必修1Unit 4学案

Unit 4 Earthquakes（必修1）作者：周 彦单元学习目标1.Know basic knowledge of earthquakes.2.Know how to protect oneself and help others in disasters.3.Write some passages about earthquakes.4.Write a newspaper outline.5.Learn to use the Attributive Clause.Period 1 Warming up and readingStep I Warming up1. How many Nature Disasters do you know?2. Did you hear about Tangshan Earthquake? When did it happen?3.Guess:what may happen before an earthquake?Step II Pre-reading2008.5.12 Wenchuan EarthquakeCan you describe how terrible the earthquake was?Step III ReadingA NIGHT THE EARTH DIDNT SLEEPI. Fast reading1.Read the passage and find out the topic sentence of each paragraph.Paragraph Topic sentence Paragraph 1Paragraph 2Paragraph 3Paragraph 4 2.Join the correct parts of the sentences.1)The chickens didnt eat because a. the army came to help them. 2)The people didnt worry because b. the quake happened while they were sleeping.3)Such a great number of people died because c. they were nervous. 4)Water was needed because d. dams and wells were useless.5)The people did not lose hope because e. they didnt know what the strange events meant.II. Detailed reading1.How many parts can this passage be divided into? 2.Do you know the main idea of each part?Part 1(1) a. The rescue of Tangshan after the earthquakePart 2(2-3) b. The destroy of the earthquake in Tangshan during the earthquakePart 3(4) c. Something strange happened in Tangshan before the earthquake3.True or false1) People in Tangshan were warned of the earthquake and didnt go to bed that night.2) People in Beijing also felt the earthquake.3) More than 400,000 people were killed in the quake.4) Many rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins during the aftershock.5) People tried to get fresh water from under the ground.4.Read the text carefully again and choose the best answer.1)What does “them” in the sentence “No wind, however, could blow them away.” (in Paragraph 3) refer to?A. Red autumn leaves. B. Bricks on the ground.C. Bodies of dead animals. D. Sand in the wells.2)The title “A night the earth didnt sleep” means _.A. the earth was awake all night longB. people on the earth couldnt fall asleep that nightC. the earth shook like crazy that nightD. animals on the earth would not sleep that night3)All the following unusual things happened before the quake except that _.A. the water in the village wells rose and fellB. the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eatC. tens of thousands of cows would never give milk againD. fish jumped out of bowls and ponds4)People in the city went to bed as usual that night because _.A. they didnt think it was strange for water pipes to crack and burstB. they thought it was easy to experience an earthquakeC. they thought sleeping was the most important thing whatever would happenD. they could never imagine there would be an earthquakeIII.Post-reading: Retell the story _ happened in Tang Shan. For a few days, water in the wells _. From the _ of wells _come out. Mice, chicken, pigs and even fish became _. At 3:00 am, everything began to _. It seemed that the world was _. _ of the nation _ it. _ cut across the city. The city lay _. Two-thirds of the people _ or _. Then later that afternoon, another big quake _ Tang Shan. People began to wonder _. But all hope _. _ came to help those _. Slowly, the city began to _.IV. From the reading passage, find the correct word or expression for each of the following meanings.l _ a thin metal piece that carries water l _ a special wall that keeps water l behind it l _ worried or frightenedl _ hurt l _ a deep place to store water to drink l _ a very long water way for boatsl _ the part of a building left after l the rest has been damaged l _a lot of l _ finished; dead l _ put something under the earth l _ go up l _ help to get someone out of danger l _ gas that hot water gives out Period 2 Language points单词学习1. imagine vt. 