《词义引申翻译法》PPT课件.ppt

第7单元 词义引申翻译法,一、课前练笔,Not all mergers, however, are the result of global economic trends, political change or technological innovation. BMWs takeover of the Rover Group injected much needed investment into the struggling UK car manufacturer whilst extending BMWs product range.,然而，并非所有的合并都是经济全球化趋势、政治变化或者技术革新所带来的结果。德国宝马汽车公司接管了罗福汽车集团，这给这个在挣扎中求生存的英国汽车制造公司注入了急需的资金，同时也拓展了宝马汽车公司本身的产品范围。,二、翻译方法讲解,引申翻译法是指“在英汉翻译过程中，根据英语原文上下文的内在联系，从英语原词句的基本意义出发，根据这些词句的具体语境和表达习惯，透过句子中的词或词组乃至整个句子的字面意义由表及里，在汉语译文中对某些词语做一定的语义调整，将其改变为一种适合于表达原文精神实质的新义，并运用汉语中地道的表现法，将原文内容实质准确地表达出来的翻译方法。,引申可以分为四种：逻辑引申、语用引申、修辞性引申和词义概念范围的调整。 逻辑引申，是指在翻译的过程中，由于直译某个词、短语乃至整个句子会使译文不通顺以及不符合目的语的表达习惯，因而就要根据上下文的逻辑关系，对该词、短语或整个句子从其基本意义出发，由表及里，运用符合目的语习惯的表达法，选用确切的词句，将原文内容实质准确地表达出来。, Our unique concept was a response to buyer needs, bringing greater reliability, higher-quality output, exceptional user-friendliness and operational ease. 译文：我们惟一的理念就是：对于购买者的需求有求必应，生产可靠性更高、质量更优的产品，让他们使用时特别方便，操作时特别轻松。, All services in business such as gift wrapping, delivery, and credit have some amount of costs associated with them, and these costs must be covered by higher prices. 译文：商业中的一切服务如礼品包装、送货及赊账都有相应的成本，而这些成本要靠较高的价格来弥补。, International trade occurs when a country does not have enough of a particular item to meet its needs. 译文：当一个国家对于某一特定商品没有足够的量来满足其需要时，就需要有国家贸易。, Exports and imports of goods between nations with different units of money introduce a new economic factor, the foreign exchange rate, which gives the price of the foreigners unit of money in terms of ones own. 译文：在使用不同货币单位的国家之间进行商品出口和进口会引出一个新的经济因素，这便是外汇汇率。所谓外汇汇率，是指以自己国家的货币来给外国货币标出的价格。, International business as a field of management training deals with the special features of business activities that cross-national boundaries. 译文：作为管理训练领域中的国际商务，具有跨疆界的各种商务活动的独特性。, The EECs Common Agricultural policy is a dinosaur which is adding 13.50 a week to the food bill of the average British family. 译文：欧洲经济共同体的农业共同政策早已不合时宜了，它要使英国家庭平均每周在食品开销上多支出13.50英镑。, These days, the U.S. economy isnt “graduating enough scientists to fill the need of the coming decades,” frets Charles C. Leighton, “Thats a real concern.” 译文：近来，美国经济“未培养出足够的科学家来满足今后几十年发展的需要，”查尔斯C 莱顿抱怨说，“这才是真正需要关注的问题。”,修辞性引申。谈到修辞，马上便会让人想起“言之无文，行之不远”这句话。为使译文增色，除真实再现原文中所包含的内容外，还得讲究修辞。这样，在翻译时，往往会因修辞需要而增添一些引申意义。, It is very much like communicating with an accurate robot who has a very small vocabulary and who takes everything literally. 译文：那很像同一丝不苟的机器人讲话那样，机器人只有很少的词汇，而且事事刻板。, The most successful manufacturers make it their business to understand consumer psychology how to use design, both in marketing and production, to make their products “speak” to the consumer. 译文：最成功的制造商总是把了解消费者心理，即在营销和生产中如何运用设计来让产品向消费者“表达情感”，作为职责。