初中英语教学和总复习策略.pptVIP

1,郭水源,初中英语教学与中考总复习策略,2,第一部分 初中英语 教学方法探讨,3,预习导纲 （九年级 Unit 1 Topic 1） 一、词语点击 请观察并分析每个单词后所给的例句，然后在横线上填入适当的内容。 develop 1. She developed the factory from nothing. 2. The countryside has developed quite rapidly in China,4,3. It has developed into a very large city. 4. With the development of the Internet, the world is becoming smaller and smaller. 5. He has developed the good habit of making notes while reading. 6. Have there been any fresh developments?,5,结论： develop意为“（使）发展、（使）成长，既可作为及物动词，如：在例句_中它跟有宾语_.在例句_中它跟有宾语habit;也可作为不及物动词（如：在例句_和_中）。其名词形式为_(如：在例句_中它作介词宾语，在例句_中它作的是_).,6,二、短语集锦 1. 你能根据课文猜出下列短语对应的汉语或英语意思吗？ 1）come back from 2) take photos 3) 为感到抱歉 4) 详细地 5) 跟保持练习 2. 你还能找到哪些重要的短语呢？请把它们写在下面的横线上。 _,7,三、语法聚焦 初识“现在完成时” 1、下面的句子和对话中都运用到了现在完成时，请你认真观察不同句式的结构，然后完成后面的表格。 1) I have seen the film twice. 2) She hasnt finished her homework. 3) -Have you ever visited Beijing? -Yes, I have/No, I havent.,8,4) -Where has he gone? -He has gone to the library.,9,2、现在完成时的用法主要有两种： A. 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果； B. 表示从过去某个时间开始一直延续到现在（可能要继续下去）的动作或状态。 请判断下面哪些句子属于用法A，哪些句子属于用法B，将答案写在句后的横线上。,10,1) He has lived here since 2003. _ 2) They have just come here. _ 3) Have you heard from Tom? _ 4) I have studied English for 2 years. 3. 请比较下面两个句子在意思上有什么不同，两者的差异写在横线上。 1) My uncle lived in Rome for four years. 2) My uncle has lived in Rome for four years. _,11,四、课文探究 请观察下列例句search和search for的用法，看看它们后面所跟的宾语有什么特点，然后将结论部分补充完整。 例句： 1. Ive searched my memory, but I cant remember that mans name. 2. They searched every part of the forest. 3. All night they searched for Bruce.,12,4. I must search that lost money until I find it. 5. He searched the hill for gold. 6. The police searched the city for the thief. 结论： search用作，意为“搜查，搜寻”，它后面所跟的宾语表示搜寻的_范围 ;而常常与它搭配使用的介词for后面所跟的宾语表示搜寻的 目标 .,13,运用： 1. 我们正在从哪些记录中搜寻他的地址。 We are searching the record for his address. 2. 我找遍了所有的口袋，但还是没有找到那把钥匙。 I have searched all my pockets, but I cant find that key. 3. 他们寻找那个孩子已经三天了。 They have searched for the child for three days.,14,常用课堂教学方法的应用 一、充分利用图片 1、利用教材中的插图进行教学。 2、利用多媒体图片进行教学 例如： （九年级 Unit 1 Topic 1,15,Unit 1 The changing world Topic 1 China has developed rapidly in recent years ?,16,Look at pictures（一） Ss. look the following pictures and think about what they look in the pictures，then study the sentence structure “have been to ” Role-play and dialog with his partner and answer the questions: “Where has he/she been?”和“what did he/she see or do?”,17,印度童工砸碎石谋生,黄山风景,18,Further study further study the sentence structure “have you ever?”和Yes, I have. / No, I havent.,19,Look at pictures(二) Ss. look at the following pictures and think about what they see in the pictures，then study the sentence structure “has he/she ever”“Yes, he/she has/No, he/ she has never done that.” “When did he/she?”,20,21,二、充分利用教材配套录音 例如： Unit 3 Topic 1 English is widely used around the world I. Listen to the tape and answer the following questions. 