英语议论文写作指导(对比分析---正反观点).ppt

,议论文写作指导 对比分析 正反观点,正反观点对比 对同一件事情，人们常有不同的看法，即正反两种观点。在写作时，常使用一般现在时。写作格式一般是：提出问题两种不同观点对两种不同观点的论据（理由）逐项作对比。有时题目会要求说出自己的观点，可在结尾段加上自己的观点并简要说明理由，最好不要重复前面的已谈到的理由。写作方式一般采用集中比较。在写作时可用以下句型来组织完成整篇文章：,正反观点对比常用句型 (1) We have a( heated) discussion about 我们对进行了一次讨论。 Weve had a discussion about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks. (2) We have had a survey on 我们对开展了一次调查。 Weve had a survey on whether students should be allowed to carry mobile phones to schools. (3) Opinions are divided on the question. 在这个问题上意见有分歧。 (4) Opinions are mainly divided into two groups. 有两种不同意见。,(5) Others have different opinions. 其他人有不同看法。 (6) Sixty percent of the students are for the idea, while forty percent of the students think otherwise. 有60%的学生支持这个观点，然而有40%的学生则不这样认为。 (7) Sixty percent of the students think it necessary to, but forty percent of the students dont think so. 60%的学生认为是必须的，而40%的学生则不这样认为。 (8) On the one hand, On the other hand, 一方面，另一方面,在对某一观点作进一步论证时，可用下列句型： (1) Whats more, 还有就是 Whats more, we can get a good knowledge of the culture and social customs of the country where we study, as well as improve our English. (2) Besides, 除此之外 Some students cannot discipline themselves. Besides, its far too expensive to study abroad, which is a load to the family. 当然在提出多个论据时，也可用First, Second, Third, 来列举论据。,80% students support it. The programme is creative and unique. It provides a stage for young people to show their talents. It lets young people gain more confidence than ever. 20% students think that the programme misleads the youth to some degree. Let them feel success doesnt come from hard work. Being yourself isnt the same as being different from others. I am for this programme. As long as our study is not disturbed, we can watch it.,80% students support it. The programme is creative and unique. In addition, it provides a stage for young people to show their talents, and helps young people gain more confidence than ever. On the contrary,20% students think that the programme misleads the youth to some degree. Whats worse, they will feel success doesnt come from hard work. After all, being yourself isnt the same as being different from others in behaviours or appearance. In my opinion, I am for this programme. As long as our study is not disturbed, we can watch it.,Dear editor, I am writing to tell you about my classmates opinions about a TV programme-Super Girl. Opinions vary from person to person. 80% of them are for this TV programme. They argue that this programme not only provides the young with a stage to show their talents but also gives a chance to them to build up their self-confidence. Whats more, this programme is creative and advocates personality, which meets the youths need.,On the contrary, 20% of them are against this programme. Reasons can be listed as follows. For one thing, it misleads the youths to some degree, perhaps they will misunderstand that they can succeed without any hard work. For another, being yourself doesnt mean being different from others behaviour or appearance. However, every coin has two sides, this programme is not an exception, it has its own advantages and disadvantages. Yours, Li Ming,常见错误 *拼写 1. Their opinion are devided on this programme.,Their opinions vary from person to person.,Their opinions are divided on this programme.,2. It make people feel that they can success without make any effort.,It makes people feel that they can succeed without making any effort.,It makes people feel that they can achieve success without hard work.,3. It will misled the young in some ways.,It will mislead the young in some ways / in a way/ to some extent/ to some degree.,4. It effects our study.,It affects our study.,It has a bad effect / influence on our study.,5. On the country, some student againsted the programme.,On the contrary, some students are against the programme., some students are not in favour of this programme., some students do not enjoy this programme.,*搭配(词性),In the other hands, 20% students dont agree to them.,On the other hand, 20% of the students dont agree with them.,On the other hand, other students have different ideas.,2. Let the younger to find more self-confident.,Let the young/the youth/young people gain/ build up self-confidence.,Help the young be more self-confident.,equip the young with self-confidence.,3. This programme is not only creation but personality.,This programme is not only creative but unique.,This programme is creative and it appeals to / advocates personality.,*高级(句式),There are 80% students support the Super Girl.,80% students support the Super Girl.,There are 80% students who support the Super Girl.,There are 80% students supporting the Super Girl.,2. It provides the stage to young people to show our talents.,It provides young people with a stage to demonstrate their talents.,It provides a stage for young people to show their talents.,(offer opportunities to/give chances to),Dear editor, I am writing to tell you about my classmates opinions about a TV programme-Super Girl. Opinions are divided. 80% of the students are in favor of this programme. They say that this programme, Super Girl, appeals that we should have personalities. It not only offers us a stage to show ourselves, but also lets us find more confidence.,On the contrary, other students have different ideas. They hold the view that this programme will mislead teenagers in some way, because some people have a feeling that we can succeed without any hard work. Though Super Girl advocates personalities, it doesnt mean that this programme has nothing in common with others.,From what has been mentioned above, we can reasonably draw the conclusion that every coin has two sides. In my opinion, Super Girl is just like a double-edged sword. Having weighed up both sides, I find that its benefits far outweigh its disadvantages. We must make proper use of this programme for the sake of(出于起见) keeping tide with society. Yours truly, Li Ming,最近，你校同学正在参加某英文报组织的一场讨论。讨论的主题是：公园要不要收门票？请你根据下表提供的信息，给报社写一封信，客观地介绍讨论情况。 注意： 1、信的开头已为你写好。 2、词数：100左右。 3、参考词汇：门票：entrance fee Dear Editor, Im writing to tell you about the discussion weve had about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks.,2002年高考题范文,Dear Editor, Im writing to tell you about the discussion weve had about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks(提出问题). Opinions are divided on the question. 