英语状语从句总结.ppt

状语从句,什么是状语？ 作用：修饰形、副、动及相应短语或句子。 常用词类：副、介短、分词、不定式、从句,He speaks English very well. 他英语说得非常好 He is playing under the tree.他在树下玩儿 I come specially to see you.我专门来看你.,副词做程度状语,介词短语做地点状语,动词不定式做目的状语,什么是状语从句？（由句子充当状语成分）,时间,I can learn while I work.我可以在工作中学习。,地点,Well go wherever the country wants us to. 祖国要我们去哪我们就去哪。,条件,If you keep on trying, youll succeed.,让步,Although its difficult, well do it.,原因,As he wasnt ready in time , we went without him.因我被你们及时准备好，我们没等他就走了。,目的,He got up early so that he might catch the train.,结果程度,He got up early so that he caught the train.他起得早，所以赶上了火车。,方式,Study as Marx studied.象马克思那样学习。,比较,A hare can walk faster than a tortoise runs.,1. if 如果 2. unless 如果不= ifnot 3. suppose / supposing that假如 4. as long as 只要 就= only if 5. on condition that 在条件下= only if 6. once 一旦 7. in case that 如果 万一 8. only if 只要/ if only要是该多好。,之七：条件状语从句,If引导的从句,重点,A joke,A man liked a girl very much and asked if the girl could marry him. But the girl didnt agree. She said ,“even if（即使） there is only one man left, I wont marry you.”,If 引导宾语从句,If引导的宾语从句 I want to know if/whether she/he has a dream. (是否) I asked her/him if/whether she/he had a dream. (是否),主现从任 主过从过（客观真理除外）,If 引导条件状语从句,if 引导的条件状语从句,主将,主祈,主情,I will sing a song if I am happy.,主句,从句,Dont cross the road if the light is red.,You must stop if the traffic light is red.,从现,用所给词的适当形式填空 1.If you _(feel) tired, you _ (have) to have a rest. 2. Where _ he _(see) the film if he _(have) time? 3. If there _(be) fewer trees, there _( be) more pollution. 4. He _(dress) more casually if he _ ( not work) on weekends.,feel,will have,will,see,has,are,will be,will dress,doesnt work,Part1:If 的用法,1.I want to know if he will go to a park with us.,2. We will have a picnic if it doesnt rain.,3. Can you tell me if there will be a concert tomorrow?,4. If you feel tired, you must have a rest.,宾语从句,条件状语从句,条件状语从句,宾语从句,是否,如果,Do you know if _back next week ? If he _ back , please let me know . A. he comes , will come B. will he come , comes C. he will come , comes D. he will come , will come,连词 if 和 when 在不同从句中的区别：,C,条件状语从句：主将/主祈/主情 从现 宾语从句：主现从任、主过从过,如果,是否,连词 if 和 when 在不同从句中的区别：,I dont know when he _ (come) . I cant wait here any more . When he _ (come) , would you please ask him to call me ?,will come,comes,时间状语从句：主将/主祈/主情 从现 宾语从句：主现从任、主过从过,当时,什么时候,Part2:Unless的用法,You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.,If you dont start earlier, you will fail to arrive there in time.,unless = if.not 除非,若不,除非在的时候,You will not succeed unless you work hard. =If you dont work hard, you will not succeed. =work hard, or you will not succeed.(fail) =work hard, and you will succeed.,1. when/ as /while 在 时 2. whenever (every time,each time) 每当 3. as soon as(the moment, immediately)一 就 4.before, after 5. till , until 直到为止（句首只用until) 6. hardly when/ no sooner than 一 就,之八：时间状语从句,一、when和延续性、短暂动词连用，而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。 When we arrived in Beijing, it was raining. (arrive短)我们到达北京时，天正在下雨。 二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生； while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。 1从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。 When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest（finished先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。 2主从句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。 When While As we were dancing，a stranger came in（dance为延续性动词）当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。 3只能用 as：表示“随着?”；“一边?，一边?”之意。 The little girls sang as they went小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。 4在将来时从句中，常用when，且从句须用一般时代替将来时。 5. 在用when和while连接的从句中，常省略与主句相同的主语和相应的be，而在as连接的从句中一般则不省略。 He fell asleep while(he was)studying his grammar book.他在阅读语法书的时候睡着了。 6. when这时(突然)”while“而”可用作并列连词，as没有这种用法。 He likes coffee, while she likes tea. 他喜欢咖啡，而她却喜欢茶。,注意过去进行时在主句中还是从句中 was/were + doing,八下课本中的例句 He was reading in the library when the rainstorm came. While you were sleeping, I called Jenny. While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.,之一：地点状语从句 简单了解，记住引导词的意思,where (在地方） wherever(无论什么地方） everywhere(每一 地方）,Go back where you came from.你从哪里来就回到哪里去。,Sit wherever you like.你随便爱坐哪里坐在哪里。,Everywhere they went, they were warmly received.他们所到之处，都受到热烈欢迎。,注：where有时引导一个含“条件”意义的从句 Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。,1.Though/although 虽然 2.Even if / even though 即使 3. no matter what (which,who,whose,when,how,)= whatever(whichever) 无论什么（无论哪一个，无论谁，无论谁的，无论什么时候，无论怎样） 注意：(了解） No matter where you go, Ill be with you. 无论你去哪里，我都要与你在一起。 Wherever引导地点状语从句，侧重陈述事实及发生的地方，引导让步状语从句，侧重假设条件。 4.whether/no matter whether 无论可与or/or not 搭配 Whether you believe it or not, it is true.无论你信不信，这总是事实。,之二：让步状语从句 简单了解，记住引导词的意思,类似条件状语从句,1. because , since，as “因为，由于” 2.了解一下 now (that)/ seeing (that)/considering (that)/ in that “鉴于、由于”,之三：原因状语从句 简单了解，记住引导词的意思,because: 语气最强 （重心）回答why的问句 since: 稍弱（既然）表已知或很明显的理由（附带),大多放句首 as: 更弱，多用于口语，大多放句首，对主句加以说明。,for 也可引导表原因的句子（并列分句）表示补充说明的理由，加上的话能更增加说话的可信度。常用于句中，前面用逗号和主句分开。,1. so that / so / that/in order that“以便，为了”从句中常含有may/might/can/could/should 等情态动词。 He came in quietly in order that he shouldnt wake up his wife. 除in order that可置句首外，通常在主句后。 2. for fear that / in case that / lest “恐防，以免”从句谓动用 should +v 或 一现（一过） She explained again and again in case we should misunderstand her .她再三解释，生怕我们误解她。,之四：目的状语从句 简单了解，记住引导词的意思,1. so that / so /that可引导程度结果状语从句（前有逗号） He started early, so that he caught the bus.(程度结果） he started early so that he could catch the bus.(目的） 2. so that / such that如此 以致于 So that 中间是adj/adv Such that 中间是 n 名词前有many much few little时用so Such+a/an+adj+单名 = so+adj+a/an+单名 He told us such a funny story that we all laughed. He told us so funny a story that we all laughed.,之五：结果程度状语从句 简单了解，记住引导词的意思,1. as “如那样”“象那样”= in the way that Do as I do .我怎么干，你就怎么干。 2. as if/ as though “好象，仿佛”,之六：方式状语从句 简单了解，记住引导词的意思,连词有： 1.as as, 与 一样 2.not a