1. Will Wang Junfeng be able see more cartoon characters?,22,2. Does Kangkang hope to go there one day? 3. Is Wang Junfeng good at English? II. Listen to the tape and mark True (T) or False (F). ( ) 1. Mickey Mouse was created by Walt Disney? ( ) 2. He didnt give any bread to the mouse.,23,III. Listen to the tape and fill in the blanks. Wang Junfeng and his parents will go to Disneyland in America next weeek. Disneyland _ _by millions of people throughout the world. He will have a good chance to practice _ _, because English is important for communication. English _ _ as the first language in America. It _also widely _throughout the world.,24,第二部分 中考总复习策略,25,中考英语总复习可分为4个阶段 合理安排中考复习时间十分重要。整个英语复习时间安排，可分为4个阶段：（时间安排可以根据实际情况进行临时调整） 以教材为主要参照的横向复习阶段 以专项专练语法项目（词法和句法）的纵向复习阶段 模拟考试及针对中考题型进行专门训练的复习阶段,26,考前应试技巧训练及心态调整阶段 第一阶段复习 全面复习教材, 是后面三个阶段的基础和保证。 时间安排：一个月左右 复习目的：打好基础 复习重点：依标靠本 复习方法：以教材为线索，逐个复习各册课本中出现的短语、词组和语法,27,例如： Unit Five Our school life 复习要点总览 I本单元重点词汇 interest n. 兴趣 例如： His report aroused the interest of all. 他的报告引起了大家的兴趣。,28,v. 使发生兴趣：引起的注意（关心）例如：The new method will certainly interest you. 这种新方法肯定会引起你的兴趣。 adj. interesting 有趣的，物作主语；interested 感兴趣的，人作主语 例如：The story is interesting . 那个故事很有趣。 Children are interested in stories . 孩子们对故事很感兴趣。,29,II单元词组小结 borrow sth from sb / borrow sb sth 向某人借（进）某物 例如： May I borrow the bike from you ? / May I borrow your bike ? 我可以借一下你的自行车吗？ lend sth to sb / lend sb sth 向某人借（出）某物 例如： Could you please lend your watch to me ? / Could you please lend me your watch ? 你愿意把你的手表借给我吗？,30,keep 保存、保留 表示借多长时间 例如： How long can I keep the book ? 这本书我能借多长时间？ III、重要语法点 1、原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的连词有because, as, since等，例如： As he was ill, he didnt go to school yesterday. 由于生病，他昨天没有去上学。,31,Since everyone is here, now lets begin our meeting. 既然大家都来了，我们就开始开会吧。 He was late for school yesterday morning, because he got up every late. 由于很迟起床，他昨天上学迟到。 2、系动词feel, taste, smell， become等只能用形容词做表语，例如： Every day he always feels very happy. 他每天总是很开心。,32,3、make+宾语+名词（动词不定式（形容词，名词）做宾补，例如： The teacher made us copy the passage again. 老师要我们把那一段再抄一遍。 We should try our best to make our country more beautiful. 我们应该尽最大努力，使我们的国家更加美丽。 We all make him our monitor. 我们都选他当班长。,33,4、形容词同等级比较 构成：肯定形式：as+形容词原级+as;否定形式：not so(as)+形容词原级+as; 例如： He is as tall as his father. 他和他的父亲一样高。 This room isnt so big as that one. 这个房间没有那个房间大。,34,IV、日常交际用语 一、谈论电影和戏剧，描述情感 1. -Hi! How are you doing? -Fine, thanks! And you? 2. -What movie are they going to see? -They are going to see The Sound of Music. 3. Please say thanks to your parents. 4. I want to go but I have no tickets. I am disappointed.,35,5. -How does Mr. Lee feel? -He feels disappointed. 6. -Kangkang, have you set the table for your friends? -Yes, Mom. I have prepared four places. 7. I hope everything goes well. 8. I am sure Mr. Lee will be surprised and happy. 9. She said Mr. Lee could use their tickets since they were not able to go.,36,二、与别人进行情感交流或提出建议 1. -She looks so blue and unhappy. -Oh dear! Im sorry to hear that. 2. -I think I should have a talk with her. -Oh, yes, please. 