2020版高考英语一轮复习Book2Unit4Cyberspace教案（含解析）北师大版.docx

Unit 4 Cyberspace基础知识默写(学生用书253256页)默写(一)1.likelyadj.有可能的adv.可能2.focusvi.集中注意3.realityn.真实，现实realadj.真的；真实的reallyadv.真实地；确实4.affectvt.影响5.growthn.增长；生长growv.增长；生长；种植6.attackn.&vt.攻击，进攻attackern.攻击者7.disappearvi.消失disappearancen.消失8.concept n.概念9.rapidly adv.快，迅速地rapidadj.迅速的；飞快的10.crime n.犯罪；罪行criminaln.罪犯adj.犯罪的11.optimistic adj.乐观的pessimistic(反)adj.悲观的；厌世的optimismn.乐观；乐观主义12.entertainment n.娱乐；款待entertainvt.款待，招待；使娱乐13.obvious adj.明显的，显而易见的obviouslyadv.显而易见地14.fancy vt.想要做；幻想adj.花哨的；精致的；奢华的15.reject vt.拒绝，不接受rejectionn.拒绝16.destination n.目的地17.write down写下；记下18.make up构成，组成；编造19.come true(愿望、梦想等)实现20.take action采取行动21.have problems with在方面有困难22.get in touch取得联系23.hang on(电话用语)别挂断，稍等24.“it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.”“很显然，我们将会看到网上购物的巨大增长。”25.Some experts see our future in virtual realitythe use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation.有些专家看到了虚拟现实中我们的未来计算机通过声音和图像模拟现实以使人感到仿佛置身于一个真实的空间中。默写(二)1.harmvt.&n.伤害，损害harmfuladj.有害的harmless(反)adj.无害的2.scientificadj.科学的sciencen.科学scientistn.科学家3.projectn.课题；方案；工程4.suggestionn.建议，提议suggestvt.建议，提议5.arrangementn.安排，布置arrangevt.安排，布置6.titlen.标题，题目；头衔；称号7.viewn.景色，风景；观点，看法8.tourism n.观光，游览touristn.旅行者，观光者tourn.旅游，旅行9.guide n.指南；导游，向导guidancen.指导；引导；领导10.locate vt.坐落于；位于；找出的位置locationn.地点；位置11.settle vi.定居settlementn.(新)定居地settlern.移民者12.average adj.平均的n.平均数13.regular adj.定期的；规则的regularlyadv.定期地；规则地irregular (反)adj.不规则的；无规律的；不合法的14.officially adv.正式地；官方地officialadj.正式的；官方的15.scenery n.风景，景色16.attractive adj.吸引人的，有魅力的attractionn.吸引力；具有吸引力的事物或人attractvt.吸引17.be up to做，从事于18.in the flesh本人；亲身19.as well as也，又20.be known as作为而著称；被认为是21.carry out执行，实行；贯彻；实现，完成22.consist of由组成23.cut off切掉，切断24.Do you have anything planned for Saturday and Sunday？你周六、周日有什么安排吗？25.But I still find it hard to imagine.但是我仍然觉得难以想象。基础知识夯实.语境填词1.For example，outdoor lighting severely affects(影响) migrating birds.2.Eating and drinking too much is likely(有可能的) to give ones stomach trouble.3.I gratefully took the cup of coffee that she offered(给予) me.4.No doubt the theater has contributed to the areas development and economic growth(grow).(2018江苏)5.In the north of India，the population is booming due to high birth rates，but in the south，birth rate is falling rapidly(rapid).6.Her popular 1962 book SilentSpring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful(harm) effects of chemicals on humans.(2016全国)7.It shows us the development of our school，which is I think the attraction(attract) to us.(2018全国)8.We all know that some things are obviously(obvious) right.9.Smartphones make it easier and more convenient to check reality(real)，watch video clips，and read weibo.10.They found that more on-demand entertainment(entertain) viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.(2018全国)11.They provide an environment where you can practice under the guidance(guide) of someone whos good at the language.12.Besides，all your suggestions(suggest) and comments about this film will be welcome.(2018全国)13.If you are planning to do exercise regularly(regular)，or youre doing it now，then listen up！(2018全国)14.Ill make arrangements(arrange) for you to be met at the airport.15.As is known to us all，Yuan Longping is an outstanding Chinese scientist(science) in agriculture.选词成篇as if，be known as，come true，write down，make up，cut off，take action，consist of，get in touch withLi Ming has 1.been known as a famous writer since his latest book 2.consisting of several novels came out.It is not surprising that his dream 3.