九年级英语新目标中考专项名词复习.ppt

,Grammar Revision 名 词,(Nouns),2013年中考英语专项复习,学习目标,1、知道名词的分类 2、掌握可数名词的复数（规则变化和不规则变化） 3、掌握不可数名词数量的表达法 4、了解名词所有格的用法（双重所有格和名词复数所有格） 5、注意名词作定语的用法,专有名词：表示人、地方、事物、机构、组织等名称的词。第一个字母一般要大写。如Lucy 、Beijing、China、the Great Wall、等。 普通名词：表示一类人或事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称。如：book、tree等。,一、名词的分类,普通名词,Countable nouns (可数名词),Uncountable nouns (不可数名词),Individual Nouns （个体名词）,Collective Nouns （集体名词 ）,Abstract Nouns （抽象名词 ）,Material Nouns （物质名词 ）,二、可数名词的复数形式,可数名词有单数、复数两种形式。名词复数构成形式分规则变化和不规则变化。,名词复数的规则变化: 记忆口诀： 1. “黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿”。 Negro、hero、tomato 、 potato 2.一个“贼”的“妻子”拿了一把“刀”和一片“树叶”结束了一个“狼”的“生命”。thief.wife.knife.leaf.wolf.life,foot - feet,child - children,tooth - teeth,mouse - mice,名词复数的不规则变化(1),man - men,woman - women,men doctors,women teachers,one sheep,two sheep,a Chinese,two Chinese,a Japanese,several Japanese,名词复数的不规则变化(2):单复数形式相同,some deer,one fish 一条鱼,fishes 不同种类的鱼各种各样的鱼,three fish 三条鱼,some fish一些鱼肉,可数名词,不可数名词,三、不可数名词,不可数名词一般不能用数来计算，没有复数形式。,不可数名词一般包括物质或抽象概念的名词，可归纳如下：,1.表材料：wood,meat,paper,gold 2.表抽象:information,knowledge,news,advice. 3.表食物：food,fruit,water,coffee,milk 4.表总称：furniture,clothing 5.表自然：air,wind,rain,snow 6.表学科:Chinese,Japese,English,math, Physics,不可数名词的量的表示法有两种：,1.用much,a little,little,a lot of,some,any等表示多少。如: some milk、a lot of money,2.用”数词+量词+of+不可数名词”来表示多少。如: a piece of news,six bags of rice, two cups of tea,四、名词所有格,名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系。有两种形式：一种是S所有格；另一种是of所有格。,1. s所有格： 原则上只用于表示有生命的人或物的名词。如： the teachers book; the horses tail 但是，时间、距离、太阳、地球、月亮、江河、海洋、船只、国家、城市、团体机构等名词也 可以用s属格。如：todays newspaper; the citys transportation,1).一般的名词，包括不以s结尾的复数名词， 在词后加s。如：the childrens book 2). 以s结尾的复数名词的所有格形式只在词后加。 如：the teachers office 3).两者或两者以上共有的所有格形式只在后者用 所有格形式，如:Tom and Mikes room 若表示分别拥有时，则要在每个名词后用 所有格形式，如:Toms and Mikes rooms,名词后加“s”不一定都是所有格，要特别注意理解和判断！如： Kates a good girl Lets go! Kates been to Europe,2.of 所有格一般用于无生命的东西。如：,the cover of the book the door of the room,3.双重所有格有两种形式： of+名词所有格.如： a sweater of Toms of+名词性物主代词.如： a friend of mine,五、名词作定语,1.一般情况下，名词作定语修饰主体名词时，常用单数形式。如：an apple tree, country music,2.某些名词修饰主体名词时用复数。如：sports meeting，parents meeting,3.“数词+名词或数词+名词+形容词”，也称复合形容词，名词用单数形式。如： a ten-mile walk; a five- year- old boy,直击中考：看看这节课的内容你掌握的怎样。,1.（2009河南）I like_ a lot ,and my mother usually cooks it in different ways. A. fish B. butter C. potatoes D.noodles,2.(2009重庆）How far is your cousins home from here? -Its about two _drive. A. hours B. hours C. hours D. hour,3.(2009广州）The letter from my uncle was short. There wasnt_ news. A. many B. a few C. much D. few,4.(2009湖北孝感）All the _teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th ,because it was their own holiday. A. man B. men C. woman D. women,5.(2009广东）Could you take_for these_? They are very beautiful. A. any photos; tomatoes B. some photos; tomatoes C. some photos; tomatos D. any photos; tomatos,Exercises ： 1. We now dont write letters on _. We send e-mails. A. papers B. computer C. paper D. the computer 2. What _ news it is ! A. a good B . good C. a few good D. many good 3. The _ are searching for a murderer in the city . A. polices B. policemans C. policewomans D. police 4. Tom works hard and spends _in the library. A. much time B. many time C. many times D. a lot of times 5. He decided to travel round the earth and return in _. A. two year time B. two years long C. two years time D. two years time,7. I dont know that man, but I think he is _ father. A. Lucy and Lilys B. Lucys and Lily C. Lucys and Lilys D. Lucy and Lily 8. Im hungry. Please give me _, please. A. a bread B. some breads C. a piece of bread D. two piece of breads 9. The hospital is a little far from here . Its about _. A .40 minutess walk B. 40 minutes walk C. 40 minute walk D. 40 minutes walk 10. Julie went to the _to buy a pair of shoes . A. shoes store B . shoe store C. shoes stores D. shoe stores,Sum up: 1.名词复数的规则变化(5种） 2.不可数名词的量的表示法(2种） 3.名词所有格(3种) 4.名词作定语,一般情况加 -s 1.清辅音后读/s/ map-maps book-books 2.浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ bag-bags car-cars,名词复数的规则变化(1),以s, x,sh, ch 等结尾的词加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses watch-watches 但如果以 ch 结尾的名词发音为 k时，只加 s。 stomach stomachs 读 /s/,名词复数的规则变化(2),以元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加-s变复数：读 /z/ monkey-monkeys holiday-holidays,以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y 为i 再加es ies 读 /iz/ party-parties baby-babies,名词复数的规则变化(3),以f 或 fe 结尾的名词变复数时,去f、 fe 加-ves 读 /vz/ 如： half-halves knife-knives leaf-leaves wolf-wolves life-lives thief-thieves 但也有例外，如 roof-roofs chief-chiefs,名词复数的规则变化(4),a tomato,