3. -What is the teacher like? -He is strict with us. 4. -Hi, Beth. Is everything all right? You seem sad. -I didnt pass the English exam because of the pirated book.,37,5. I would really like someone to be my friend, but I dont know how to get other students to talk with her. 6. Every gets these feeling at your age. 7. She tells me jokes and always makes me laugh. 8. I am sure she would like to be your friend.,38,三、表达事情对自己的感情的影响 1. -Are you feeling better? -No, Im feeling even worse. 2. Follow the doctors advice and youll get well soon. 3. -Im afraid we have to go now. Please take good care of yourself. -OK, I will. Thanks a lot. 4. -Im very happy for Michael. He is feeling better. -Thats great.,39,5. If we stay angry for too long, well be ill. 6. The boy is unhappy because his teacher didnt make him monitor. 7. Some programs on TV make me want to sleep. 8. They can make feel very sad.,40,中考真题回放 1. Old Henry became _ several years ago. He could no longer see anything.（2006漳州） A. blind B. deaf C. lonely D. weak 分析：根据句子“He could no longer see anything.”可以判断，这里只能用形容词blind, 因此，答案选A。 2. -The classroom is _ clean _ it was yesterday. -Sorry, I forgot to clean it. （2006 福州） A. as; as B. so; as C. not so; as D. more than 分析：从后一句“Sorry, I forgot to clean it”得知，前面只能用否定结构，因此，答案选C。,41,单元考点训练 一、词汇。 二、句型训练。 三、口语运用。 四、英汉互译。 五、完形填空。 六、阅读理解 七、书面表达,42,第二阶段复习 专项训练。 时间安排：一个月 复习目的：根据语法分类进行复习和训练 复习重点：词类，时态及复合句 复习方法：教师系统讲解专项训练，以教师总结为辅，学生复习为主,43,这一阶段所复习的内容包括冠词、名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词、连词、动词、句子等。词类的综合复习：名词、代词、形容词、副词、冠词、介词、数词、动词及词语辨析，以基础复习为先导，根据考生易错的知识点和最新考试方向细致讲解，重点突出。更有各种同类易混词语辨析，系统且对比性强。句式及从句的归纳：不定式、状语从句、宾语从句、句型结构、句型转换。,44,词汇： 一、归纳梳理四会掌握的单词 1、同音异形词 father-farther buybye 2、同义、近义词 1）名词同义词 center-middle clothes-dress 2）动词同义词 answer-reply fall-drop,45,3）形容词同义词 all-whole alone-lonely 4）副词同义词 ago-before almost-nearly 5）代词同义词 everybody-everyone 6）连词同义词 if-whether when-while,46,7）介词同义词 about-on among-between 2、反义词 1）名词反义词 back-front danger-safety 2）代词反义词 all-none both-neither 3）动词反义词 accept-refuse ask-answer,47,4）形容词反义词 alive-dead angry-happy 5）副词反义词 always-never alone-together 6）介词反义词 above-below against-for 3、词义辨析 across-through after-behind,48,二、归纳梳理应掌握的习惯用语或固定 搭配 1、同义词组 1）同义动词词组 be away-go away be from-come from 2）其他同义词组 again and again-over and over as a matter of fact-in fact from now on-in future,49,2、反义词组 1）反义动词词组 be different frombe similar to 2）其他反义词组 at first-in the end different from-the same as 语法： I. 英语词类,50,一、名词 【考点直击】 1可数名词和不可数名词的用法； 2名词所有格的构成及用法； 3近义名词的辨析。 【实例解析】 【中考演练】 （一） 单项填空 （二）根据下列句子的情景及所给汉语注释，写出所缺单词。,51,（三）根据句意和所给首字母写出所缺 的单词。 二、形容词和副词 【考点直击】 1. 形容词的用法； 2. 副词的用法； 3. 形容词和副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法； 4. 形容词和副词在句中的区别和位置。,52,1. 形容词的用法 (1) 形容词在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语补足语。 