组建一个小型局域网.doc

实验：组建局域网1、局域网技术 局域网（LAN）是指在某一区域内由多台计算机互联成的计算机组。一般是方圆几千米以内。局域网可以实现文件管理、软件共享、打印机共享、工作组内的日程安排、电子邮件和传真通信服务等功能。局域网是封闭型的，可以由办公室观众的两台计算机组成，也可以由一个公司的上千台计算组成。2、所用到的硬件及知识点：该实验用到4台路由器、3台交换机、5台PC机。VLAN划分,TRUNK,RIPV2.3、拓扑图：（1） PC地址表：设备（主机名）IP地址子网掩码默认网关PC1200.30.40.2255.255.255.0200.30.40.1PC2200.30.50.2255.255.255.0200.30.50.1PC3201.30.60.2255.255.255.0201.30.60.1PC4202.30.61.3255.255.255.0202.30.61.1PC5202.30.70.2255.255.255.0202.30.70.1PC6202.30.70.3255.255.255.0202.30.70.1PC7202.30.71.3255.255.255.0202.30.71.1（2）端口分配交换机交换机号端口所连PC分配VLANS1Fa0/1PC1VLAN 40S1Fa0/2PC2VLAN 50S2Fa0/1PC3VLAN 60S3Fa0/1PC4VLAN 61S4Fa0/1PC5VLAN 70S5Fa0/2PC6VLAN 70S5Fa0/3PC7VLAN 71（3）接口分配表路由器路由器接口地址R1S0/3/0200.0.0.2R2S0/3/0200.0.0.3R2S0/3/1210.0.0.2R3S0/3/0210.0.0.3R3S0/3/1220.0.0.3R4S0/3/0220.0.0.24、局域网具体配置（1）PC机的配置注：PC2、PC3、PC4、PC5、PC6、PC7配置相同（2）设交换机主机名例：Switch1：SwitchenableSwitch#configure terminalSwitch(config)#hostname s1 /s1为所设置的交换机名称S1(config)#exitRouter 1:RouterenableRouter#configure terminalRouter (config)#hostname R1 /s1为所设置的交换机名称R1(config)#exit注：路由器R2,R3,R4与R1设置相同。交换机S2，S3，S4，S5与S1的设置相同（3）VLAN设置例: S2S2(config)#interface FastEthernet0/2 S2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk /将f0/2转换成trunks2(config-if)#no shutdowns2(config-if)#exits2(config)# interface FastEthernet0/1s2(config-if)#no shutdowns2(config-if)#exits2(config)#vlan 60 /创建VLAN 60S2(config-vlan)#inter vlan 60s2(config-if)# interface FastEthernet0/1s2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 60 /加入VLAN 60s2(config-if)#no shutdown注：如果交换机与交换机，交换机与路由器相连要强制转换为trunk。若交换机与PC则不需要。S1，S3，S4如s2配置。（4）路由器设置R1:R1(config)# interface FastEthernet0/0R1(config-if)#no shutdownR1(config-if)#exitR1(config)# interface serial0/3/0R1(config)#ip address 200.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 /写入IPR1(config-if)#no shutdownR1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0.40R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 40 /封装子接口到VLAN 40R1(config-subif)#ip address 200.30.40.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-subif)#exitR1(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0.50R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 50 R1(config-subif)#ip address 200.30.50.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-subif)#exitR2(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0.60R2(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 60 R2(config-subif)#ip address 201.30.60.1 255.255.255.0R2(config-subif)#exit R3(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0.60R3(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 61 R3(config-subif)#ip address 202.30.61.1 255.255.255.0R3(config-subif)#exitR3(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0.70R3(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 70 R3(config-subif)#ip address 202.30.70.1 255.255.255.0R3(config-subif)#exitR3(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0.71R3(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 71 R3(config-subif)#ip address 202.30.71.1 255.255.255.0R3(config-subif)#exitR1(config)#router ripR1(config-router)#version 2 /版本R1(config-router)#network 200.0.0.0 /转发的网络R1(config-router)#network 200.30.40.0 R1(config-router)#network 200.30.50.0R1(config-router)#exit注：R2转发的网络R2(config-router)#network 200.0.0.0R2(config-router)#network 210.0.0.0R2(config-router)#network 201.30.60.0R3转发的网络R3(config-router)#network 210.0.0.0R3(config-router)#network 220.0.0.0R3(config-router)#network 202.30.61.0R3(config-router)#network 202.30.70.0R3(config-router)#network 202.30.71.0R4转发的网络R4(config-router)#network 220. 0. 0.0 (5)时钟设置比如R2中的s0/3/0R2(config)# interface serial0/3/0R2(config-if)#ip address 200.0.0.3 255.255.255.0R2(config-if)#clock rate 64000R2(config-if)#no shutdown5、测试PC1为VLAN 40，PC2为VLAN 50，PC3为VLAN 60，PC4为VLAN 61，PC5和PC6同属于VLAN 70，PC7为VLAN 71（1）同一VLAN之间的测试PC5（200.30.70.2）和PC6（200.30.70.3）之间的测试(2)不同网段之间的测试1、PC1(200.30.40.2)和PC2(200.30.50.2)先到相应的网段200.30.50.0，再根据路由表进行转发。2、PC1(200.30.40.2)和PC3(201.30.60.2)先到相应的网段201.30.60.0，再根据路由表进行转发。3、PC6(202.30.70.3)和PC7(202.30.71.3)先到相应的网段202.30.71.0，再根据路由表进行转发。注：其它的测试如上图所示，均可Ping通。5、举例R3中的配置R3enableR3#show runBuilding configuration.Current configuration : 1081 bytes!version 12.4no service timestamps log datetime msecno service timestamps debug datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname R3!ip name-server 0.0.0.0!interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address duplex auto speed auto!interface FastEthernet0/0.61 encapsulation dot1Q 61 ip address 202.30.61.1 255.255.255.0!interface FastEthernet0/0.70 encapsulation dot1Q 70 ip address 202.30.70.1 255.255.255.0!interface FastEthernet0/0.71 encapsulation dot1Q 71 ip address 202.30.71.1 255.255.255.0!interface FastEthernet0/1 no ip address duplex auto speed auto shutdown!interface Serial0/2/0 no ip address shutdown!interface Serial0/2/1 no ip address shutdown!interface Serial0/3/0 ip address 210.0.0.3 255.255.255.0!interface Serial0/3/1 ip address 220.0.0.3 255.255.255.0!interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown!router rip version 2 network 202.30.61.0 network 202.30.70.0 network 202.30.71.0 network 210.0.0.0 network 220.0.0.0!ip classless!line con 0line vty 0 4 login!endS1#show running-configBuilding configuration.Current configuration : 1088 bytes!version 12.1no service timestamps log datetime msecno service timestamps debug datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname S1!interface FastEthernet0/1 switchport access vlan 40!interface FastEthernet0/2 switchport access vlan 50!interface FastEthernet0/3 switchport mode trunk!interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown!interface Vlan40 no ip address!interface Vlan50 no ip addressline con 0!line vty 0 4 loginline vty 5 15 lo