短文改错专题解析版.doc

短文改错专题解析版 1.【山东省实验中学2016届高三上学期第三次诊断】短文改错（共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏子符号（）并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处,多者（从第11处起）不计分。Dear Thomas, I feel sorry to know your worries about getting fatter and fatter so that you have failedthe sports test. Nothing can be more disappointment than that. As far as I am concerned, there are many reasons cause your failure in a test. Firstly, you are very lazy to have regular sports. In fact, sports can help you keep fit and energy. Secondly, you eat too much meat, that makes you gain weight easily. Finally, you sleep more than you need. There was no denying that it is all these things that have caused your problem and your worries. As I stated above, you should first eat less meat but more fruits and vegetable. And then you should have regular sports so that you can burn the fat that builds up in your body and to become slim. Hope my advice is some help to you. Yours sincerely, Li Hua【答案】71.disappointmentdisappointing72.加that/which;causecausing73.athe74.verytoo75.energyenergetic76.thatwhich77.wasis78.vegetablevegetables79.去掉and/to80.加of72.加that/which;causecausing考查关系词。可看成是一句从句，也可把cause看成非谓语动词，所以加that/which;causecausing。73.athe考查冠词。上文已经提到是体育测试了，此处特指，故用the。74.verytoo考查副词。Too.to.结构，表示太.以至于不能.，故用too75.energyenergetic考查形容词。Keep energetic保持活力，用energetic。76.thatwhich考查关系词。非限制性定语从句，故用which。77.wasis考查动词时态。本文使用一般现在时，用is。78.vegetablevegetables考查名词。可数名词用复数，所以用vegetables。79.去掉and/to考查连词和介词。可以表示一个结果，也可以表示并列，但是这两者不能并存，去掉and/to。80.加of考查介词。Be of +名词与这个名词的形容词效果一样，加of。考点：考查了动词、介词、冠词、名词、形容词、时态等的用法【学法指导】在短文改错中常出现的错误主要有以下几类：1. 名词单复数用错，可数与不可数名词的混用。比如第78小题more fruits and vegetable，可数名词用复数，所以用vegetables。2. 动词：时态和语态，常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时，中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象；或是及物动词后无宾语，或是不及物动词后加了宾语；需要接ing形式的接了to，或相反等。比如第77小题There was no denying that，本文使用一般现在时，用is。3. 形容词副词：常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反；关系副词where， when， why等的缺失或错用。4. 介词：主要是介词的多余或缺失，错用5. 主谓一致性：第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数；再就是就近原则对主语的影响。6. 冠词：定冠词the的多余或缺失，如季节，月份，星期，球类及三餐活动，称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the。比如73小题in a test，上文已经提到是体育测试了，此处特指，故用the。7. 数词：主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用。8. 连词：不合句中的逻辑关系。如需转折连词（如but）的时候用了承接连词（so），或相反等等。9. 代词：主要是代词的格与数的错用。如男性用了女性代词，单数用了复数代词或相反；应当用形容词性的物主代词用了宾格，主格或相反，关系代词的错用或缺失。10. 常用固定短语或固定用法及句型用错，比如第80小题Hope my advice is some help to you.，Be of +名词=形容词的固定搭配使用错误，加of。2.【湖北省武汉市武昌区2016届高三元月调研】Dear Ms. Helen,I am pleasing to offer you the position of after-sales manager in our company starting on 16 June, 2016. You were given the right to discuss this offer and to seek advices on the attached proposed agreement with your family, a lawyer, or someone else you trust. Unless you want some information on your employment rights, you can also contact the Employment Service Office or visiting our website. Also, if you disagree this offer or wish to clarify something in it, please ring myself to discuss any issue you wish to raise. If you are happy with the proposed terms and wish to accept an offer of employment, please sign this letter and return it to me by 1 June, 2016. In case of I have not heard from you by that date, this offer will be automatical withdrawn. Li Hua 【答案】71.pleasing-pleased72.were-are73.advices-advice74.Unless-If75.visiting- visit76.disagree后添加with 77.myself-me78.an-the79.