2020版高考英语大一轮复习第1部分Unit1Greatscientists教案（含解析）新人教版必修5.docx

Unit 1 Great scientists话题单词1analysevt.分析2measurev测量3observev观测，观察4explorev探索5solvevt.解决6simplifyvt.简化7equipvt.装备，配备8createv创造9inventvt.发明10inspirev鼓舞，启示11researchv研究12curiousadj.好奇的13accurateadj.精确的14radioactiveadj.放射性的15digitaladj.数字的，数码的话题短语1applyto适用于，运用2makeprogressin某方面取得进步3succeedindoingsth.成功做某事4putonesheartinto致力于5workhardat努力做6decide/bedeterminedtodo决定做7mean/intend/plantodo打算/计划做8makegreatcontributionsto.为做出巨大贡献9oneofthebest/most important.最好的/最重要的之一10haveagoodcommand/knowledgeof精通11layagood/solidfoundationin.在奠定牢固的基础12sendupanothermanmadesatellite发射另一颗人造卫星13sendupamannedspaceship发射载人飞船14showanearlyinterestin.很早就开始对感兴趣15putonesheartinto/be devoted into/beabsorbedin专心于，致力于话题佳句1Knowledgeispower.知识就是力量。2Heplannedtogoabroadforfurtherstudies.他计划出国深造。3Greatworkisperformednotbystrengthbutbyperseverance.完成伟大的事业不在于体力，而在于坚韧不拔的毅力。4Inconclusion，onthewaytosuccess，oneshouldbringhispatienceandperseverance.总之，在成功的道路上，一个人需要有耐心和毅力。5Everyoneshoulddevotehimselftobuildingourmotherlandintoastrongcountry.每个人应该为把我们祖国建设成为一个强大的国家而奉献自己的力量。佳作背诵未来家用机器人社会发展到了2050年，照顾老年人成了一个突出的社会问题。你公司顺应社会需求适时推出了家用机器人。请你根据以下内容写一个发言稿，在新闻发布会上向大家推荐你公司的这一新产品。该机器人的主要功能有：1可以在固定的时间做饭，做饭时间可以根据个人需要进行调整；2可以陪老人聊天、下棋、做运动等；3及时处理突发事件，例如在老人突然病倒时及时拨打呼救电话等。注意：1.词数不少于100；2内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯。参考词汇：突出的，显著的prominentLadiesandgentlemen，Thankyouforattendingourcompanysnewsconference.Asyouknow，withthedevelopmentofeconomy，peoplehavetofacevariouspressures.Theydonthaveenoughtimetoattendtotheoldpeopleintheirfamilies，whichhasbecomeaprominentsocialproblem.Tosolvethisproblem，ourcompanyputoutthehouseholdrobot，whichisdesignedtotakecareofoldpeople.Itcancookmealsatafixedtimewhichcanbeadjustedaccordingtoindividualneeds.Itcanalsoaccompanyoldpeopleinhavingachat，playingchess，anddoingexercise.Moreover，itcandealwithemergencies.Forexample，ifanoldmanfallsillsuddenly，therobotwillcalldoctorsforhelp.Itwouldbeagreathelpforyouifyouownsucharobot.Thankyou.识记思考运用1核心单词attendvt.照顾；护理；出席；参加curen&vt.治愈；痊愈；治疗handlen&vt.柄；把手；处理；操纵absorbvt.吸收；吸引；使专心suspectvt.&n.认为；怀疑；被怀疑者；嫌疑犯blamevt.&n.责备；谴责；过失；责备exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光exposedadj.无遮蔽的；无保护的；风险高的analysevt.分析analysisn分析concludevt.&vi.结束；推断出；conclusionn结论；结束pollutevt.污染；弄脏pollutionn污染instructvt.命令；指示；教导instructionn教授；传授instructionsn用法；说明contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；contributionn贡献2阅读单词pumpvt.用泵抽水datan资料，数据enquiryn询问linkv.连接；联系spinv.(使)旋转；纺(线或纱)germn细菌defeatvt.击败；战胜chartn图表；航海图universen宇宙foreseevt.预见；预知movementn.运动，活动victimn牺牲者；受害者positiveadj.积极的；肯定的fireworkn.焰火co-operativeadj.合作的severeadv.严重的；严厉的；严格的；严肃的cautiousadj.谨慎的cautionn谨慎announcevt.宣布；通告announcementn通知；宣告rejectvt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃rejectionn拒绝；抛弃enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的enthusiasmn热情challengen&vt.挑战challengingadj.困难的；挑战性的scientificadj.科学的sciencen科学scientistn科学家characteristicadj.典型的，独特的charactern性格；特色；人物characterizevt.以.为特色；具有.的特性physicsn物理学physicaladj.物理的；身体的physicistn物理学家physiciann医生；内科医师creativeadj.有创造力的；独创的createvt.创造；创立creationn创造；创造物responsibleadj.有责任的；负责的responsibilityn.