阅读理解技巧指导.ppt

,学,考,阅读理解,解题技巧指导,专,专,题,山师附中 李雪梅,专,高中英语学习对阅读的七级要求, 能从一般性文章中获取和处理主要信息； 能理解文章主旨和作者意图； 能通过上下文克服生词困难，理解语篇意义； 能通过文章中的线索进行推理； 能根据需要从网络等资源中获取信息； 能阅读适合高中生的英语报刊或杂志； 除教材外，课外阅读量应累计达到23万词以上,专,学业水平测试阅读样式,试卷共3篇阅读文章，每篇词数250左右 共设10个问题，满分20 体裁和题材广泛，设问多样化,专,1、主旨归纳题(main idea ) 2、推理判断题(questions of inference) 3、细节理解题(questions of details) 4、词义猜测题(words in context),设问类型（types of questions),主旨大意,考,点,一,大意类： The main idea of the paragraph is . What is the passage mainly about? 标题类： Whats the best title/headline for the passage? The best title for the passage might be . 作者意图类： Whats the writers purpose in writing the passage？ The authors purpose . is to show .,常见设题方式,Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smokers cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. What does the paragraph mainly talk about ? Smoking can cause cancer. Smoking is a terrible killer Smoking is harmful to our health. An experiment on smoking.,Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health.,1,topic sentence,2 Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professional criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance. What is the main idea of the passage? A professional criminal looks more innocent than others. Dont judge others by appearance.,3 If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly draw your attention: “Color TV. Only 79. Two days sale. Hurry!” However, when you go to the store ready to buy, you may discover that they are sold out. But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has another model. A much better set which is “just right for you”. It costs 395. This sales method is called “bait and switch”. Buyers are baited with a sales advertisement, and then they are switched to another more expensive one. The best title of the paragraph could be _. A. Buying A TV Set B. A Selling Method C. Buyer Beware D. TV On Sale,This sales method is called “bait and switch”.,诱售法,专,Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He went to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. The main idea of this paragraph is that _. A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for four years, moved to another university. B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College. C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university. D. Tom received an excellent education.,Types Of Paragraph Structures,at the beginning,at the end,in the middle,no clear topic sentence,专,略读模板,用“略读模板”快速捕捉主旨大意是非常有效的办法。具体放法是：读首段全部，其他段落读首句，尾段读首句和尾句。,Tips,专, As late as 1800, womens only place was in the home. The idea of woman in the business world was unthinkable. Men were certain that no woman could do a good job outside her home. This was such a widely accepted idea that when the well-known Bronte sisters began writing books in 1864, they had to sign their books with mens names instead. Teaching was the first profession open to women soon after 1800. . Hospital nursing became respectable work for women only after Nightingale became famous. The invention of the typewriter in 1867 helped to bring women out of the home and into the business worldThe idea that women could work in the business world had been accepted.,1. The ideaunthinkable,3. Hospital nursing,2. Teaching,4. The ideaaccepted,推理判断,考,点,二,From the passage it can be inferred that The passage suggests that The passage implies that. From the passage we may conclude that From the passage we can learn that The passage is probably taken from The following paragraph would most likely deal with,常见设题方式,专,规律方法 推断就是从已知的事件中推测未知事件（指文章或作者没有直接说明但暗示出来或根据作者提供的信息可能引出的必然结论），所以这类题目找不到直接答案，只可以找出供推论的依据。,以原文内容为前提，透过现象看本质 领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。,不选择照抄原文的选项 不选事实细节选项 不选非事实选项 选概括性/哲理性的选项,Tips,专,Why isnt your newspaper reporting any good news? All I read about is murder, bribery(行贿), and death. Frankly, I am sick of all these bad news.,This authors attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _.,A.complain B. apologize C. amuse D. inform,事实细节,考,点,三,Which of the following statement is true? Which of the following is not mentioned? All of the statements are true except_. Which is the correct order of the following events? What does the author mention in the passage? What do we know about?,常见设题方式,专,解题方法：标注法,1）根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，选择的依据必须是短文本身提供的信息，而绝不可根据自己的主观假设及推测或是自己的观点来决定。 