非谓语动词作状语.ppt

非谓语动词作状语用法总结,一、不定式、分词作状语的基本原则 不定式、分词作状语时，不定式和分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致,二、不定式作状语,1、目的状语：常用于so as to/(in order) to（so as to 不能用于句首）等句型中。 Her mother plans to fly to Beijing (in order/so as) to visit her. (In order) to make friends easily, you need to be very kind. In order not to be late, he got up early.,2. 结果状语：常用于soas to; suchas to ; enoughto; tooto; only to do（常表示意外或者事与愿违的结果）等 Im not so stupid as to write it down. Im too tired to stay up longer. Jane hurried to the train station, only to find the train left.,George returned after the war, only_ that his wife had left him. A. to be told B. telling C. being told D. told,A,3、原因状语：adj 或者过去分词做表语时，后面可接不定式作原因状语，用以说明产生这种情绪的原因或者所表示的情况等，用于这类结构的形容词或者过去分词常见的有：happy; lucky; glad; sorry; proud; disappointed; surprised等 Im glad to see you. Im sorry to have had you waiting for such a long time.,4. 在“ 主语+系动词+表语（形容词）+ to do”结构中，adj表示主语的特征或性质，句子的主语与动词不定式在逻辑上有动宾关系，需用法不定式的主动表被动。常用的adj有：easy, hard, difficult, important, impossible, interesting, pleasant, nice, comfortable, safe, dangerous等 This question is easy to answer. This book is difficult to understand. The chair is comfortable to sit on.,二、分词作状语,1、注意，分词作状语要看作状语的动词与主句的主语的关系,2、分词或者分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等，为了强调，还可与while, when, once, if, unless等连词连用。,e.g Going straight down the road, you will find the department store,=If you go straight down the road, you will find the department store,=Go straight down the road, and you will find the department store,Working hard, you will succeed.,Generally speaking, if _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.,taken,Hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying. =When they heard the bad news, they couldnt help crying. 当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起来。 Having received his letter, I decided to write back. =After I had received his letter, I decided to write back. 收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。,When offered help, one often says “Thank you.” or “ Its kind of you” Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake.,Being so angry, he couldnt go to sleep.,Having been to the Great Wall many times, he didnt go last week.,They came into the classroom, singing and laughing.,Not having received his reply, she decided to write a second a letter.,The teacher came into the lab, followed by some students.,It has rained for several days, causing heavy traffic jam every day.,过去分词或分词短语作状语相当于状语从句， 表示时间、原因、条件:,1.When he was questioned, he kept silent. When_, he kept silent. 2.Because she was shocked by the article, she wrote a letter to the newspaper. _ by the article, she wrote a letter to 3.Because he was lost in thought, he ran into the car in front of him. _in thought, he ran into 4. If he is given more time, hell make a first-class tennis player. _(give) more time, hell make a first-class,questioned,Shocked,Lost,Given,_ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated _ at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes. A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked,B,A,3. 要注意的问题,问题一 祈使句+and/or+陈述句 和 To do, +陈述句 的区别,_ the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, and you will have a nice strong kite. A. To tie B. Tying C. Tied D. Tie,D,1) _ but he still could not understand it. A. Told many times B. Having been told many times C. He has been told many times D. Though he had been told many times 2) _ so he had no difficulty ( in ) understanding English. A. Because he had been in London for 3 years B. Having been in London for 3 years C. He having been in London for 3 years D. He had been in London for 3 years,问题二 句子还是分词：如果句中有连词（and/ but / or ），要用句子.,C,D,1) Finding her car stolen, _. (01 上海). A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searching thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help,2) While watching television, _. Athe doorbell rang Bthe doorbell rings Cwe heard the doorbell ring Dwe heard the doorbell rings,问题三 要特别注意非谓语的逻辑主语,D,C,3. In order to make our city green, _. A. it is necessary to have planted more trees B. many more trees need to plant C. our city needs more trees D. we must plant more trees 4. Written in a hurry, _ A. Peter made many mistakes in the paper. B. there are many mistakes in the paper. C. we found some mistakes in the paper. D. the paper is full of mistakes,D,D,3、独立主格结构：非谓语动词作状语时，它的逻辑主语应和句子的主语保持一致，但有时非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语，在句子中作状语，我们称之为独立结构。 The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. He came out of the library, (with) a large book under his arm.,When night came on, we put ourselves up in a small hotel. _, we put ourselves up in a small hotel. When all th