责任；职责用上面所给单词的适当形式填空1Thatyear，Iattended (attend)aseminarwherewewereaskedtocreateaprojectthatwouldtouchtheworld.2Insteadofblaming(blame)thechildwhohadbrokenthevase，shegavehimatolerantsmileandlethimgo.3Intheendtheideaalmostleadsthemtothesameconclusion(conclude)4Afterhewascured (cure)ofthecancer，helivedanormallife.5Notknowingwhatwaswrongwithhiscar，Tomdecidedtosendforanexperiencedmantohandle (handle)theproblem.6Thesesoldierswereputinprisonbecausetheyrejectedobeying(obey)orders.7Tooursurprise，manyriversandlakesnearbyareseriouslypolluted (pollute)8WhenIcamein，hewasabsorbed(absorb)inreadinganewnovel.9Werenotsayingthateveryoneneedstocontribute(contribute)theirlivestothepoor.10Theyoungplayerwasdefeated(defeat)byhispartnerinthegame，buthedidntloseheart.1后缀sion构成的抽象名词集锦admission准许进入；承认conclusion结论；结束confusion混乱expression词组；表达式oppression压迫；压制permission允许profession职业；专业revision修正；复习2后缀ment构成的抽象名词一览development发展disappointment失望excitement兴奋improvement改进，改良movement运动settlement定居点treatment对待，待遇judgment判断3“熟练的”归纳expertadj.熟练的；内行的skillfuladj.熟练的；灵巧的skilledadj.熟练的；有技能的experiencedadj.熟练的；有经验的4以-ic结尾的常见形容词(1)characteristic特有的；独特的(2)scientific科学的(3)enthusiastic热情的；热心的(4)energetic精力充沛的(5)fantastic极好的5含fore-前缀的单词面面观foreheadn额头forearmn前臂forecastvt.预报foreseevt.预见forewordn前言foretellv预言；预示识记思考运用1动词副词(介词)putforward提出；将提前expose.to使显露；暴露link.to将和联系或连接起来lead.to通向，导致lookinto调查；窥视2其他形式draw/reach/cometo/arriveataconclusion得出结论apartfrom除之外；此外(be)strictwith.对严格要求的makesense讲得通；有意义be enthusiastic about对热情cure sb. of治好某人的用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1Welllookintothematterfirstbeforecomingtoadecision.2Itdoesnotmakesensetobuythatexpensivecoatwhenthesearecheaper.3Heiseasytogetalongwith.Apartfromthat，heisadeterminedboy.4Sheiskind，butsheisstrictwithmystudy.5Thetelevisioncamerawaslinkedtoacomputer.6Fromwhatissaidabove，wecandrawaconclusionthatcomputersaremoreablessingthanadisaster.1“动词n.to”必备短语集锦add.to增添；增加compare.to把比作devote.to把专用于；贡献给expose.to使显露；暴露link.to.将和联系或连接起来supply.to供应给2“除之外”必备短语一览apartfrom/asidefrom除之外，根据上下文的不同，可以分别相当于besides，except或exceptfor。inadditionto除之外(还，也)，常与also，more，other等连用。exceptfor除以外，其后所跟的词往往与前面的不是同一类的，是指整体中除去的一个细节或某一方面。在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通背原句学句型练仿写1.Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。neither.nor.连接两个并列的句子成分。我妻子和我本人都没能说服女儿改变主意。NeithermywifenorImyselfwasabletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind.2.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.所以每次爆发霍乱时，都有成千上万惊恐的人病死。everytime作连词用，引导时间状语从句。每次我去看她时，她都全神贯注于研究工作。EverytimeIwenttoseeher，shewasabsorbedinherresearchwork.3.Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。“only状语(从句)”位于句首时后面的主句需用部分倒装。只要你有目标而且持之以恒地去追求，那么你的梦想就能实现。Onlyifyouhaveagoalandgoforitwithperseverancecanyourdreamsbeachieved.3500词汇语境篇先练后背，事半功倍AStrangeDiseaseWhentheconstructionofthefireworkfactorycametothestageofpainting，apumpwasputin.Then，allthepaintersintheneighbourhoodweredefeatedbya1.severe(severely) disease2.whosecharacteristicwasaliketothatofabadburn.Anexpertphysician3.wasinstructed(instruct) toattendtothevictimsandhandlethiscase.Hewasenthusiastic，buthedidntforeseethatitwas4.ahardchallenge.Aftersimpleenquiry，heannouncedthatthe5polluted(pollute) paintwastoblame.But6.withoutpositiveevidence，peoplesuspectedandrejectedhisview，sayingthetheoryheputforwardmadenosense.Beingmuchmorestrictwithhimself，he7.contributed(contribute) himselftothecase.Apartfrommakingenquiries，hemadedetailedchartsandanalyzedthedata8.cautiously(cautious) .Finally，hedrewa9.scientific(science) conclusion，linkingthediseasetotheradiuminthepump.Exposedtoradium，akindofradioactivematerialintheuniverse，peopleabsorbedradiationandgotsickimmediately.Spinningthepumpbackward，hetookawaytheradium.Thissimplemovementcuredallthe10.victims(victim)concludevt.&vi.结束；推断出(教材原句)Drawaconclusion.得出结论。拓展词：conclusionn结论；推论(1)concludeconcludesth.toconclude最后(2)draw/reach/arriveat/come to/leadtoaconclusion得出结论cometotheconclusionthat.所得结论是inconclusion最后(1)Inconclusion，Iwouldliketoexpressmythankstoeveryone (thankeveryone) whohashelpedus.最后，我要感谢所有帮助过我们的人。(2)语境活用JacksaidhecouldconcludefromJanesexpressionthatJanehadstolenhismoney.ButeveryoneknewJackalwayscametoaconclusion(conclude)withoutanyevidencetosupporthisconclusion(conclude)Inconclusion(conclude)，nobodywaslikelytobelieveJanewasathief.杰克说他能从简的表情断定简偷了他的钱。但是每个人都知道杰克总是没有任何证据地得出结论来支持他的推论。最后，没有人愿意相信简是个贼。(3)写作能力提升从以上讨论可以得出两个结论。Twoconclusionscanbedrawnfromtheabovediscussion.(被动语态)Therearetwoconclusionstobedrawnfromtheabovediscussion.(不定式作定语)attendvt.照顾；护理；出席；参加；上学(教材原句)JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondonsoexpert，indeed，thatheattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。拓展词：attendancen出席，参加；上学；到场attendantn服务员，侍者，侍从，随从；护理者attendalecture/a meeting/aconference/school/class/church/party听讲座/出席会议/上学/上课/做礼拜/参加聚会attendto处理；照顾attendon/upon sb.伺候/照顾某人(1)ThatholidaymorningIdidnthavetoattend(attend) school.那个假日的早上，我不必去上学。(2)写出下列句子中黑体词的含义Attendtoyourworkandstoptalking.专心Thenurseswereattendingtotheinjuredman.照顾，护理Hetookashortleaveofabsencetoattendtopersonalbusiness.处理Mindyourself，faceforwardandattendtotheteacher！倾听(3)单句语法填空Wouldyouliketojoinusinthegame?Imafraidnot，forIhavesomethingimportanttoattend(attend)to.Youmustattendtoyourwork.Youhavemissedseveralattendances(attend)thisterm.exposev使置身于危险中；暴露；揭露；使曝光(教材原句)Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.但他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。拓展词：exposedadj.暴露的；无遮蔽的exposuren显露；暴露；揭露；曝光expose.to使显露；暴露beexposedto暴露于，处于危险中exposesth.tosb.向某人揭发某事exposesb.tosth.使某人接触到某物，使面临，使遭受(1)Hesmiledsuddenly，exposing(expose) asetofamazinglywhiteteeth.他突然微笑了一下，露出一副雪白的牙齿。(2)Wewanttoexposethekidstoasmuchartandcultureaspossible.我们想让孩子尽量多地接受艺术和文化的熏陶。(3)写作能力提升Beingexposedtothesunlightfortoolongwillbeharmfultoyourskin.Exposingyourselftothesunlightfortoolongwillbeharmfultoyourskin.(用动名词短语作主语改写)Ifexposedtothesunlightfortoolong，youwillgetyourskinharmed.(用if省略句改写)Exposedtothesunlightfortoolong，youwillgetyourskinharmed.(用过去分词作状语改写)(4)写出句子中黑体词的含义Schoolsareagainexposingchildrentotheclassics.使接触到absorbvt.吸收；吸引；使专心(教材原句)Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.第二种看法是人们在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。拓展词：absorbedadj.全神贯注的absorbingadj.十分吸引人的absorb/attract/drawonesattention吸引某人的注意absorb.from.从中吸收o.把吸收进beabsorbedby/into被吞并/吸引(be) absorbedin.全神贯注于(1)Serviceworkabsorbed(absorb) agreatnumberofwomenwhoarrivedinthecitiesfromthecountry.服务业吸纳了很多从农村来到城市的妇女。