,词义的概念范围在具体语境中外延的扩大和内涵的缩小，或外延的缩小和内涵的扩大。 此外，还可根据词义变化和调整的程度不同，也就是根据引申义与本义的差异大小，词义引申分为多个层次，即近似、深化、升华。 这三个层次的引申义与本义的差别由近至远。近似引申，指接近本义，但又不为本义所限的引申；深化引申，指赋予新义，但与本义在字面上尚有蛛丝马迹的联系；而升华引申，则出自本义但在字面上远离本义。, In their rush, these companies have neglected the hardest part of doing business in China; the people part. The result is that many have jeopardized their performance in the long run. 译文：这些公司在一拥而入之中忽略了在中国经营最艰巨的问题，即人的问题，结果许多公司严重损害了他们的远期经营业绩。, The computer makes possible a marvelous leap in human proficiency; it pulls down the fences around the practical and even the theoretical intelligence. 译文：计算机使人类的能力有可能产生巨大的飞跃；它拓展了人类从事实践工作甚至理论工作的智慧。, As the goods you required are in short supply, we intend to furnish you with our commodity as a substitute, which is of good quality and very close to your specifications but will be offered at a more favorable. 译文：由于你方所需的产品供应不足，我们打算提供替代品，其质量与你方指定产品非常接近，而且价格更优。, The Asian countries have designated the year 1992 as “Asian Tourism Year”, and are cooperating in a drive to convince the worlds pleasure-and-culture-seekers of their attractions. 译文：亚洲国家已经将1992年指定为“亚洲旅游年”，它们携手合作，发起宣传攻势，以便让世界各地的猎奇探胜者认可他们的旅游胜景。, The decline in exports, which have been a driving force of the nations economic growth, is a major concern. 译文：一直是这个国家经济增长的驱动力的出口下降了，这是人们主要担心的问题。 No wonder the multinational corporations have been growing fantastically and now dominate many sections of the international market. 译文：难怪各跨国公司一直都在以惊人的速度发展着，这些跨国公司现在主宰着整个国际市场的许多领域。, Equally important are concerns about growing protectionism. The United States and European Union are becoming more assertive in holding China to account over its World Trade Organization obligations. 译文：同样重要的是人们对于渐渐抬头的贸易保护主义的担忧。美国和欧盟在要求中国担当起世界贸易组织所赋予的各种责任方面，态度变得越来越强硬。,三、不同译文鉴赏, Marketing involves product development, pricing, distribution, and communication; and in the more progressive firms, continuous attention to the changing needs of customers and the development of new products, with product modifications and services to meet these needs.,译文一：营销包括产品开发、定价、推销和产品的信息交流；在那些观念较新的企业里，营销还包括关注客户需求的不断变化、不断开发新产品，并且不断的改进产品、改进服务，以满足客户的需求。 译文二：市场营销包括产品开发、定价、分销和信息沟通；在理念更先进的企业里，营销还包括对客户不断变化的需求的持续关注和新产品开发的持续关注，并通过产品修正和产品服务来满足客户的这些需求。,As a result, goods circulate more widely and at lower prices, jobs are created, and wealth is spread. Though people may act from the narrow desire to enrich themselves, “an invisible hand” guides them to enrich and improve all of society.,译文一：结果，商品更广泛地流通，价格低廉，工作被创造出来，财富被扩散。尽管人们可以从狭窄的欲望出发，使自己富有，“一个无形之手”指导他们致富并改进社会。 译文二：结果，商品价格更为低廉、流通更为广泛，就业机会增加，人们的财富也得以增加。尽管人们会从狭义的欲望出发来发家致富，但“一只无形的手”却引导着他们去为整个社会创造财富、去推进整个社会的发展。,Another factor behind the increase in merger activity is the record performa