例如： Our country is a beautiful country. （作定语） The fish went bad. （作表语） We keep our classroom clean and tidy. （作宾语补足语） (2) 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。 I have something important to tell you. Is there anything interesting in the film.,53,(3) 用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。 Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting. You can take any box away, big or small. (4) the形容词表示一类人或物 The rich should help the poor.,54,2. 副词的用法 (1) 副词在句中可作状语,表语和定语。 He studies very hard. （作状语） Life here is full of joy. （作定语） When will you be back? （作表语） 副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类： 1)时间副词 2)地点副词 3)方式副词 4)程度副词 5)疑问副词,3)方式副词,55,(2)副词在句中的位置 1)多数副词作状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语之后。 例如：Mr Smith works very hard. She speaks English well. 2)频度副词作状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和be动词之后。例如： He usually gets up early. Ive never heard him singing. She is seldom ill.,56,3)程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面, 但enough作副词用时，通常放在被修饰词的后面。例如： It is a rather difficult job. He runs very fast. He didnt work hard enough. 4)副词作定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词之后。例如： On my way home, I met my uncle. The students there have a lot time to do their own research work.,57,(3)部分常用副词的用法 1) very, much 2) too, either 3) already, yet 4) so, neither 3. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 (1) 两个人或事物的比较时（不一定每一方只有一个人或一个事物），用比较 级。,58,(2) most 同形容词连用而不用 the,表示 “极, 很,非常, 十分“。 Its most dangerous to be here. 在这儿太危险。 (3) “The+形容词比较级., the+形容词比较 级.“表示 “ 越. 就越.“。 The more you study, the more you know. (4) “ 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较 级 “, 表示 “ 越来越. “。 Its getting hotter and hotter.,59,(5) 主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。 This box is as big as mine. (6) the + 形容词 表示某种人。 He always helps the poor. (7) 形容词和副词最高级用于三个或三个以上的人和物进行比较。 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.,60,三、动词 1、动词的基本形式 1）动词第三人称单数形式（列表） 2）过去式和过去分词（列表） 3）现在分词（列表） 注：动词的-ing形式还有下列特殊情况： die-dying tie-tying lie-lying,61,2）系动词 3）及物动词和不及物动词 4）助动词 5）情态动词 例如： can和could (could为can的过去式) 的基本用法 (1)表示能力 He can speak English better than you.,62,(2)在疑问句和否定句中表示“怀疑”、“猜测”或“可能性” Can this green bike be Liu Dongs? (3)表示“许可”时can可以和may换用 You can (may) go home now. (4)如果要表示语气婉转，可用could代替can，这时could不再是can的过去式 Could you come again tomorrow? (5)can和be able to都可表示能力，两者的 区别。He will be able to do the work better.,63,II. 动词的时态和语态 1、主动语态（掌握6种时态：1）一般现在时；2）现在进行时；3）一般过去时；4）一般将来时；5）过去进行时；6）现在完成时。理解2种时态：1）过去完成时；2）过去将来时。） 2、被动语态（掌握2种） 一般现在时； 一般过去时,64,例如：一般现在时 1) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征,常和always, often, usually, sometimes, everyday等时间状语连用。 如：He usually goes to school on foot. 他通常步行去上学 2) 习惯用语。 如：Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。,65,3) 经常性、习惯性动作。 如：He always helps others. 他总是帮助别人。 4) 客观事实和普遍真理。 如：The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 5) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动 、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词 ）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。.,66,如：The next train leaves at 3 oclock this afternoon 下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。 How often does this shuttle bus run? 这班车多久一趟？ 6) 在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将来事情。 如：When you arrive in Beijing, please phone me. 你到达北京时，给我打个电话。,67,即景活用 Multiple choice 选择填空 1) Ann _ her hair every week. A. is going to wash B. wash C. washes D. is washing 2) They usually _ TV in the evening. A. watch B. will watch C. are watching D. watches 3) The sun _ in the east and_ in the west. A. raises; set B. rise; sets C. rises; sets D. rises; set,68,III. 非谓语动词 1、动词不定式（掌握） 2、动词-ing形式（理解） 3、动词的-ed形式（理解）,69,IV. 主从复合句 1、宾语从句； 2、状语从句； 3、定语从句； 4、主语从句（理解） 5、同谓语从句（理解） 6、表语从句（理解）,70,定语从句 第一步： 用英文歌曲Thats why 作导入, 要求学生完成4句带定语从句的歌词： 1. Youre the one who set it up 2. Every little thing you said 3. Im not the man your heart is missing 4. I wont forget the way youre kissing 第二步： 让学生跟唱 Thats why,71,第三步： 讨论和提供带定语从句的谚语： 1. God helps those who help themselves. 2. All that glitters is not gold . 3. He who laughs last laughs best . 4. He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man .,72,第四步： 猜词游戏(带定语从句) A machine that can fly in the sky . What is it ? 第五步： 完成句子竞赛(带定语从句的句子) A student is a person (who ) 第六步：完成书面习题练习 第七步：小组讨论归纳相关规则,73,V. 专项训练 中考解读 单项选择、完形填空 阅读理解 书面表达,74,单项填空 单项填空主要考查考生的语法知识和运用语法知识的能力，以及对词语和词语搭配、习惯用语等的正确理解能力。这部分试题覆盖面广，淡化了语法，突出了语言的实用性。从设计的角度看，这部分考查的重点不是语法结构和词汇记忆，而是把语法和词汇知识的测试放在适当的情景中，强调了语言知识的实际应用和交际功能。大多数题目考查考生在特定语境中理解和运用语法、词汇等基础知识的能力。,75,比一比 1. -Our country a lot in the past few years. A. changed B. is changing C. has changed D. will changed 2.-Hi ,are you Mary ? I hardly recognize you. -How funny you are! I dont think I a lot. A. changed B. is changing C. have changed D. will changed,76,2008中考单项选择试题 模拟举例,现在很流行哦！,77,例1 - What a hot day! Have you had a drink? - Yes. But Id like to have _ after work. A. it B. one C. other D. another 例2 - Nancy, how long does it take to fly to Canada? - Sorry, I dont know. But I can telephone my father to _ it for you. A. do B. check C. catch D. find 例3 - I hit a tree on the way to meet my friend at the railway station. - I suppose you _ too fast. A. drive B. are driving B. drove D. were driving 例4 -My God! Im nearly lost in this city. -Yeah. The city _ a lot. A. changed B. has changed C. is changing D. will change,78,单项选择中 学生答题常见错误思维分析,79,（1）-Are you going to Beijing by plane? -Its fast, but expensive. So I am not sure. I _ take a train. A. should B. may C. must D. will 错选D的学生所解释的原因为：问句有be going to结构，表示将来时态，所以选择will。 老师经常说：用什么时态问，就用什么时态回答。,80,（2）-What a hot day! Have you had a drink? -Yes. But Id like to have _ after work. A. it B. one C. other D. another 错选B的学生所解释的原因为：老师经常比较it和one的用法，这里用代词代替a drink，同类不同物，所以选one；但如果把other和another放在A选项和B选项，我就会选another，因为考点应该是对other和another的辨析。