(should) come true.During the past few years，he kept 4.writing down his experiences with which he 5.made up some interesting stories.While he was writing his books，he always 6.cut himself off from the outside world.Now he begins to 7.take action to 8.get in touch with his friends who he misses very much.It seems 9.as if they had been out of touch for ages.After 10.settling in Beijing，with the help of his friends Chris bought a new house 11.as well as a portable computer.But one day his computer crashed and 12.in his view it was likely to have been attacked by a virus.Because he 13.had problems with how to deal with it，he had to ask his friends for suggestions.With their help，his computer began to work again，and then he could 14.focus on the scientific research he 15.had been up to.完成句子1.Its more likely that none of us start a conversation because its awkward and challenging.(Its likely that)(2018全国)更可能的是我们没有人开始对话，因为这令人尴尬并具有挑战性。2.Its as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.(as if)(2017北京)似乎是大脑正在保存它最重要的记忆。3.He had his leg broken in the match last month.(have sth. done)他在上星期的比赛中摔断了腿。4.I then made it a point to attend those meetings and learn all I could.(make itn.to do)(2017全国)我于是把出席那些会议并尽最大可能多学当作重点。1.种种“犯罪”(1)theft n.偷窃(2)robbery n.抢劫(3)kidnap n.绑架(4)murder n.谋杀(5)corruption n.贪污2.“建议，劝说”单词小结(1)advise v.(advice n.)(2)propose v.(proposal n.)(3)recommend v.(recommendation n.)(4)suggest v.(suggestion n.)(5)persuade v.(persuasion n.)3.后缀-ism名词集锦(1)tourism旅游业(2)criticism批评(3)realism现实主义(4)pessimism悲观主义(5)optimism乐观主义4.make短语集锦(1)make up构成；编造(2)make out理解；弄清(3)make up for弥补；补偿(4)make up ones mind to do下定决心做5.take短语荟萃(1)take action采取行动(2)take over接收，接管(3)take down写下，记下(4)take in欺骗；吸收，吸纳(5)take off起飞；匆匆离开；脱下(6)take on承担6.“就前原则”词汇扫描(1)rather than 而不是(2)except/but除了(3)together with和(4)along with和(5)as well as也，又，和likelyadj.有可能的adv.可能(1)be likely to do.可能做It is likely that.可能(2)It is possible (for sb. ) to do.(某人)可能做It is possible that.可能It is probable that.可能同义句改写(1)You are likely to suffer(suffer) from bad health if you keep smoking.It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.(2)It is possible that I will go there next week.It is possible for me to go there next week.focusvt.集中；聚焦n.中心点；焦点(1)focus.on/upon.把集中于(2)in focus焦点对准的；清晰的out of focus焦点未对准的；不清晰的(1)As you make reading a regular part of your life，youll make more connections，stay more focused(focus) and understand the text better. (2)With his attention focused(focus) on his homework，he forgot all about what I had told him.(3)The childrens faces were badly out of focus(不清晰) in the photograph.句式升级(4)His eyes were focused on the blackboard so that he didnt notice the flying birds outside.(用with复合结构改写)With his eyes focused on the blackboard，he didnt notice the flying birds outside.联想发散表示“专心于；集中注意力于”的短语还有：fix ones attention on，be absorbed in，apply oneself to，concentrate ones attention on，be lost in，be buried in，be devoted to等。(1)in reality事实上，实际上come into reality(梦想)实现become a reality成为现实(2)realize vt.实现；意识到realistic adj.现实的；现实主义的(1)My dream has become a reality.(2019黑龙江鹤岗一中模拟)(2)He seems self-confident，but in reality(实际上) he is very shy.(3)一句多译他上大学的梦想已经实现了。His dream of going to college has been realized.His dream of going to college has come true.His dream of going to college has become a reality.His dream of going to college has come into reality.