后接名词，代词，动名词，从句imagine sb.to be 想象某人自我观察Can you imagine living alone in a big house?You cant imagine my feelings after he imagined me to be a thief.imagine后接的宾语从句为否定意义时，要将否定转移，与 think ,suppose用法相同疑问词+do you imagine/think/suppose+陈述句？Eg. Who do you think he can come with? Who do you think will come to help us? Where do you imagine Tom will go?牛刀小试1)we can imagine _. (他的悲伤）2)I didnt imagine _in my childhood. (我会成为一位作家)3)You dont imagine yourself _ （正确的）4)Can you imagine_你能想象我看到它后有多么惊讶吗？2.shake vt.&n.(shook,shaken)摇；颤抖；震动自我学习Shake the bottle before taking the medicine.服药之前把瓶子摇一摇。He came forward and shook me by the hand.他走上前来和我握手。He was shaking with anger.他气得浑身发抖。His heavy steps shook the room.他沉重的脚步使房间都为之震动。Give him a good shake;hes half asleep.摇醒他,他已经半睡了。 探究拓展(1)shake构成的短语:shake off脱离；摆脱；使某人自己免除shake hands with sb. 与某人握手shake ones head 摇头表示不同意in half a shake 立刻(2)同义词:quake “发抖，摇撼”。正式用语,多指整体的摇动,如地震。例如：They felt the ground quake as the bomb exploded.炸弹爆炸时他们感到地面震动。tremble“发抖；抖动”。因恐怖、愤怒、激动或寒冷而使身体无法控制的摇动。例如：We were trembling with excitement.他们因兴奋而发抖。牛刀小试选词填空shake/quake/tremble(1)He was_ with fear.(2)He_his head in disapproval.(3)The house_ when a train goes by.(4)Give the bottle a couple of_before pouring the juice.(5)The bridge_ when the heavy lorry drove over it.汉译英(6)他宣布这一消息时,声音有些颤抖。_(7)我们摆脱了恐惧。 _(8)当她穿过房间时地板晃动。_3. burst vt. & vi. (burst, bursting)爆炸；胀裂；突然而起；闯入；充满；满盈；n. 突然破裂；爆发burst out laughing = burst into laughterburst out crying = burst into tears自我学习1)Hearing the funny story, the kids burst out laughing.2)When told that his son was lost in the forest, the old lady burst into tears.3)The storm burst and we all got wet.4)There was a burst of firing from the guns.5)His every sentence was followed by a burst of applause from the audience.探究拓展burst out 迸发；突然发作；突然起来burst open推开；忽然打开； 裂开burst through冲开；冲破；拨开burst in upon打断(谈话等)；突然出现； 突然到达burst in/ into闯入； 突然出现； 突然起来； 突然发作另外，burst into后接名词时可表示不同的意义：burst into laughter突然大笑起来burst into tears突然大哭起来burst into cheers突然欢呼起来burst out后接动名词也表示同样的意思burst out laughing/crying 突然大笑/哭起来牛刀小试单项填空1)The audience _ laughing when the speaker made a face.A. burst into B. burst out C. burst withD. burst upon2)The second floor burst _ flames and the fire soon spread to the whole building.A. in B. into C. out D. of3)Every time he thought of his past, he couldnt help bursting .A. when; out tears B. that; into crying C. which; into tear D. /; out crying4）The police_into the room and caught the murderer.A.burstB.entered C.looked D.shouted5）The two old sisters,having been separated so long,held each other and burst_ tears.A.into B.out C.with D./4.injure vt.&vi. 损害；伤害自我观察You will injure your health by smoking too much.你吸烟太多,有伤身体。I hope I didnt injure her feelings.我希望我没有伤害她的感情。I was injured in a street accident.我在一次车祸中受了伤。 John fell down from the tree and injured his back.约翰从树上摔下来把背部摔伤了。 探究拓展(1)injury n.伤害；损害 injured adj.受伤的be badly injured 严重受伤潜心辨析 hurt/injure/woundhurt 普通用语,既可指肉体上的伤害,也可指精神上、感情上的伤害。例如:The driver hurt himself badly in the accident.那位司机在那次事故中伤得很重。injure比hurt正式,hurt多指伤痛,而injure则指损害健康、成就、容貌等,强调功能的损失。例如:A bullet injured his left eye.一颗子弹伤了他的左眼。wound指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤,是出血的、严重的伤,特指战场上受伤,它可以指肉体上的伤害,也可指人们精神上的创伤。例如:The bullet wounded his arm.子弹打伤了他的一只胳膊。牛刀小试injure/hurt/wound(1)It was really very dangerous;the horse nearly_ him.(2)My shoes are so tight that my feet_ .(3)He was_ in the leg.(4)He_ one of his legs in a terrible accident.(5)The enemy fired but none of our soldiers were_ .单项填空(6)In the serious traffic accident that happened on the No.2 highway yesterday,three men died,and ten were_.A.injured B.hurt C.harmed D.wounded提示:句意:在昨天2号高速公路上的这起严重交通事故中,有三人死亡，十人受伤。在事故或灾难中受伤常常用injure,harm（枪）伤；hurt心理上受伤。 5. ruin vt. 毁坏；毁灭。既可指实际的东西，也可指抽象的东西。