(2)Whendeeplyabsorbed(absorb) inwork，healwaysforgetsallabouteatingorsleeping.当专注于工作时，他总是废寝忘食。联想记忆beabsorbedin结构在句中作状语或定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbedin.。类似的结构还有：belostin，becaughtin，beburiedin，bedevotedto，beoccupiedin，beinvolvedin等。(3)单句语法填空Mostlittleshopshavebeenabsorbedinto/bybigbusinesses.Afterabsorbing(absorb)enoughwater，theplantsgrowwell.Absorbed(absorb)inpainting，Johndidntnoticeeveningapproaching.(4)写作能力提升汤姆专心于工作，忘记了通知她这件事。Tomwassoabsorbedinhisworkthatheforgottoinformherofit.(absorb)SoabsorbedwasTominhisworkthatheforgottoinformherofit.(用so.that.的倒装句)Absorbedinhiswork，Tomforgottoinformherofit.(用过去分词短语作状语)contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助(教材原句)tocontribute捐献拓展词：contributionn捐款；捐献；贡献；投送的稿件(1)contribute.to.向捐献contributeto有助于；导致；为作贡献；为捐款；向投稿(2)makeacontribution/contributionsto对作出贡献；为捐款(1)Positiveemotionsnotonlycontributetooursuccess，but(also)contributetoourwell-being.积极情绪不仅有助于我们的成功，还有助于我们的健康。联想记忆表示“引起，导致；有助于”的词语有：contributeto，resultin，bringabout，leadto，cause等。(2)语境活用Manypeoplecontributedmoneytothepoorboy，whichcontributedtohisreturning(return)toschool.Awriterwroteastoryaboutitandcontributed(contribute)ittoChinaDaily.许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐了款，这使他重返校园。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的故事并把它投给了中国日报。(3)单句语法填空(2018天津卷)3Dfoodprintingcouldprobablycontribute(contribution) tothesolution.putforward提出；推荐；将提前；将(钟表)向前拨(教材原句)Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes？谁提出关于黑洞的理论？putaway把收拾好；整理；储蓄putaside把放到一边；储存；留出putdown放下；写下；记下；镇压puton穿上；上演putoff推迟；延期putup搭建；张贴；为提供住宿putthrough接通电话；完成putout扑灭putupwith容忍；忍受(1)写出下列句子中黑体词的含义Mywatchwasslow，soIputitforwardthreeminutes.把表拨快Shewasputforwardasanadvancedworker.推荐Theyhaveputforwardthedateofthemeetingbythreedays.将提前(2)用put相关短语的适当形式填空。WhywedecidedtoputoffthemeetingwasthatourheadmasterhadntcomebackfromBeijing.Myparentswantedmetobeadoctor，butIcouldntputupwithallthoseyearsofstudy.Everythingtakenintoconsideration，theplanheputforwardseemstobeworkable.Youarenotallowedtoputupadvertisementsonthiswallwithoutspecialpermission.(3)单句语法填空(2018全国卷)Whetheryourelookingatwallpaperorpaint，thetime，effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.apartfrom除之外，还；此外(教材原句)Apartfromtheconstructionmentionedabove，youhavealsolearnedthefollowingphrases.除了以上提到的结构，你也学过下面的词组。(1)apartfrom具有下列三层含义：相当于besides。指“除之外，另外还有”，强调“另外还有”；相当于except。指“除了”，表示从整体中除去；相当于exceptfor。指“除外”，是在对某人或物整体上肯定的同时，特别指出其不足之处。(2)take.apart将拆开tellsb./sth.apart分辨出某人/某物(1)Apartfromthem，Ihadnoonetotalkto.除了他们，没有人和我说话。(2)Icanttellthetwinsapart.我区分不开这对双胞胎。(3)Ireceivednothingexceptwhatwasduetome.除了我应得的东西，我并未接受任何东西。(4)Exceptforherillnesses，shehadhadaparticularlyhappychildhood.除了体弱多病外，她的童年特别幸福。易混辨析besides/except/exceptfor/apart from/but/inadditionbesides“除了之外，还有”，指“在整体中加入一部分”；后接名词，代词，动名词等except从所提到的人或事物中除去，即从整体中除去一部分；后可接名词，代词，that/what/when等引导的宾语从句exceptfor表示对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定，起部分修正主要意思的作用；表示非同类事物进行比较；置于句首，表达except的含义apartfrom既可表示besides，也可以表示except或exceptfor，还可以表示without的意思but在意思上相当于except，但常用在不定代词或疑问词后面inaddition相当于副词besides，表示“另外”；inadditionto相当于介词besides(5)用apartfrom，exceptfor，except，exceptthat，besides填空TheclubmembersgothereeverydayexceptMonday.Heisagoodmanexceptfor/apartfromhisbadtemper.Yourarticleisgoodexceptthattherearesomespellingmistakes.Apartfrom/Besidesthecost，itwilltakealotoftime.Apartfrom/Exceptforthat，everythinggoeswell.makesense有意义；讲得通(教材原句)Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能讲得通。