(1)be affected by被感动；被影响/侵袭be affected with high fever发高烧affect sb. to tears把某人感动得流泪(2)affection n.喜爱；爱慕(1)What kind of education can be “meaningful” to young people affected(affect) by conflict？(2016浙江)(2)She was affected to tears (感动得落泪) by his story.句式升级(3)He was affected by the failure in the exam and lost heart.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)Affected by the failure in the exam，he lost heart.熟词生义选择句子中affect的汉语意思(4)The disease affects many different organs of the body. C A.影响 B.感动 C.(疾病)侵袭(1)make an attack on/against.向发动进攻be under attack受到攻击(2)be attacked with/by a disease患病(1)They made a fierce attack on/against the enemy.他们向敌人发动了一次猛烈攻击。(2)When a leafy plant is under attack/being attacked，it doesnt sit quietly.(2017全国)当多叶植物受到攻击时，它不会坐以待毙。(3)He has been attacked by/with diseases for ten years.10年来他一直病魔缠身。易错点拨be under attack表示一个被动的正在进行的动作，相当于be being attacked。类似短语还有：under discussion，under debate，under arrest，under construction等。offerv.主动提供；主动提出；出价n.提议；出价(1)offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事offer sb. sth. (offer sth. to sb. ) 提供某物给某人(2)make an offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事on offer可获得的；供购买的；供使用的；削价出售(1)If a neighbor suffers an illness，offer to do(do) the grocery shopping.(2018浙江)如果邻居生病了，就主动去帮着买杂货。(2)If you offer to help/make an offer to help others，youll eventually be rewarded.如果你主动帮助别人，你最终会得到回报。(3)Besides，filming technology has advanced and more quality films are on offer.(2017江苏)此外，拍摄技术进步了，能够提供更多优质的电影。易错点拨注意对比这两个句子：I offer him the computer for 1,000 yuan.我愿以1 000元的价格把这台计算机卖给他。I offer him 1,000 yuan for the computer.我愿出1 000元买他那台计算机。(1)do harm to sb. do sb. harm伤害某人cause harm to sb. 伤害某人mean no harm to.对没有恶意There is no harm in doing.做无害处。(2)harmful adj.有害的；造成损害的be harmful to对有害(3)harmless adj.无害的；无辜的(1)If we know that gossip can be harmful(harm)，then why do so many of us do it？(2016浙江)(2)If used improperly，the medicine will do/cause harm to you/do you harm/be harmful to you (对你造成伤害).(3)同义句改写They dont usually employ untrained workers，but it doesnt do any harm to try your fortune.They dont usually employ untrained workers，but theres no harm in trying your fortune.(1)make/offer/put forward a suggestion提建议at ones suggestion在某人的建议下(2)suggest v.建议；暗示；表明suggest (sb. s) doing sth. 建议(某人)做某事suggest sth. to sb. 向某人建议某事It is suggested that.(should) do.有人建议(1)What a mistake!Yes. I had suggested his doing(do) it another way，but without success.(2)His accent suggests that he is(be) from Sichuan.(3)It is suggested that(有人建议) you (should) attend the opening ceremony.(4)同义句改写The teacher suggested that Mary (should) apologize(apologize) to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.The teacher suggested Marys apologizing to her deskmate for her bad behavior.The teachers suggestion was that Mary (should) apologize to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.易错点拨(1)suggest表示“建议”时，其后的宾语从句的谓语常用“(should)动词原形”；表示“暗示，表明”时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。(2)suggest后通常不接双宾语，要表示类似意思，可用suggest sth. to sb. 。表示“建议某人做某事”，英语不用suggest sb. to do sth. ，而用suggest sb. /sb. s doing sth. 或后接that从句。(1)I applied to Cambridge University but I was rejected(reject).(2)The rejection(reject) of the peace plan raises the threat of a more general war.熟词生义选择句子中reject的汉语意思(3)If people are unkind to him he feels rejected. C A.拒绝B.不予考虑C.冷落；嫌弃易错点拨reject后接名词或代词，不接不定式。