去掉please80.automatical-automatically【解析】71.pleasing-pleased考查形容词。形容人应该用-ed形式的形容词，故改为pleased。72.were-are考查时态。本文是一般现在时，故改为are。73.advices-advice考查单复数。根据语境可知这里是单数形式的建议，故改为advice。74.Unless-If考查虚拟语气。这里是表示疑问性的虚拟语气，需要表示“如果”的词汇，故改为If。75.visiting- visit考查动词。Or前后的动词的格式结构相同，前面是原形，后面也应是原形，故改为visit。76.disagree后添加with 考查固定结构。Disagree with sth./sb.是固定结构，故添加with。考点：考查词汇和语法的运用。3.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加；在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉； 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每句错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Many years before I failed the entrance exam and had to go to a ordinary college. Disappointing as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorly-equipped classroom, I found the teachers patiently to me. Besides, I enjoyed the friendly atmosphere of classroom. Later, I decided to treasure for my college time. I worked hard but got along well with my teachers and classmates. Whenever I had difficulties, they are always available. Soon, I became one of the top student in my class, that greatly increased my confidence and got me motivated. My experience tells me that it is what you are given but how you make use of it that determines who you are.【答案】 81. before ago 82. go to a go to an83. Disappointing Disappointed84. patiently patient 85. treasure for treasure86. but and87. are were88. student students89. that which90. what not what【解析】试题分析:81. before ago ago 表示“从现在起若干时间以前”，常与动词一般过去式连用。而且ago只能作副词。before 表示“从过去某时起若干时间以前”，常与过去完成式连用。而before既可作副词又可作介词和连词。此处应用ago。82. . go to a go to an ordinary以元音开头，因此应用不定冠词an。83. Disappointing Disappointed disappointed感到失望的，disappointing令人失望的，根据句意，应用disappointed。84. patiently patient 此处形容词作补语，故改为patient。85. treasure for treasure treasure为及物动词，可直接接宾语，故改为treasure。86. but and前后句并无转折联系，因此改为and。 4.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。After a couple of year away from my hometown, I find it has changed a lot. The old fish shop across the street has gone. There exist now a park that has a small river run through. The factory on Friendship Street has been moved out the city and a sports center is now in their place. The market at corner of Xinhua Road has been given way to a supermarket. Besides the bookstore next to my middle school was still there.【答案】71.year years72.has is73.exist exists74.run running75.moved out 后加of76.their its77.corner前加the78.been 去掉79.Besides But80.was is【解析】试题分析：通过阅读并修改此短文，考查学生对固定搭配，动词时态和语态，名词的单复数问题，以及非谓语动词的辨别和运用。71.year years 考查可数名词的复数。a couple of 意思是：两三个，后面用复数名词years。72.第二行的第一个has is 考查形容词。gone这里是形容词，所以用is构成系表结构。73.exist exists 考查谓语动词。a park是主语，后置，所以用动词的单三形式exists。74.run running 考查非谓语动词。，running through是定语修饰a small river，run的逻辑主语是a small river，所以用动词的-ing形式。75.moved out 后加of 考查短语。move out of the city搬出这个城市。76.their its 考查代词。its代替前面的a sports center，in ones place 在某地。77.corner前加the 考查冠词，这里用the表特指。78.been 去掉 考查语态。句意：在新华路拐角的市场已经让位于一个超市。这里是主动的关系，所以去掉been。79.Besides But 考查关系词。前后表转折关系，用but，Besides的意思是：而且。80.was is 考查动词的时态。全文用一般现在时，所以用is，was是过去式。考点：语篇理解以及语法知识。5.【广东省惠州市2016届高三上学期第三次调研】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。