(1)makesenseof.理解，明白makenosense没道理，没意义thereisno/muchsenseindoingsth.做某事没道理(意义)/很有意义(2)commonsense常识haveasenseof.有感inasense在某一方面；就某种意义来说innosense决不(放句首句子用部分倒装)asenseofduty/humor/beauty/direction责任感/幽默感/美感/方向感(1)Hegetsagreatsenseoffulfillmentfromhiswork.他从工作中获得了极大的成就感。(2)Theresnosenseingettingupsetaboutitnow.现在没有必要为这件事烦恼。(3)单句语法填空Thereisnosensebuying(buy) expensiveclothesforchildren，astheysoongrowoutofthem.Innosensedidherealizehehadmadesuchaseriousmistake.(4)写作能力提升Ihavereadthematerialseveraltimes，butitjustdoesntmakeanysensetome.Ihavereadthematerialseveraltimes，butIjustcantmakeanysenseofit.这个材料我读了几遍了，但就是不明白。(5)单句语法填空(2018浙江卷)TodayDickensgreatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon(名人堂)ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。neither.nor.“既不也不”，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词：either.or.不是就是notonly.butalso.不仅而且not.but.不是而是(1)NeitheryounorIam(be) wrong.你没错，我也没错。(2)Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacheris(be) enjoyingthefilm.不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片，他们的老师也在欣赏。(3)单句语法填空NeitherInorJaneandMaryare (be) tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.Nothiswordsbuttheexpressioninhiseyeshurts(hurt) myfeelings.(4)写作能力提升Henrywontseeafilmtonight.HisgirlfriendHelenwont，either.NeitherHenrynorhisgirlfriendHelenwillseeafilmtonight.Thenursesareverykindtothepatients；thedoctorsareverykindtothepatients，too.Notonlythenursesbutalsothedoctorsareverykindtothepatients.单词拼写1Ifyouforesee (预测；预见)something，youexpectandbelievethatitwillhappen.2Manycancervictimscanbecured (治愈)ifthediseaseisfoundearlyenough.3Ifwecandefeat (打败)thatteam，wellbethroughtothefinal.4Attheendoftheirmeeting，itwasannounced (宣布) thatanagreementhadbeenreached.5Ifyoucanthandle (处理)thejob，Iwillgetsomeoneelsetodoit.6Kelleriscautious (谨慎的)aboutmakingpredictionsforthesuccessoftheprogram.7Theruralenvironmenthasa(n) positive (积极的) effectonthechildrenshealth.8Exposed (暴露)tosomanyadvertisements，wecanthelpbeingpersuadedtobuysomethingwedontreallyneed.单句改错1Theassistantwasabsorbinginhisreading.absorbingabsorbed2Ho3Parentsblamethemfordropthetowelinthebathroom.dropdropping4Parentsshouldattendtheirchildrenandlendaneartowhattheyhavetosay.attend后加to5Itmakesasensetoworkontheproblembeforeitgetsoutofcontrol.去掉a6IhavepainsinmybackateverytimeIcatchacold.去掉at7Onlyweareunitedcanwesolvetheproblems.only后加if/when8Hisskinisexposingtothesun.exposingexposed.教材与语法填空JohnSnow，awellknowndoctorinLondon，became1.inspired(inspire)whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeoplewho2.wereexposed(expose)tocholera，a3.deadly(dead)diseaseofhisday.Thousandsofpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak4.becausenooneknewthecauseofit.Johnwantedtohelpsolve5.theproblem.Hegotinterestedintwotheories6.explaining(explain)howcholerakilledpeople.Hebelievedinthesecondtheorythatsuggestedthatpeople7.absorbed (absorb) thediseasewiththeirmeals.In1