《词根词缀记忆法》PPT课件.ppt

词汇讲座,A General Survey,外国语与国际交流学院 外国语训练与测试中心 张峰,词根词缀记忆法,单词 ：词首+词根+词尾 常用词首：113 个 常用词根：418 个 常用词尾：122 个 字源分析 模糊对等,Part One,1. a- = negative=not, without Abyss abyss: a- (=without) + byss (bottom) 深渊，深坑，无底洞,Amnesty a- (=not) + mnesty (to remeber) 特赦， 大赦（尤指政治犯） Cf：amnesia a- (=without) +mnes(to remeber) +ia anemia, anaemia 贫血 diphtheria 白喉 malaria 疟疾 neuralgia 神经痛 Amoral atypical atheism atom Atom a- (=without) +tom (to cut ,to divide) Anatomy analyze + tom,Apathy a- (=without) + pathy(feeling) 冷漠 -pathy = feeling Antipathy anti- (=against) +pathy (feeling) 反感 Sympathy Sym- (=together) + pathy (feeling) 同情 Sym- (=together) Symdrome : Sym- (=together) + drome (=to come) 一起来 综合症,Symptom : Sym- (=together) + ptom (=to fall) Fall together 和病一起到来 症状 Symphony ：Sym- (=together) + phony (=sound) phony，phone (=sound) Telephone microphone phonograph Phonograph: phone (=sound) + graph (= to write ) 留声机, 电唱机,graph (= to write ) Autograph: auto(=self)+graph(= to write) 亲笔签名, 署名 Biography : bio (=life) + graph(= to write) 传记 autobiography auto(=self) +bio (=life)+ graph(= to write) 自传 Telegraph Geography ：geo(=earth) + graph(= to write) 记录有关土地的 Photography：photo (=light) + graph(= to write),photo =light 表示“光, 照相, 像片”之义 Photography：photo (=light) + graph(= to write Photographer， Photographic Photocopy : photo (=light) + copy 影印 photochemistry Photoelectric 光电的 photoacoustic 物光声的 Photoactive 光( 激) 活的, 光敏的 photoanalysis 光电分析 photobiology 光生物学 photocell 光电池,2. auto- = self Autobiography Autocracy Autocracy: auto-(self) +cracy (to rule) Rule by oneself 独裁 cracy = rule monocracy Democracy democracy : demo-(=people) + cracy (to rule) 民 主,demo =people demography 人口统计学 epidemic epi-（=among）+ demo-(=people),3. Arch- =chief Architect architect : arch- (=chief) + tect (=builder) Chief builder 建筑师 Archangel chief angel 长天使 Archbishop bishop Archenemy The Devil; Satan 主要敌人,4. spy spect (=to see, look) specimen 标本, 样品, 样本 ( 专门展示的东西 ) specious 似是而非，华而不实 ( 专门让人看 ) aspect 外表, 面貌, (问题等的)方面 a-(ad) = to expect 因等待而向外看 ex-：out inspect 窥视内部 （in-: into）,introspect intro-(=within) + spect (=to see ) 看到心灵内部 - 内省 perspective per-(=through) + spect (=to see, look) 透视图, 远景, 前途, 观点, 观察 prospect pro-(=forward ) + spect (=to see, look) 前景, 前途, 期望,respect re-(= again) + spect (=to see, look) 尊敬, 尊重, 敬意 respectable respectful respective retrospect retro-(= backward) + spect (=to see, look) 回顾，回想：对过去进行回顾 suspect sus-(= sub : under) + spect (=to see, look) 想看外表之下的东西 猜疑,5. ceive= to take ceive cept cip cipate deceive de-= down, away ceive= to take take away 欺骗, 行骗 accept ac-=ad-=to to take conceive con-= with ceive= to take take with 构思, 以为, 持有；怀孕；孕育 ；想象,concept con-= together cept= to put deceive de-= down, away ceive= to take deceit n. deception except ex-= out take out intercept inter- = between cept- = to take to take in between 中途拦截 窃听,perceive per-= through ceive= to take to take through senses 感觉 感知 receive receipt 收据 anticipate anti- = before cipate = take 事先考虑 ,预见，期望 participate 取得一部分 take part （in） 参加,字尾 【1】名词字尾 (1). 表示人的名词字尾 1. ain Captain villian villa 乡下的房子（拉丁语） 别墅, 城郊小屋 village,2. aire billionaire millionaire 3. an, -ian,ean American German barbarian magician musician pedestrian physician European,4. ant assistant descendant emigrant immigrant inhabitant servant tenant 5. ar beggar burglar liar scholar,6. ard,art coward drunkard sluggard 懒人 slug 虚度光阴 Spaniard steward 7. ary adversary contemporary secretary functionary 公务员，职员,8. ate advocate candidate delegate pirate 9. ee committee devotee employee nominee referee refer 委托，委任 trustee,10. eer engineer mountaineer pioneer pion 步兵（法语） volunteer 11. en citizen warden 看守人，监护人 ward 守护,12 ent agent correspondent opponent president resident student 13. er baker customer custom 惠顾 gardener philosopher prisoner,14. ese Chinese Japanese Portuguese 15. ess actress empress hostess princess stewardess,7. ling darling duckling gosling seedling 从种子长出的小苗 yearling 8. ie，y auntie birdie billy daddy kitty pony tommy,(3) 表示抽象意义的名词 1. age courage marriage passage shortage shrinkage usage wreckage 2. al approval arrival betrayal denial,refusal survival trail withdrawal 5. ance ancy ence ency absence appearance attendance confidence innocence utterance vacancy,6. cy aristocracy bankruptcy fallacy intimacy prophecy 7. dom freedom wisdom 8. hood head boyhood likelihood livelihood,9. ics aesthetics arithmetic classics et