,81,（3）-Nancy, how long does it take to fly to Canada? -Sorry, I dont know. But I can telephone my father to _ it for you. A. do B. check C. catch D. find 错选C的学生所解释的原因为：平时对catch一词的用法考得最多，对catch the bus，You speak too fast, I cant catch it这种搭配特别熟悉，而check和时间搭配平时老师讲得少，所以认为选catch的可能性最大。,82,（4）-Whom would you like to be your assistant, Jack or David? -If I had to choose, David would be _ choice. A. good B. better C. the better D. the best 错选B的学生所解释的原因为：Jack和David，两者之间用比较级，形容词比较级前不用定冠词the，最高级前才要用the，所以选better。,83,（5）_ spending our vacation in a hotel, why not try hiking in the country? A. Instead of B. Because of C. Thanks to D. As for 错选D的学生所解释的原因为：汉语搭配“关于（至于），为什么不？”，所以选As for。,84,（6）-Inventors have changed the way we live. -So they are famous for the great things they _. A. do B. did C. are doing D. had done 错选D的学生所解释的原因为：第一句用了完成时态，第二句很可能也用完成时态，另外，发明家出名肯定是因为已经完成了伟大的事情，所以就选了had done。,85,（7）-Have you found the information about famous people _ you can use for the report? -Not yet. Ill search some on the Internet. A. which B. who C. what D. whom 错选D的学生所解释的原因为：定语从句的先行词是人，引导词就用who，在句中做宾语，就用宾格whom。这里的先行词是famous people，在定语从句中又是做宾语，所以引导词当然是whom。,86,完形填空 (1)“完形填空”试题的命题，基本上遵循“突出语篇，强调应用，注重实际”的设计思路。考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对词汇知识的掌握情况，即要求考生通读短文，掌握文章大意，综合运用所学的词汇、语法等知识，从试题所提供的词汇、短语中判断出使短文意思通顺、结构完整的词汇或短语。,87,（2）完形填空试题设空与选项的特点 选材时代感强、思想健康，首句不设空，在布空方面以实词为主，动词、名词为核心，形容词副词铺垫，充分体现了语言知识运用的特征。,88,试题特点：情景推理多，语法选项少 完形填空试题要求考生根据文章的整体内容、层次结构和内容逻辑关系去选择符合文章情节的答案，这就决定了试题考查必须以情景意义选择为主。这种试题的特点是：孤立地看对应挖空的句子，四个备选答案都能满足句子的要求，无论将哪个答案填进去，从词法上说都是正确的。要确定试题的正确答案，只能根据全文的内容和情节的发展，使所选答案满足为文章中心内容服务的需要。当然，有个别备选答案要依据语法知识去判断选择。 近年中考英语完形填空试题中，完全根据语法知识进行选择的很少。有的小题，既考查语法知识，也考查意义选择，我们称其为“语法加意义”选择；无需语法知识，只根据文章内容确定答案，称为 “情景意义”选择。目前，后者几乎已经覆盖了完形填空的全部试题。,89,完形填空试题的三个难度等级 一、词组层次。需要填的词，和它前或后的词有固定的搭配关系，只要看空缺前或后的词便能决定该填什么。例如： look _ the new word in a dictionary, husband and _,up,wife,90,二、句子层次。空缺需要填什么词，本句之内就可以决定，不用超出句子的范围。 如：What _ he do last Sunday? Can you tell me _ Tom comes from?,did,where,这个也难不倒你们。,91,三、 三、语篇层次。空缺需要填什么，光看本句不成，要超出句子在语篇层次上考虑才能决定。例如： Man is the cleverest animal on earth. He can travel in outer space and land himself on the moon. But in his war against his enemy the rat in his home, he seems always to be the _. A. winner B. loser C. hero D. coward(懦夫)。 这里的空缺该填什么，仅仅看本句难以决定。要超出句子从语篇语境的层次去考虑，才可以决定空缺应填B。,知道这个厉害了吧，哼！,92,实例分析 1. 考查英语固定搭配、习惯用语的运用。此时，考生不需对句意有太多的理解，一眼就能锁定答案。如： She 38_ the radio and sang songs while she was driving. (江西省中考卷) A. turned on B. turned over C. turned off D. turned down He 43 (killed three people) at Atlanta courthouse on March The police were 44 him. 江西省中考卷) A. waiting for B. thinking of C. looking at D. searching for,93,2. 考查对文段语境的理解能力。考生必须通过语境作出判断，一般要看懂一两句话作情景铺垫。例如： His coughing stopped my thinking. What was left to say? How could I say 53 to the person who taught me everything? (江西省中考卷) 53. A. goodbye B. hello C. yes D. sorry The next morning I 54 (woke up), looked at my alarm clock, and realized he had left 55 ago. We never even said goodbye. (江西省中考卷) 55. A. minutes B. hours C. days D. weeks,94,3考查对文章内容进行逻辑分析、推理判