n.U毁坏；毁灭 C（常用作复数）废墟探究拓展in ruins严重损坏；破败不堪；落空bring come to ruin使某人失败；使倾家荡产bring ruin upon oneself自取灭亡fall/go to ruin毁灭, 灭亡; 崩溃; 破坏掉 ruin oneself毁掉自己潜心辨析 destroy/ruin/damage/harmdestroy 表示在肉体上、精神上或道义上的彻底摧毁，使之无法恢复，也可以表示对某物体进行完全的毁坏。ruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打击的结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。damage 一般指对物体或生命的局部损伤，使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值、无作用。这种损伤可以是暴力的或一次性破坏的结果，也可以指非暴力的长期损害的结果。harm 一般指伤害有生命的东西，常指伤及人的健康、权利、事业等。What he faced ruined his hope. 他所面对的使他的希望破灭了。The whole city was destroyed in the earthquake. 整个城市在地震中被毁掉了。Laziness will ruin ones prospects. 懒惰会使人自毁前程。We wanted to have a look at the ruins of Pompeii.我们想看一下庞贝城的废墟。They managed to repair the houses that had been damaged. 他们设法修复了受到破坏的房子。牛刀小试I was by that law case. Im a man. (201011西安月考)A. ruined; ruined B. ruined; destroyingC. damaged; destroyed D. destroyed; damagingMany old temples ruins are now being rebuilt. （原创）A. on B. by C. with D. inWe has no rain for four months,and the harvest was_.A.damaging B.damaged C.ruining D.ruinedAfter the Tsunami passed away,all the villages and towns were_ .And no being was seen.A.in ruin B.in ruins C.at ruins D.for ruinsWhat you said has _ her self-esteem (自尊)；youd better say sorry to her.A. lightened B. angered C. increased D. Ruined6. rescue n.&vt. 援救，营救自我观察The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river. 警察来救他，把他从河里拉了出来。The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake. 营救队在这次地震期间进行了无数次救援。Michael rescued a boy from drowning. 迈克尔把溺水的男孩救了起来。探究拓展rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. 把从营救出来come to/ go to sbs rescue = rescue sb. 援救某人 a rescue team 救援队a rescue mission 救援任务 rescue workers 救援人员牛刀小试用rescue的适当形式填空The mother, along with her two children, from the sinking boat by a passing ship.The firemen five children from the burning house yesterday. 单选The young man dove into the cold water to _ the drowning boy. Everyone was proud of him.A. rescue B. take C. carry D. serve7.trap v. 使陷入困境，卡住 n. 陷井、困境自我观察Twenty miners were trapped underground after the accident.Sand and leaves trapped the water in the stream.The wolf was caught in a trap.Our soldiers pretended to run away and the enemy fell into a trap.Amanda felt that marriage was a trap.探究拓展be trapped in 被困住 be caught in a trap 掉入陷阱fall into a trap 掉入陷阱牛刀小试 The four-year old boy with _ (手指被夹在门里) was crying.They set _ (设了个圈套) for us. Its unbelievable.The police _ the robbers (劫匪) in the bank and caught them in the end. A. trapped B. rescued C. requested D. transported8. buryvt.埋葬；掩埋；使沉浸于自我观察The house was half buried under snow.房子一半被埋在雪中。If you continue to bury your head in the sand and refuse to recognize the fact that some of your classmates are catching up with you, it wont be long before you find yourself left behind.如果你再拒绝承认你的一些同班同学已经赶上来了这一事实，那么不用多久，你就会发现自己落后了。 探究拓展be buried alive 被活埋be buried under 为所压倒；沉浸于,忙于bury (oneself) in 埋头于；专心于；退居于(乡间等)=be buried inbury ones head in the sand自欺欺人，逃避现实（来自鸵鸟的习性）牛刀小试选词填空（burying/buried）I have a sigh, my head in my hands.词组学习1.the number of自我观察The number of competitors is limit.参赛者的数量是有限的。A number of problems have arisen. 已经出现了一些问题。自我归纳意为“的数量、数目”，作主语时谓语动词用单数；a number of意为“一些，很多”，相当于 many, 后接可数名词复数，当它作主语时，谓语动词用复数。探究拓展a large /great/good number of；a great/good many;a good few/quite a few+可数名词复数，意为“大量的”；a great/good deal; a great/ large amount of; quite a little+ 不可数名词，意为“大量的”；a lot of/lots of; a great /large quantity of; large quantities of/ plenty of +可数名词复数/不可数名词均可，意为“大量的”。但是a great/large quantity of ., large quantities of .作主语时谓语动词与quantity形式一致。牛刀小试1)During the past two years, the number of automobile accidents in New York City _ decreased.A. have B. has C. was D. were 2)I know of your classmates are studying French；whats of them?A.the number；a numberB.a number；the numberC.a number；a numberD.the number；the number3) _ beggars were disabled in the area.4) _ of cars on our roads rose dramatically last year.2at an end 结束，终结（= finish）The war was finally at an end.