高三语法复习课：v-ing用法及对比练习课件.ppt

,The use of the -ing form,Sending e-mails is more and more popular. 2. Its no use taking this kind of medicine.,分析下面句子找出相同之处：,3. Writing the book has taken up all his spare time.,一、动名词（短语）做主语,4。 Theres no saying what hell do next.,注：动名词（短语）做主语常用于下列结构： a. Its no use / no good/ a waste of time doing,b. Theres no doing=,it is impossible to do,e.g. Theres no saying what hell do next.,注：动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别： 动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作，不定式作主语通常表示具体的动作或行为，如：,在实际运用中，一般可以互换，差异不大。但在下列几种情况中不能互换： 1). 当表语是动名词时，主语也要用动名词；当表语是不定式时，主语也要用不定式，如：,即平行对等,Going shopping is my favorite. To go shopping this afternoon is impossible.,Seeing is believing. To see is to believe.,1.Its important _ (learn) foreign languages. 2.Its quite necessary _ (read) it many times.,2)在Its important / Its necessary / Its advisable / Its possible 这类句型中，只能用不定式,to learn,to read,注：动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别： 动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作，不定式作主语通常表示具体的动作或行为，如：,在实际运用中，一般可以互换，差异不大。但在下列几种情况中不能互换： 1). 当表语是动名词时，主语也要用动名词；当表语是不定式时，主语也要用不定式，如：,即平行对等,Going shopping is my favorite. To go shopping this afternoon is impossible.,Seeing is believing. To see is to believe.,(高考题点击)： 1. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and _. (01 上海) A. hed like to collect coins as well B. he feels like collecting coins, too C. to collect coins is also his hobby D. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure 2. _ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed,在 and 连接的并列句中，两个主语要保持一致的形式。,在这个句子中，will do是谓语，缺少主语，要用动名词作主语。expose与ones skin是动宾关系，所以要用动名词的被动式being exposed。,D,C,for / of sb. to do,my / Toms doing,_ (李明的迟到）made the teacher angry. 2.Do you mind _(我在这吸烟)？ 3. This led to _ (这个贼被抓)。,Li Mings being late,my/ me smoking here,the thief being caught,即时巩固练习:,动名词的复合结构就是前面带有代词或名词的动名词结构。 有时为了明确动名词所表示的动作的执行者，可以在动名词之前加上一个物主代词或名词所有格，来表示动名词逻辑上的主语。有时也可以用人称代词宾格或名词普通格，不过，这主要用于口语中。如： She wont hear of us/ our leaving the village.,1). _ (work) hard if you want to conquer English and youll succeed at last . 2). _ (work) hard if you want to conquer English will make you succeed at last . 3). _ (work) hard if you want to conquer English , which will make you succeed at last .,work,working,work,练习：,注意与“祈使句+and/or +句子” 的区别,4).Theres no _ what hes going to do.,telling,1. _ in an atmosphere of simple living was what she hoped for. A. The girl s being educated B. The girl to be educated C. The girl educated D. The girl was educated 2. I dont mind _ the decision as long as it is not too late. A. you to delay making B. your delaying making C. your delaying to make D. you delay to make 3. _ will help a lot A. He coming B. His come C. His coming D. That he came 4. She spoke too quietly _ . A. for me to hear her B. to me to hear her C. of me to hear her D. for me to be heard 5. Tony was very unhappy for _ to the party. A. having not been invited B. not having been invited C. having not invited D. not having invited 6. _ what the weather will be like. A. It is no knowing B. There is no knowing C. There is not knowing D. It was not known,A,B,C,A,D,B,1.He really loves surfing the internet. 2. I couldnt help crying when I heard it. 3. He tried to avoid being injured.,二、动名词（短语）做宾语,只能用动名词作宾语的动词,admit,appreciate, avoid , consider(考虑),dislike, enjoy , escape, excuse,finish , fancy,imagine,keep, mind ,miss, practise,quit,risk, resist, suggest, stand,+ doing sth.,begin, start, continue like,love, hate, prefer,to do sth.,doing sth.,( 指具体的动作）,（泛指的行为）,意义差别不大,1).I like _(dance), but I dont like _(dance) today.,dancing,to dance,既可用动名词，又可用不定式作宾语的动词,cant help, feel like, succeed in, be fond of, object to, stick to, be proud of, be tired of, look forward to, be worth, devote oneself to, be busy, pay attention to, be accustomed to, be addicted to, be reduced to,+doing sth.,在need, want, require等后，可用动名词的主动式表示被动含义，或用不定式的被动式，意义上无差别。但用动名词较为普遍，（这时主语一般是物）,试译： 这只表需要修.,The watch needs repairing/ to be repaired.,need, want, require,to be done,doing,=,(需要做什么）,The flower needs _ (water). _.,/ to be watered,watering,1).remember/forget/regret to do remember/forget/regret doing 2).go on to do go on doing 3).try to do try doing 4).mean to do mean doing 5).cant help (to) do cant help doing 6)stop to do/ stop doing,可以用两种结构，但意义明显不同,I regret _ (miss) the good chance. I regret _ (say) that Im too busy to help you.,missing,to say,1. Try _ (knock) at the back door if no one hears you at the front door. 2. He tried _ ( escape) but failed. 