(1)settle down安静下来；安顿下来；平静下来settle down to开始专心做(to是介词)settle in/into适应(新环境/新工作)settle on/upon决定；选定(2)settler n.移居者；(问题等的)解决者settlement n.定居点；解决；移民；偿清(1)Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution，the company eventually settled in/into Tel Aviv in the late 1920s.(2017全国)该公司成立于1905年革命后的莫斯科，最终于20世纪20年代末期在特拉维夫安顿下来。(2)They settled down to a serious discussion over coffee.他们喝着咖啡，开始认真讨论一个重要问题。句式升级(3)The problem was settled and they were happy and relaxed.With the problem settled，they were happy and relaxed.(用with复合结构改写)Because/As the problem was settled，they were happy and relaxed.(改为含有状语从句的复合句)viewn.看法；观点；视野；风景v.把看作；观看；注视；考虑(1)in view of鉴于；由于；考虑到in ones view/opinion在某人看来come into view进入视野；看得见have a good view of清楚地看到；饱览(2)view.as.把看作(3)viewer n.观看者；观众(1)Viewed(view) from a distance，the island looked like a cloud.(2)We decided，in view of his special circumstances(鉴于他的特殊情况)，that we would admit him for a probationary period(试用期).(3)In my view/opinion(依我看来)，if you want to learn English well，you need to do more listening，speaking，reading and writing.averageadj.(无比较级)平均的；平常的n.平均；平均数；一般水平；平均标准an average of平均有(后跟数词)the average of.的平均数up to the average达到平均水平on (an/the) average平均；一般地above/below (the) average在平均水平以上/以下(1)An average of 10 students were(be) absent each day last term.(2)The team found that flowers kept away from the sun had leaves that were 10 percent smaller on (an/the) average(平均).(2018黑龙江哈尔滨三中二模)熟词生义选择句子中average的汉语意思(3)Freddy was an average student，but not an average person. A A.普通的B.典型的C.平均的易错点拨“an average of复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数；“the average of复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。true to life逼真的；栩栩如生的be true of对适用；适合于be true to忠实于(1)Then next year，in the summer of 2016，my wish came true(实现) when I was selected to be a prefect.(2018河南洛阳二模)然后第二年，在2016夏天，当我被选为院长时，我的愿望实现了。(2)I dont think the characters are very true to life.我觉得这些人物不太真实。(3)The food is good and the same is true ofthe service.食物很好，服务也不错。(1)be in/out of touch with和有/失去联系lose touch with和失去联系keep in touch with和保持联系(2)touch up修饰；润色touch on/upon涉及；提到touch down降落；着陆(3)touching adj.动人的；使人伤感的(1)Teresa posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website accompanied by the touching(touch) words：“What a blessing this young man was to our family！He was so sweet and kind to do this.”(2018全国)(2)To make it easier to get in touch with(和取得联系) us，youd better keep this card at hand.(3)Our neighbours are moving away but I hope that well still keep in touch with(保持联系) each other.(4)I wanted to show the audience a photographic record touching on/upon(涉及) the uncivilized life.(2016四川)(5)一句多译我们失去联系三年了。We have been out of touch with each other for three years.We lost touch with each other three years ago.易错点拨get in touch with“和取得联系”，强调动作；keep in touch with与be in touch with意为“保持联系”，强调状态。hang on to保留，保存hang about/around/round闲荡hang out逗留；闲荡hang back退缩；踌躇不前hang up挂断电话根据句意用hang短语的正确形式填空(1)He said hed call again，and hung up on me.(2)It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.(2016江苏)(3)I saw him step forward for a moment but then hang back.(4)Hang on a minuteIll be with you in a moment!易错点拨hang有两层意思：一作“绞死；吊死”，规则变化；二作“悬挂”，不规则变化，过去式和过去分词都是hung。be up to (doing) sth. 胜任(做)某事；适于(做)某事；正在忙于(做)某事be up to sb. 由某人决定up to取决于；到达(某数量、程度等)up to now到目前为止(常与现在完成时连用)(1)What shall we do tonight then?It is up to youwhatever you want.