战争终于结束了探究拓展end n.&v. 结事，终结与end搭配的常用短语 at the end of在末尾by the end of到末为止in the end最后，终于at a loose end无所事事；处于杂乱状态make ends meet收支相抵牛刀小试用end短语的适当形式填空。1) We must _ their threats.2) It is with great sadness that I announce that our marriage is _. 3)_, we decided to go to Florida.4) Anyone who swims in the river could _ a nasty stomach upset.单选1）We discussed where to go for a whole morning, but we decided to stay at home_.A. at the end B. by the end C. in the end D. on end 2）After we talked about it for a long time, he agreed to help us _.A. ever since B. at an end C. in the end D. at present3. to the north of 在北边,不接壤in the north of 在北边,在其里面on the north of 在北边,与其接壤河流铁路等旁off .隔离海岸的，在沿岸附近的海洋里1) Japan lies _ the east of China.2) Canada is _ the north of America.3) Qingdao lies _the east of Shangdong province4) Taiwan lies _the east of the coast.4. instead of 代替，而不是自我观察The Chinese use chopsticks instead of knives and forks.中国人不用刀叉,用筷子。Instead of working, Jack was idling away his time.杰克不去工作,虚度着光阴。She decided to leave here on Sunday instead of Monday.她决定星期日而不是星期一离开这里。潜心辨析instead/instead of/in place of/take the place ofinstead 是副词，单独使用，用于句首或句末作状语，意为“而是，相反”。instead of 是复合介词，后接名词、代词、或动名词，意为“代替、而不”。in place of 为介词短语，也是“代替、而不”的意思，表示“以甲代乙”，而instead of则是“用甲不用乙”，除“代替”外，还有对乙否定的意思，有时意为“不”。take the place of (replace)作谓语，用在名词、代词前。Exercises:单项填空I think we should buy a new curtain this one.Yes. It looks a bit ugly .A. to replace; as it isB. to in place of; now C. to take the place of; as it was D. instead of; than that oneWe will go there on foot by bus. What about you? A. instead B. instead of C. without D. but Is it Lucy that is on duty today?Yes, but she is ill, so Ill take her place _.A. instead B. in turn C. therefore D. after all句式学习1. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. In my opinion, the real problem with most students lies in the fact that they are too shy to speak English in public.We are never too old to learn. 自我归纳too . to . 太而不能，表示否定意义。如：探究拓展 注意 在下面两种情况下too . to .表示肯定意义：当too后面接anxious, eager, ready等形容词时。如： Jenny is too ready to speak. 詹妮话太多了。I am too anxious to know the test result. 我太想知道考试结果了！ 当too前面有用于加强语气的only, all, but, far, much等时。如：I am only too glad to meet you. 见到你真是太高兴了。You know but too well to hold your tongue. 你深知保持沉默的好处。牛刀小试1)She is much too happy to help us. 她很高兴，能帮我们做事。He seems tired to do it. But I am only glad to do it.(2010江苏常州一轮)A. very; too B. extremely; tooC. too; too D. very; very2)I think your parents will be _excited to see you after many years study abroad.A.only too B.rather too C.very too D.too much3)Allen had to call a taxi because the box was_to carry all the way home.A.much too heavy B.too much heavyC.heavy too much D.too heavy much4)仿写 _（这个箱子太重了，我提不动它。）2. It seemed that the world was at an end.It seemed as if the end of the world had come. It seems as if youre catching a cold, Taylor. It sounds to me as if he needs professional help.自我归纳as if 意为“仿佛、好像”，常用于系动词be, feel, look, seem, sound, smell等后引导表语从句 注意 在as if引起的从句中，从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气来表示所设想的事情不可能发生；但如果句中的情况可能发生或可能成为事实，特别是当句子的谓语为look, seem, taste, smell等时，从句谓语许多都用陈述语气。如：It seems as if our team is going to win.It seems as if he has learned by heart a speech written by someone else.牛刀小试单项填空Will you go to the exhibition tomorrow?Yes, I will go it，s windy.A. as if B. even though C. as soon as D. as thoughShe took care of the little boy _ he was her own son.A. in case B. so that C. even though D. as if_ seemed as if nobody knew anything about the matter.A. ThisB. ThatC. ItD. One翻译句子你像是见了鬼似的。这个男孩向四周察看，像在寻找什么东西。3. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.自我观察与归纳everywhere 用做连词，等于wherever, no matter where,引导让步状语从句。Everywhere I go, I find the same thing.everywhere作副词时,一般情况下都用在句尾。everywhere 有时作名词“到处”1） 无论他走到哪儿,他都和朋友保持联系2） 我四处去找，但是找不到。3） 到处都似乎