My family was very poor when I was a child. My parents lost their jobs or lived with heavy pressure. As a result, I wanted to study hardly so as to have different future. During my high school life, I spent all my time studied those difficult subjects, which made me one of the best student in our school. After graduation, I was admitted in a key university where I meet a lot of interesting friends. Now, I am working in a big company and I am able to afford anything I wanted. Whats more, my parents also have been found new jobs. So I believe that our dream will came true if we try our best.【答案】51.or and52.hardly hard53.different future 前加a 54.studied studying55.student students56.in to / into / by57.meet met58.wanted want59.去掉been60.came come52.hardly hard 考查副词。句意：我想努力地学习。hardly几乎不，hard 努力。53.different future 前加a 考查冠词。future是可数名词，这里是指一个不同的未来，用a。54.studied studying 考查固定搭配。spend time doing sth. 所以用studying。55.student students 考查复数名词。one of 后面用复数名词students。56.in to / into / by 考查固定搭配。be admitted to/ into / by 被.录取。57.meet met 考查动词时态。本句是过去式，所以用动词的过去式met。58.wanted want 考查动词时态。本句是一般现在时，所以用原形want。59.去掉been 考查时态语态。主语和谓语之间是主动关系，所以去掉been。60.came come 考查谓语动词。will后用动词原形come。考点：短文改错。6.【四川省资阳市2016届高三上学期第二次诊断】请改正下面短文中的错误。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词；删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉； 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。One Monday afternoon, we were playing the basketball on the playground while Isuddenly slipped and fell over. On seeing that, all my classmates rushed to me. Under the help of several other students, Li Xiang, one of my best friend put me on his back and head for the clinic immediately. It turned out that my right ankle got hurt but I had to be sent to hospital.He did not leave until ambulance arrived. The following day, he came to see me. To mygreatly relief, he brought textbooks with them and helped me with my lessons. It was a great pleasure to have such a devoting friend.【答案】71.playing后去掉the72.while when73.Under With74.friendfriends75.headheaded76.butand/so77.until后面加the/an78.greatly great 79.themhim80.devotingdevoted【解析】试题分析：通过阅读修改此短文，考查学生对英语语法的应用，包括连词，冠词，动词时态和语态，形容词和副词的区别，名词的单复数问题等。71.playing后去掉the 考查冠词。play basketball 没有冠词，意思是：打篮球。72. while when 考查固定搭配。be doing when 是固定用法，意思是：某事正在发生这时。73.Under With 考查固定搭配。with the help of 在的帮助下。所以Under With。74.friend friends 考查名词。one of 后面用复数名词，所以friendfriends。75.head headed 考查动词的一致性。全文都是过去式，这里应该一致，所以headheaded。76.but and/so 考查连词。这里前后是并列或者因果关系，所以butand/so。77.until后面加the/an 考查冠词。ambulance 是可数名词，前面用冠词the/an，表特指或泛指。78.greatly great 考查形容词。形容词 great修饰名词relief。79.them him 考查代词。他随身带来课本，所以用him。80.devoting devoted 考查形容词。devoted 忠诚的 修饰名词。 考点：语篇理解以及语法知识。7.【浙江省杭州市五校联盟2016届高三年级上学期第一次诊断】下面短文中有10处语言错误，请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（），并在其下面写上该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。This morning I went to the supermarket, buying a toy and went to see my nephew , a 8-year-old boy named Jack. She was playing with some of his friend in the yard when I arrived there. The moment he found that I came to see him with his most favorite toy, Jack jumped with joy. Every boy and girl present wanted very much to have a look the toy. However, Jack doesnt want his friends to see it. He was about to hide the toy then I stopped him. “Let your friends to play with your toy as well, Jack you must learn to share.” I said. Realized that he was wrong, Jack played with the toy together with his friends.