武汉市中考选择填空解题策略.ppt

中 考 选 择 填 空,一解题思路: 语义入手语法排除情境推敲。例如，,1.-What can we do for the environmental protection as students? -We could _ old books and waste paper. A. use B. sell C. make D. recycle 2.-A lot of animals habitat has become _. -Thats the main reason why theyre endangered. A. polluted B. polluting C. pollution D. pollutes 3.-I will have a job interview this morning. -_. A. Youre welcome B. Good luck to you C. Its a nice day D. Youll win it,二具体方法,1. 直接法即直接利用相关语法知识, 通过题干中的已供信息, 捕捉到解题线索, 从而得出正确答案的解题方法, 例: - Will you come to the net bars (网吧) with me? - Sorry. My mother always tells me_ there. A. going B. go C. not to go D. to go,2. 关键词法许多题目中都有这样一些词, 它们对于快速而准确地判定答案起着至关重要的作用。我们称这些词为关键词(key words)。找到句中的关键词, 也就找到了解题的突破口, 例: He hardly hurt himself in the accident, _? A. doesnt he B. didnt he C. did he D. does he,3. 类推法如果对题目的备选答案没有十分把握或把握很小, 不妨利用“如果A对,那么B也对”的类推法, 从而可将A、B予以否定（此法也可用于完形填空），例: - Whos the man at the door? -_ . A. He is a doctor B. He is a friend of mine C. He is a singer D. He is twenty,4. 前后照应法此方法多用于两个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目。 解题前, 透彻理解，然后联系上下文，捕捉隐含信息和暗示语，方能准确找出答案, 例: - He isnt a teacher, is he? - _. He works in a hospital. A. Yes, he is B. No, he isnt C. Yes, he isnt D. No, he is -Your skirt is really beautiful. -Thank you. Do you like _, too? A. apple B. banana C. pear D. orange,5. 排除法根据题干提供的信息，先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除，缩小选择范围, 然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验, 辨别真伪，例: Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002. A. where does she live B. where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived,6. 交际法根据65个交际用语，联系上下文直接解题（注意中西文化差异），例： - Would you like to have another cup of tea? - _. A. Yes, I do B. Not al all C. No, thanks D. Help yourself 以上六种方法，大家要在具备扎实的基础知识条件下，灵活运用。,Conclusion: Meaning Grammar Situation （ 语义 语法 语境 ）,三.做好单选题的六项注意,(一) 注意思维定势的影响，如 1.There are a lot _ people today than yesterday. A. of B. / C. most D. more 2.Shanghai is larger than _ city in New Zealand. any other B. other C. all other D. any,(二) 注意英语习惯表达，排除母语干扰，如 -You are a beautiful girl. -_. A. No, Im not beautiful B. Thank you C. Not at all. D. Im not so beautiful as you,(三) 注意一些特殊的语法现象，如 1. I will ring you up when I _ Wuhan tomorrow. A. will reach B. reached C. reaches D. reach 2. He told me that the sun _ in the east. A. rose B. had risen C. rises D. has risen,(四) 注意生活知识和其他学科知识的积累，如 - How can I tell one tree from another? -You can mostly tell them by the _ of their leaves. A. shape B. size C. age D. color (五) 注意习惯用法，固定搭配，如 If anyone comes to see me this afternoon, please ask him or her to leave a _. A. letter B. message C. sentence D. notice,*(六) 注意陷阱题，如 1.- _ water power stations are there in your country? -Sorry, I dont know. A. How much B. How many C. How far D. How fine 2. It is _ outside. Lets put on our raincoats and go out, Tom. A. cold B. hot C. sunny D. rainy,考点分析,1 动词时态(26.27.28) 2日常用语(29.30.31) 3名词(37) 4 形容词(38) 5代词(34) 6连词(32) 7 宾语从句(36) 8 动词词义辨析，动词短语(35.39.40) 9 情态动词(33),四. 关于动词类考点分析 1. 考查动词的时态(略) 2. 考查动词的语态(略) 3. 考查非谓语动词形式 4. 考查情态动词的用法 5. 考查动词词组 6. 考查近义动词的辨析 7. 考查动词词义 8. 考查动词词类用法,3. 考查非谓语动词，主要为动词不定式和动词-ing形式，具体表现为：,（1）在动词want, decide, agree, hope, fail, plan, wish, learn, choose, would like等之后，只用动词不定式作宾语。如：They decided to visit the farthest island. (2)在动词finish, enjoy, keep, suggest, mind, stopfrom等之后只能用动词-ing形式作宾语。如：Lily finished reading the book yesterday. (3)在动词like, love, begin, start, hate等之后，接to do或doing，意思相同。如：They started to read./ They started reading. (4)在动词remember, forget, stop, go on, try等之后，接to do或doing，意思不同。如：remember to do sth. 表示“记得去做某事”， remember doing sth. 表示“记得做过某事”,（5）在had better (not), Why not, Will you please., tooto, enoughto, Its adj.+ for/of +sb等句型中要用动词不定式（注意省to情况）。如：Youd better not smoke in the meeting room. (6)在使役动词和感官动词make, let , have , hear, see, listen to, feel, watch等之后，接不带to 的不定式作宾补，而help后接do或to do 均可。如：The boss made the workers work 12 hours a day. (7)在动词hear, see, feel, watch等之后接do, 表示动作的全过程已结束，也可接doing,表示动作正进行。如：Listen! We can hear her singing in the next room. (8)在介词后常接动词-ing形式。如：Thank you for helping me.,4. 考查情态动词的用法。例， - Could you please take out the trash? - _, I have to do my homework first. A. Yes, sure B. Sorry, I cant C. Sorry, I couldnt D. Of course not (1) can (现在)能，could (过去)能 (2) could表达委婉语气 (3) could表建议，如：You could memorize the new words by reading aloud. (4) could表推测，如：It could be Lucys.,5. 考查动词词组 (1) 近义词组区别，如： look at, look for, look after, look like; come on, come in, come down, come out, come over; put on, put off, put down, put up; turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up, etc. (2) 固定搭配，如： enjoy oneself, be famous for, be angry with, be worried about, catch up with, speak highly of, take pride in, etc. (3) “动词+介词”和“动词+副词”跟宾语情况，如： ask for, agree with, hear from, put away, write down, etc.,6. 考查近义动词的辨析, 如：say, speak, tell, talk; bring, take, carry; arrive, get, reach; spend, pay, take, cost; borrow, lend, keep; look, see, watch, read; wear, put on, dress; look for, find, find out, look up; join, take part in; listen, hear, sound; hope, wish, expect, etc. 7. 考查动词词义, 不同词在不同情况下的不同意义和用法。如：表示“吃”的不同动词： take medicine, have lunch, drink tea, eat a banana; 动词make的不同用法：make money, make tea, make the bed, make sure, make a model plane, make a mistake等。 8.考查动词及物与不及物（vt./vi.), 延续性与非延续性，联系动词和习语等。,五. 课外积累,1.- We need to _ a time to have a talk, now! - What about tomorrow？I am too busy today. A. put up B. fix up C. use up D. look up 2.- Whats wrong with you? - Im feeling under the _. Ill