倒装句与it用法课件.pptVIP

Welcome,Zhejiang Jiangnan Science and Engineering College You Shisen,倒 装 句 IT 用法,倒 装 (Inversion),为什么要倒装?,1.强调的需要,2.语法结构的需要.,什么叫倒装?,英语的最基本的词序是“主语+谓语”。如果把谓语的全部或部分放到主语前面，叫做倒装。把谓语部分全部移至主语之前，叫做完全倒装；只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，叫做部分倒装。,语序的概念,正常语序（主语在谓语前面）,倒装语序（谓语在主语前面）,Her student stood by her side. I shall never forget it.,By her side stood her student.(全部倒装) Never shall I forget it.（部分倒装）,倒装句的几种常见情形,1、Not+,Not only, Never等否定或基本否定的词或词组放在句首时。,2、Only+ 放在句首时。,3、当There,Here,Away,Up,Out等副词放在句首，并且谓语动词是come,go,be,stand等动词,后面是名词时一般要全部倒装。,4、当句首为so,nor,neither等副词，表明“也这样或也不这样”时,5、介词短语开头要全倒。,正常语序下的表达法(请将以下变为倒装句),1) I had hardly reached the bus stop when the bus started.,2) He little cares about what others think.,3) I seldom get up after 7:00.,4) He did not make a single mistake.,倒装时注意要助动词帮忙哟。,1、表示否定或基本否定的词或词组放在 句首作状语时。,否定词，半否定词，含否定意义的词有：Never, hardly, seldom, little, hardlywhen（刚就）, not only.,1) Hardly had I reached the bus stop when the bus started. 2) Little does he care about what others think. 3) Seldom do I get up after 7:00. 4) Not a single mistake did he make.,2、only引出的状语放在句首时。,Only then did I realize that I was wrong. Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing. Only in this way can you learn from your mistakes.,1) I only realized that I was wrong then.,2) He found out that his watch was missing Only yesterday.,3) You can learn from your mistakes only in this way.,选择： the bell. A There going B goes there C There goes D There go,( C ),3. 注意以下there 等开头副词与be,stand等动词需要全部倒装的情形。,There Here Thus Out Up Away,is/are goes/go/went comes/come/came stands/stand/stood ran 等,主语 （名词）,1) There goes our headmaster. 2) Here is a ticket to Paris and back. 3) Out rushed the children from the room. 4) Up went the kite into the air. 5) Now comes your turn. 6) Away went the naughty boy. 7）In came the teacher and the lesson began. 8) There are many bikes in front of the bookstore. 9) Here comes the bus.,但如果主语是 代词，则不倒装，主谓语序不变。如 Here it is. Away he went.,即副词开头时句子主语是名词时才需要倒装 Now comes your turn.,Here he comes.均不倒装,4、当句首为so,nor,neither等副词， 表明“也这样或也不这样”时,I didnt see the minister, nor did I see his secretary. An airplane cannot reach the speed of light, neither can a rocket.,3）I have never been there, neither has he. She has been to Beijing. So has my wife. You can drive a car. So can I .,5、介词短语开头要全倒。,In front of the house sat a small boy.,Inside the room stand a lot of people.,Next door to ours _ ,who likes singing and dancing very much.,that lives a lovely little girl does a lovely little girl live lives a lovely little girl where lives a lovely little girl,下面我们继续做些题目,1、Hardly _back home when the telephone rang. A.had I come B. I had come C.did I have come D. had come I 2、So loudly _that even people in the next room could hear him. He speaks B. Spoke he C he spoke D.did he speak 3、He has finished his homework, and so_. A. Am I B. have I C. I am D. I have 4、 Only a week later _an answer from him. A. I received B. I did received C. did received I D. did I receive 5、 -Wheres my shirt, mum? - -_ A. There is it B. There it is C. There is D. Here is it,高考真题,1、Not until he finished his homework _ him to watch TV in the evening. （2002年） A. his mother allowed B. his mother had allowed C. did his mother allow D. had his mother allowed,2.So little _about European history that the lecture was quite beyond me. (2004年) A. did I know B. I knew C. do I know D. I know,3. Not until very late that afternoon _ the news that his daughter won the match. (2005年) A. did the father get B. the father got C. the father did get D. got the father,4. _ in the letter did the young man say anything about his mistake. (2010年) Anywhere B. Everyone C. Nowhere D. Somewhere,5. Hardly _ back home, the telephone rang. had I come B. I had come C. did I have come D. had come I (2005年),6. Only in this way _ solve the problem. A. we are sure to B. can we C. that we can D. that can we,IT 用法 （the usage of “it”）,Zhejiang Jiangnan Science and Engineering College You Shisen, 1.it作人称代词 1.1.it的最基本用法是作人称代词，主要指刚提到 的事物，以避免重复: Ningbo is a beautiful city, isnt it? 1.2.也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子): Is this your dog？No, it isnt. 1.3.也可指抽象事物: It was a great surprise to me when he did a thing like that,2.非人称代词it it有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、环境等，称为非人称的it： 2.1.指天气： It is a lovely day, isnt it? It is a bit windy. 2.2.指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back. 2.3.指环境: It was very quiet in the caf.,2.4.指距离： It is half an hours walk to the city centre.,.引导词it 1. It is(was) + 被强调部分 + that(whowhom) .,使用该句型有以下几点请注意： （1）It was yesterday that I met your father in the street（强调时间）,（2） It was in the street that I met your father yesterday（强调地点） ,例：I met your father in the street yesterday. (4) (3) (2) (1),（3） It was your father that（ whowhom） I met in the street yesterday（强调人-宾格）,（4） It was I that（ who）met in the street yesterday（强调人-主格）,注意： 1. 被强调部分为人时，除了可用 It is（was）that外，也可以用It is（was） who(主格或宾格)和与It is（was） whom(宾格)句型。 2.不管被强调部分是什么，只能用that或who,whom. 不能使用where、when等连词. 3.强调句中 也要注意主谓一致、人称一致和否定转移的问题。如： It is they who are our friends It was not until ten oclock that we got home last night =We did not get home last night until ten oclock.,注意不要混淆强调句和其他从句。It is wasthat（who/whom）为强调句标志，去掉后仍可组成一个完整的句子，只是没被强调,而其他从句一般不具备这一特征。 比较： 1) It was ten oclock when we got home last night我们昨晚到家时已十点了。 (非强调句) 2) It was at ten oclock that we got home last night我们昨晚是在十点到家的。 （强调句）,要点点拔,第一句不是强调句，when不可改为that,因为去掉it was和that后，只能组成“We got home ten oclock last night”这样一个不完整的句子；第二句是强调句，that不可改为when,2. It is not until + 被强调部分 + that . 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强调时间状语，译成汉语“直到才”，是 not . until . 的强调形式。,It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. (强调句),= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. (倒装句),= I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. （陈述句）,3. it 用作形式主语或形式宾语 3.1 代替主语从句或宾语从句。 1）It is + adj. +that从句 It is clear (true, possible, certain) that . “清楚（真的，可能，肯定）” It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. It is certain that they will succeed.（it形式主语） They want to make it clear to the pubic that the Diaoyu islands belong to China.（it形式宾语）,3.2. 代替不定式 It is right to do so.(做形式主语) We think it important to learn English. (做形式宾语) 又如： It takes sb. . to do sth. （it形式主语） It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. （it形式主语） It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. (形式主语） important 等 She feels it her duty to help others. （it形式宾语）,It is no good (use ) doing sth. It is no good learning English without speaking English. It is no use crying over spilt milk.,3.4.作形式主语替代ing形式,3.3. It is +v-ed +that 从句,It is said (reported， le