(2)This is the only one of the oldest customs that has been kept(keep) in this district up to now.(3)Hes not really up to seeing(see) any visitors.联想发散表达“胜任”的短语还有：be equal to，be fit for，be qualified for，be adequate to等。(1)as well as的用法：用作连词，连接两个相同的成分，如名词、形容词等，通常不位于句首，相当于not only。当as well as连接主语时，谓语动词须和as well as前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致(即与比较远的那个主语保持一致，简称“就远原则”)。类似的词还有together with，along with，with，besides，but，except，including，rather than等。用作介词，相当于besides，in addition to，意为“除之外(还有)”，后面通常接名词或动词-ing形式。(2)may/might (just) as well do.表示委婉的建议，一般是针对当时的情况提出另外的提议，意为“不妨，还是吧”。(3)as well 也；又；而且(相当于too，also)(1)My sister，as well as her classmates who were late for class，was criticized by Mr Hunt.(be) (2)Now that youve got a chance，you might as well make(make) full use of it.句式升级(3)The workers want to reduce working hours as well as increase their pay.(用not only.but also.改写为倒装句)Not only do the workers want to increase their pay，but they also want to reduce working hours.易错点拨A as well as Bnot only B but also A.“it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.”“很显然，我们将会看到网上购物的巨大增长。”(1)It is/wasadj.that.句型中，it为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。常用于这种结构的形容词有：clear，obvious，certain，important，possible，natural，interesting，likely，unusual等。(2)在It is necessary/important/strange/surprising/unbelievable/incrediblethat.中，从句中的谓语动词常用“should动词原形”，should可省略。(1)It is important that you (should) hand(hand) in your article before 28th，June.在6月28号之前交上你的文章是很重要的。同义句改写(2)It is necessary that he should be sent there at once.(改为简单句)It is necessary forhimtobesent there at once.(3)Obviously，we dont want to spend too much money.(改为it作形式主语的复合句)Itisobviousthat we dont want to spend too much money.Some experts see our future in virtual realitythe use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation.有些专家看到了虚拟现实中我们的未来计算机通过声音和图像模拟现实以使人感到仿佛置身于一个真实的空间中。(1)as if/though可引导表语从句和状语从句，且常用虚拟语气。若表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用过去时；若表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用过去完成时；若表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might动词原形”。(2)如果as if/though引导的从句所表示的内容与事实相符，则使用陈述语气。(3)as if/though引导的从句可用省略形式，后面直接跟名词、不定式、形容词、介词短语或分词。(1)She is looking at me as if she knew me，but we have never seen each other before.她看着我好像她认识我似的，但之前我们从来没见过彼此。(2)He opened his mouth as if to say something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。(3)This is the first time that he has come to Hong Kong，but he talks about it as if he had been here before.这是他第一次来香港，但是他谈论起香港来就好像以前来过这儿一样。(1)在此句型中it作形式宾语，代替后面真正的宾语不定式短语。it作形式宾语在英语中很常见，也很重要。(2)常用于此句型的动词有find，think，feel，consider，make等。同义句改写(1)Whats worse，some students do not think that it is important to obey traffic rules.Whats worse，some students do not thinkitimportanttoobey traffic rules.一句多译(2)许多专家认为让学生有充足的睡眠很重要。Many experts think that it is important to let students have enough sleep.(宾语从句)Many experts think it important to let students have enough sleep.(it作形式宾语).单句语法填空1.Up to now，we have finished(finish) most of the work，and the rest needs to be done in two days.2.No matter where he is，he makes it a rule to go(go) for a walk before breakfast.3.The boy is running impatiently here and there as if searching(search) for something.4.I heard that Ann was injured just now.I will go(go) to see her this afternoon.5.My German isnt up to translating(translate) that letter.6.Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and making up jokes.7.Las