60of the students are against the idea of entrance fee. They believe a public park should be free of charge. People need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves. Changing entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away. What is more, it will become necessary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to the appearance of a city.,过渡句,观点一,论据一,论据二,On the other hand, 40 think that fees should be charged because you need money to pay gardeners and other workers, and to buy plants and young trees. They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. Yours truly Li Hua 可以看出，这类文章的写作，首先要提出问题，即双方讨论的问题。接下来提出观点一，并用一系列论据进行阐明。说明完观点一之后，再提出观点二，继续用论据进行说明。如果需要说明自己的观点，可接下来说明自己的观点。,观点二,论据一,论据二,对比类写作 实战模版,议论文的框架-对比观点题型 （1） 要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。 1 有一些人认为。 2 另一些人认为。 3 我的看法。 The topic of -（主题）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of -（支持A的理由一）What is more, -(理由二). Moreover, -(理由三).,While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,-(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),-（理由二）. Thirdly (finally),-(理由三). From my point of view, I think -（我的观点）. The reason is that -(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice .,（2） 给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点 Some people believe that -（观点一）. For example, they think -（举例说明）And it will bring them -(为他们带来的好处). In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,-(我不同意该看法的理由一). For another thing, -(反对的理由之二) Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that -(我对文章所讨论主题的看法),(3) 不同观点列举型（ 选择型 ） There is a widespread concern over the issue that _作文题 目. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一_. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, _原因一_.Furthermore, in the second place, _原因二_. So it goes without saying that _观点一_.,People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that_观二_. In their point of view, on the one hand， _原因一_. On the other hand, _原因二_. Therefore, there is no doubt that _观点二_. As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that _观点一或二_. It is not only because _, but also because _. The more _, the more _.,Practice in class,面对繁重的高中学习任务，高中生对参加学校活动 有着不同的看法，请以Taking Part in School Activities 为题，用英文写一篇120词左右的短文，着重介绍两种 不同的观点和态度，最后谈谈你个人的看法。 很多学生持拥护态度，认为既可以学到实践知识， 又可以得到放松； 不少学生漠不关心，认为学生就应该学习，学校活 动与学习无关，同时嘲讽积极参加学校活动的学生。 标题和开头已给，不计入总词数。词数；120词左右。 Taking Part in School Activities As for school activities, students mainly hold two views,Main errors,1.时态：现在的时态 2. There are many students support it. There are many students who support it. There are many students supporting it 3. 要有清晰的、完整的句子的痕迹 Those in favor ofthink it is good for us. Because it can help us get relaxed.,Main errors,Those in favor ofthink it is good for us, because it can help us get relaxed.,Those in favor ofthink it is good for us. It is because it can help us get relaxed.,清晰的句子的痕迹 It can help us make many friends, they will give us many proposer.,It can help us make many friends. They will give us many proposer.,It can help us make many friends, and they will give us many proposer.,Main errors,Taking Part in School Activities As for school activities, students mainly hold two views. Many students are very enthusiastic about school activities because they think that learning from textbooks is not their only task and they should take any chance to get some practical knowledge. Besides, after long hours study, they can relax themselves by participating in school activities.,However, a large group of students take little interest in them and spend most of their time on study. They believe that they should make full use of time to study and that school activities have little to do with their further development. Thus sometimes they even laugh at those who take an active part in school activities. As far as I am concerned, I prefer the first view. On the one hand, we can learn a great deal from other students we meet in activities. Furthermore, modern society requires many qualities of young students, so “book worms” cant keep up with the times.,requires sth. of sb. 要求某人某事,Taking Part in School Activities As for school activities, students mainly hold two views. Some students are inclined to approve of it. They believe that by taking part in school activities, students can not only learn some practical knowledge, but also relax themselves. However, others pay little attention to it. Obviously, they think study is students only task. What this means is that school activities have nothing to do with study. Besides, they sneer at those who take part in it actively.,As for as I am concerned, the former opinion holds more weight. On top of the above-mentioned positive effects it might bring about, the school activities also enrich our school life and help us to understand each other better. So, we cannot emphasize the importance of taking part in school activities enough.,如何把句子写得丰富些？,很多学生持拥护态度，认为既可以学到实践知识，又可以得到放松。,Some students are inclined to approve of it. They believe that by taking part in school activities, students can not only learn some practical knowledge, but also relax themselves.,Many students are very enthusiastic about school activities because they think that learning from textbooks is not their only task and they should take any chance to get some practical knowledge. Besides, after long hours study, they can relax themselves by participating in school activities.,Homework,根据教育部通知，从2007年9月1日起，中小 学生每天要跳校园集体舞。通知发出后，在社 会上引起了热烈的讨论。假如你是李华，请根 据下表提供的内容给“China Daily”编辑写一封 信反映讨论情况，并提出自己的看法和理由。 注意：(1)词数100-120； (2)开头已写好，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：集体舞 group dancing 社交能力sociability,Dear editor, The Department of Education announced,能锻炼身体，丰富校园生活 be good for health and can enrich our school life 培养社交能力 improve their sociability. 不能达到锻炼身体的目的 cant help students to keep fit,Dear Editor, The Department of Education announced in June, 2007 that from Sept. 1, 2007 primary and secondary school students will have dance class, which has led to a heated debate. Some people think group dancing is good for health and can enrich our school life. It helps students understand each other better. Also it can help students improve their sociability. It is a healthy means of communication.,But other people hold the opposite view. They feel that in the countryside, the teachers dont have enough experience in teaching dancing and also there isnt enough room for students to learn dancing. Last but not least, group dancing is just a form or a performance, which cant help students to keep fit. As to me, group dancing may lead to an increase of boys and girls falling in love (with each other) once they have more chances for physical interaction. Yours, Li Hua