具有的明显优势，例如：庞大的交流网络、发达的文字与传媒体系以及强大的文化与教育设施。,4,Difficult Sentences,3. The East Asian symbolism of yin and yang might serve well here: There is something of yang in every yin, of yin in every yang. Although they are opposites, they belong together: in this instance within the circle of communication. Such symbolism suggests that the users of the worlds lingua franca should seek to benefit as fully as possible from the blessing and as far as possible avoid invoking the curse. (line 4, para.10 ),5,东亚的“阴阳”符号或许能更好地说明这 个问题的内在含义：阴中有阳，阳中有阴； 在这种交流循环中，两者相悖，又相互融合。 这种阴阳符号表明使用世界通用语言的人应 该尽可能趋利避害。,Difficult Sentences,6,Keys to the Exercises,I. Reading Comprehension A. 1.B 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. A,7,II. Vocabulary A. 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.C,Keys to the Exercises,Keys to the Exercises,8,B. 1. for good or ill 2. laid at the door of 3. endanger 4. descent 5. points up 6. taking in 7. by and large 8. leave aside 9. crystal clear 10.die out,Keys to the Exercises,9,III. Cloze 1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.D 9.D 10.C,Keys to the Exercises,Keys to the Exercises,10,. Translation,1. 因为英语是个杀手。正是英语造成了凯尔特语、康沃尔语、诺恩语和马恩语等语言的消亡。这些岛上的分地区依然还有很多社区的人使用在英语到来之前就已存在的语言。然 而，英语在日常生活中无处不在。所有的人或几乎所有的人都懂英语。英语对仅存的三种凯尔特语爱尔兰语、苏格兰盖尔语及威尔士语的威胁是如此之大，人们一定认为它们遥远的未来是岌岌可危的。 s,Keys to the Exercises,11,2.同时，他认为这些政策和他称之为语言歧视 （与种族歧视、性别歧视等类似）的 偏见密切 相关。在菲利普森看来，在 以 白人 英语为主 导 的 世 界里，主要的机构和个人（有意或无 意地）鼓励或者至少是容忍了（肯定没 有反对） 英语霸权主义式的传播，这种传播始于三个世 纪之前的经济及殖民扩张。,Keys to the Exercises,12,3.总的来说，我们现在或多或少地把这些语 言看作有利的语言。在谈到与之相关的文化及 其为世界所做的贡献时，我们常怀有崇敬与赞 赏，而且这样做是很安全的，因为这些语言现 在已不会构成什么大的威胁。,Keys to the Exercises,13,4.然而，许多人把英语看成是一件幸事。在此， 我暂且不谈世界语言所具有的明显优势，例如庞 大的交流网络、发达的文字与传媒体系以及强大 的文化教育设施。,Keys to the Exercises