定语从句PPT超级经典.ppt

The Attributive Clause 定语从句讲解,教学任务 定语从句的学习和运用 教学重点 关系代词和关系副词的用法 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别 教学难点： as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别 介词加关系词引导的定语从句,什么叫定语,定义：用来限定、修饰名词或代词的词、短语或句子。 可充当定语的有：形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、动名词、不定式、副词及从句等 She is a girl She is a beautiful girl She is a girl who is beautiful 具有定语功能，替代原来单一的词和词组的句子叫定语从句。,、,定语从句的概述,1定义：在复合句中用来做定语的句子。即在复合句中修饰名词或代词(有时也可说明整个主句或主句中的一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫定语从句。 2先行词：被修饰的名词或代词。 3关系词: 关系代词：which who that whose whom 关系副词: where，when，why。,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.,先行词和关系词的关系,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,the machine,a machine,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,a machine,that /which,The girl is Jims sister. We saw the girl yesterday. The girl (whom/who/that )we saw yesterday is Jim sister.,先行词和关系词的关系,1.A plane is a machine that can fly. 2.The boy whothat broke the window is called Tom. 3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. 4.The school where I study is far from my home.,the machine = that,the boy =whothat,the boys =whose,in the school = where,关系代词实际上是先行词的复指,关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格,关系副词实际上是介词先行词,关系代词运用时注意事项,1关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致 Tom is one of the boys who were late that morning Tom is the only one of the boys who was late that morning 2关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以被省略 She is the woman .I told you about her. She is the woman (whowhomthat) I told you about She is the woman about whom I told you(不可省略）,难用的 whose,The teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class.,The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class.,Join the following pair of sentences.,whose =the students,关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格,难用的 whose,The house is mine. The window of the house is broken.,Join the following pair of sentences.,The house whose window is broken is mine.,whose=the houses window,The house is mine.,the window of which is broken,of which the window is broken,关系代词的用法练习,1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday. 2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night. 3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parents farm. 4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them. 5.I dont like the people. They smoke a lot.,The eggs (that/which) I bought them were not fresh.,The friend who/ that he came to supper last night was not hungry.,He prefers the cheese that / which it comes from his parents farm.,The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious.,I dont like the people that / who they smoke a lot.,定语从句分类,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句与限定性定语从句的区别,The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.,Please compare:,插入成分,修饰限定,补充解释,不能,能,.的,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.,分析两种定语从句省略后的结果,The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.,分析两种定语从句省略后的结果,限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确， 所以不能省略,非限制性定语从句和单句的比较,2.He failed in the exam._ made his parents angry. 3.He failed in the exam, _made his parents angry.,4.He has two sons. Both of _ are teachers. 5.He has two sons, both of _ are teachers.,This,which,whom,them, that,1.I am reading Harry Porter, _is an interesting book.,which,介词+关系代词的情况 1,The man whom you spoke was a scientist. The city which she lives is far away.,to,in,介词+关系代词的情况 2,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,介词+关系代词的情况 3,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后,介词+关系代词的情况 4,Is this the watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better .,在固定短语中介词不能提前,下面两句中的介词能提前吗?,1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book she paid $10? 3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. He built a telescope he could study the skies.,介词+关系代词的情况 练习,on which,for which,from which,about which,through which,6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher. 7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River. 8. The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill. 9. The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling. 10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.,under which,of which,from which,to whom,of which,1.He did all / everything _he could to help me. 2.This is the very thing _ I am after. 3.We talked about the men and the things _ we remembered at school. 4.He is the only man _ can do the work. 5.This is the first thing _ I want to say. 6.He is the finest man _ I have ever worked with. 7.Who is the man _ spoke to you at the gate. 8.Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth.,Exercise that , which or who?,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that , which ,whose, whom or who?,9.Is there anything else _ you want to say? 10.Any person _ has the money can join the group. 11