【答案】71.buying改为 bought72.a改为an73.She改为He74.friend改为 friends75.去掉most76.look后加 at77.doesnt改为 didnt78.then改为 when79.去掉to80.realized改为 realizing72.a改为an 考查冠词。8-year-old是元音开头，boy是可数名词，一个用an。73.She改为He 考查代词。这里指我8岁的侄子，所以She改为He。74.friend改为 friends 考查复数名词。some of 后用复数，所以friend改为 friends。75.去掉most 考查形容词的用法。favorite 最喜欢的，本身就含有最的意思，所以去掉most。76.look后加 at 考查固定搭配。have a look at 看一眼。77.doesnt改为 didnt 考查时态的一致性。本文讲述过去的事情，所以用助动词didnt。78.then改为 when 考查固定搭配。be about to do sth. when意思是：正要做某事这时。79.去掉to 考查固定搭配。let somebody do sth.让某人做某事，后面用动词原形做宾语补足语。80.realized改为 realizing 考查非谓语动词。Jack是realize的逻辑主语，所以用realizing。考点：语篇理解以及语法知识。8.【安徽省“皖南八校”2016届高三第二次联考】Good morning, everyone!Id like to share a quote with you, which go like this: “Time is said to be money, but it ismore-it is life.” It is true that time is great value. After all, anything is more precious thantime. In our daily life, weve often been told that lose time will never return. To be honest, Iam used to spend plenty of time playing computer games, what made me fall far behind myclassmates. Have realized how much time l wasted, Ive made up my minds to work hard tocatch up with them. Wasting time is just like wasting part of our lives. Such valuable is timethat if you want your dreams to come true, you should make the more of it.【答案】56.go-goes 57.加of 58.anything-nothing59.lose-lost60.去掉am61.what-which62.Have-Having, 63.minds-mind,64.Such-So,65.more-most/best【解析】试题分析：时间就是金钱、就是生命。本文是一篇号召珍惜时间的演讲。56.go-goes 考查动词主谓一致。Which引导定语从句指代一件事，谓语动词用单数，因此go-goes。57.is后面加of 考查介词。根据后面抽象名词value，可知是be+of +名词结构，因此is后面加of。58.if 考查连词。根据句意：没有什么能比时间珍贵，得知这里是表示否定，因此anything-nothing 。59. lose-lost 考查非谓语动词。此处是表示被动完成，用过去分词结构，“失去的”，因此 lose-lost。60. 去掉am 考查动词短语。根据句意：我过去总是浪费大量时间玩电脑游戏，“过去常常”used to do，因此去掉am。61.what-which 考查关系代词。用Which引导定语从句指代一件事“玩电脑”，因此what-which。9.【河南省郑州市2016年高三上学期第一次质量预测】 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。I can still remember I was once asked to make speech before the whole class at the age of 9. You can imagine how shy I was when I thought of that with so many eyes fixed to me. I had no more choice but to prepare for it, though. The hardest part was my oral presentation from my memory, for reading from the paper wasnt allowing. The real moment began before I stood on the platform with my legs trembling or my mind blank. But my listeners were waiting patient. Gradually, I found me back, giving my speech at last. After what seemed to be a long time, I heard all the listeners applauding loudly. Ever since then, my fear of speak before a big audience had disappeared. Actually, now Ive become a great speaker!【答案】71.make后添加a72.to-on73.去掉more74.allowing-allowed75.before-when76.or-and77.patiedt-patiently78.me-myself79.speak-speaking80.had-has【解析】71.make后添加a考查固定结构。Make a speech意为“做一个演讲”，是固定结构，故添加a。72.to-on考查短语。fix on意为“集中于”，故改为on。73.去掉more考查成分多于。根据句意可知这里是我没有选择，故去掉more。74.allowing-allowed考查被动语态。这里是被允许，是被动语态，故改为allowed。75.before-when考查固定结构。The momentwhen是固定用法，故改为when。76.or-and考查and的用法。陈述句中的和用and表示，故改为and。77.patiedt-patiently考查副词。Patiently用来形容wait，故改为patiently。78.me-myself考查固定结构。Find oneself back意为找回某人自己，故改为myself。79.speak-speaking考查动词。