2）在阅读过程中对涉及到who，when，where，how，why等常考的细节内容做适当标记，以便于解题时迅速、准确地查找。 正确选项的特征： 一般是针对文章的某一事例、原因、时间、人物做出阐释；具有概括性、抽象性的、含义深刻的选项可能是正确选项；内容与其它三项有较大差别的可能是正确选项；含有不确定语气词的可能是正确选项。,干扰选项的特征： 照抄原文，但省略了关键内容；与原文相似但过于绝对化，含有绝对词的选项：must, always, never, all, merely, only, have to, no, never, any, every;原文没有提到或与原文内容相反；肤浅的表达原文字面意思；张冠李戴，即把A的特点强加到B上。,which statement about the spread of loneliness is true? A. the spreading effect was the second strongest among friends. B. no spreading effect was found on the husbands and wives. C. women are more likely to be affected than men. D. brothers are more easily affected than neighbors.,The effect was strongest among friends. Neighbors were the second most affected group. The effect was weaker on husbands and wives, and brothers and sisters. The researchers also found that loneliness spread more easily among women than men.,猜测词意,考,点,四,According to the author, the underlined word means_. From the passage, we can infer the word is_ What does the author probably mean by_? What do you think the expression stands for? The underlined wordprobably means_.,常见设题方式,专, A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter., If you agree, write “ yes”; if you dissent, write “no”., The weather in Hawaii is always mild. It is pleasant and warm. There is usually a light wind to cool the air.,专, When you throw a stone into still water of a lake, you will watch a ripple spread in rings on the surface of water., When he reached the place with his army, he found an impassable river in front of him., In some countries where there is very little rain, the farmers have to irrigate, or water their fields.,How to guess the meaning of words?,On Reading,专,1、主旨归纳题(main idea ) 2、推理判断题(questions of inference) 3、细节理解题(questions of details) 4、词义猜测题(words in context),技巧归纳（techniques）,找准主题句；巧用略读模板,依据文章线索；透过现象看本质,运用标注法；排除干扰项,利用上下文语境；善用构词法,Design by group,学业水平测试即将进行，如果你是出题小组成员，请根据下列文章，任选一个设问方式，设计一个试题和4个选项。,专,impassable,im-,pass,-able,否定前缀,通过，经过,形容词后缀,无法通过的,专,专,Jack looked for his pen in his schoolbag, but he couldnt find it! He rummaged through his desk and his pockets, but no pen.,2. The underlined word “rummaged” in paragraph 2 probably means “_”. A. forgot to look at B. searched carefully C. turned sideways D. threw away,B,专,The American womens liberation movement was started by women who didnt want to stand behind successful men. They wanted to stand beside men and have the same chances for success. They didnt want to be told that certain jobs or offices were closed to them. They refused to work side by side with men who did the same work for a higher pay.,2. The liberated women want to do all the following EXCEPT _. A. stay at home to help their husbands be successful B. have the same chances for success as men C. get the same pay when doing the same work as men D. seek for office and do some important jobs as men,didnt want to stand behind,A,专,He is a good Christian. He is a good father. He is a good child. He is a good husband. She is a good wife. She is a good teacher. She is a good friend.,他是一个慈爱的父亲。 他是一个孝顺的孩子。 他是一个有责任心的丈夫。 她是一位贤惠的妻子。 她是一位敬业的老师。 她是一个真挚的朋友。,good 还“好”吗？,他是一名虔诚的教徒。,5 Magellans men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship. Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the trip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died. Magellans voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball. Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage? A. Magellans death B. Going Around The World C. The World Is Round D. Magellans Voyage, Magellans men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.,Magellans voyage was the first trip around the world .,Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.,The process of Magellans long difficult voyage,Magellans voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.,Magellans voyage proved the earth is round.,Magellans men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship. Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Goed Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died. Magellans voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.,Paragraph 1: Magellans voyage was the first trip around the world .,Paragraph 2: The process of Magellans long diff