Of是介词，介词后面动词用-ing的形式，故改为speaking。80.had-has考查时态。本文是一般现在是，所以此处的完成时也应该是现在完成时，并且主语为单数，故改为has。考点：考查词汇和句型的运用。10.【山东省德州市2016届高三上学期期末统考】Dear Barbara， How are you? Today Ive got a wonderful news to tell youI have admitted to Berkely school in CaliforniaMore than 3000 students took exams for it，but only a few was chosen and I was one of themTherefore，my parents are not happy about itThey are strong against me going thereThey say it is too far away that they will not see me for a whole year and they are afraid of I will feel homesickThey cant imagine so young a girl like me live aloneThey advise me to choose a university near my home insteadThen I would be able to continue living with themHow can I persuade them to accept the fact what I have grown up? Yours FaithfullyJane Blair【答案】71.去掉a72. 加上been73.was were74.ThereforeHowever75.strong strongly 76.tooso77.of去掉，或者of that78.live living79.would will80.whatthat73.was were考查谓语动词。主语I后面应该用谓语动词were，故把was改成were。74.ThereforeHowever考查副词。根据上下文可知此处表示“转折”，所以应该用However，故把Therefore改成However。75.strong strongly 考查副词。此处副词strongly用来修饰动词against，故把strong改成strongly。76.tooso考查连词。sothat固定搭配，表示“如此以至于”，故把too改成so。77.of去掉，或者of that考查介词。此处afraid后面是句子，而be afraid of后面应该接短语，所以应该将of去掉或者改成that引导的宾语从句。78.live living考查动名词。Imagine doing sth.固定搭配。所以imagine后面应该接动词Ing形式，故把live改成living。79.would will考查情态动词。由于此处表达的是一般将来时的含义，所以应该用情态动词will，故把would改成will。80.whatthat考查关系代词。此处the fact后面接的从句是定语从句，用来修饰the fact，所以应该用关系代词that修饰，故把what改成that。11.【山东省淄博市淄川第一中学2016届高三上学期期末】 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Ladies and gentlemen，Its my honor to give a speech hereAfter-class activities play a important part in our school lifeProper activities help enrich our lives，broaden our horizons or develop our personalities.Mine own experience can serve as a case in point. When I was in Senior one，I become a member of our drama club，that I used to visit on weekendsSince my participation in various activities organizing by the club，I achieved a lotThese activities bring me a lot of funs，provide me with good opportunities to develop new friend-ships and open a window through which I have a brand-new outlookWith so much advantages shown above，why not to join us at once？【答案】71.a-an72.or-and73.Mine-Wanizing-organized77.I前添加have78.funs-fun79.much-many80.去掉to【解析】71.a-an考查冠词。Important的首字母发音是元音，前面冠词需要用an，故改为an。72.or-and考查and的用法。陈述句中的和用and表示，故改为and。73.Mine-My考查形容词性物主代词。这里应该是形容词性的物主代词，故改为My。74.become-became考查时态。本文为一般过去时，故改为became。75.that-which考查非限制性定语从句。引导词在从句中不作任何成分，并且有逗号隔开，故改为anizing-organized考查activities和organize之间构成被动关系，故改为organized。 考点：考查词汇和句型的用法。12.【黑龙江省哈尔滨市第六中学2016届高三上学期期末】短文中共有10处语言错误，每句话最多两处错误。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在此处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出增加的词;删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉;修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从十一处起）不计分。Everyone has a dream. We are on the way to achieve it whether the way is smooth or toughly. As senior 3 student, I have the same dream as my classmates that I can be admitted to an ideal university. In the past three years, I have done everything I can to equip myself with that I have learnt from my teachers. Not only have I enjoyed the pleasure of study but also I have got closer to my dream. Anxious and pressure did discourage fro