3. She couldnt help me _ (work) out the problem. 4. She couldnt help _ (laugh) on hearing the good news. 5. I meant _ (help) you, but I couldnt. 6. To do such a thing means _ (waste) time. 7. I remember _ (see) him somewhere before. 8. Please remember _ (close) the door when you leave.,knocking,to escape,to work,laughing,to help,wasting,seeing,to close,9.When class began, they all stopped _ (talk). 10.When they met in the street, they stopped _ (talk) for a while. 11. After the rain, we went on _ (work) in the field. 12. After he had learned English, he went on _ (learn) German.,talking,to talk,working,to learn,I cannot stand _with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _talking while she works. A. working , stopping B. to work, to stop C. to work, stopping D. working, to stop 2. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time_the exam.(04 福建) A. pass B. to pass C. passed D. passing 3. The man insisted_ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. （04江苏） A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding,高考链接：,3作介词宾语 下列短语中的to都是介词，所以后面跟名词或-ing形式：devote. to，object to，pay attention to，get down to，lead to, look forward to，stick to，be used to , be accustomed to, be addicted to, be reduced to等,Translation:,1.你的头发该理了。 2.你难道不记得你昨天告所了我这个故事了吗？ 3. 他的父母坚持他上大学。 4. 这个病人必须被隔离避免感染他人。 5.写这本书占据了他所有的时间。 6.很难想像他毫无考虑地接受了这个决定。 7. 跟这种人交谈是浪费时间。 8.玛丽没有完成任务让他老板很生气。 9. 无法知道明天将会发生什么？,1. Your hair wants cutting. 2. Dont you remember telling me the story yesterday？ 3. His parents insist on going to college 4. The patient must be separated to avoid infecting others. 5. Writing the book has taken up all his spare time. 6. It is difficult to imagine his accepting the decision without any consideration. 7.Its a waste of time talking to such a man. 8.Marys not completing the task made her boss angry. 9. Theres knowing what will happen tommow.,The film is so moving . Their job is building houses.,注:-ing作表语与不定式作表语的区别： 试比较：,1）My favourite sport is swimming. 2） The first thing is to improve English .,又如：he is swimming in the river.,谓语,（三）-ing 作表语,-ing作表语时表示比较抽象的行为、习惯； 不定式作表语时表示具体的某一次动作，,还要注意V-ing 和V-ed作表语在意义上的 区别。,试区别：Im interested in English The film is interesting,类似情况还有：surprising surprised, exciting excited, tiring tired , disappointing disappointed, encouraging encouraged ， interesting interested ，amazed amazing , bored boring , pleasing pleased, astonishing astonished, confusingconfused,表示人的感觉，主语通常是人。,表示事物本身的特点，主语通常是事物。,即时巩固练习,用所给动词的done或 doing形式填空： 1)The journey was quite_(tire) 2)The story is very_We are_ in it(interest) 3、The result of the exam made me _ (disappoint) 4)This was really an _moment(excite) 5)The _boy couldnt believe his ears(amaze),tiring,interested,disappointed,exciting,amazed,interesting,(四)Ving 作状语,可表时间、原因、方式、条件、让步、伴随等含义, 相当于一个对应的状语从句所表达的意思.,1.Walking in the street, I came across an old friend. = When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend.,2. Being ill, he didnt go to school. =As he was ill, he didnt go to school.,= As they were deeply moved, the children began to cry.,3. Deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry.,主动关系,被动关系,=Having been deeply moved by,1.He hurried to the booking office only_that all the tickets had been sold out. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 2. _ more about university courses, call (920) 746-3789. （05浙江卷） A.To find out BFinding out CFind out D.Having found out 3. The storm left, _ a lot of damage to this area . （05全国卷1） Acaused Bto have caused Cto cause Dhaving caused 4.He sent me an E-mail,_ to get further information. A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope,高考链接：,不定式表出乎意料 的结果,V.ing表自然而然的结果,1. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.( 2004全国 ) A. Having suffered B.Suffering C. That D. Suffered,精析：根据句意“it may now be too late to ” 和 “already”可知“河流已经被严重污染”，应用完成时。答案A。,高考链接,3. - The picture _ on the wall is painted by my niece.( 2001上海) having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung,解析：本题考查过去分词作定语的用法。分析题目可知，谓语是is painted，那么选项部分应是充当定语的。A项是现在分词的完成式，其一般不作定语，只作时间或原因状语；C项动词“第三人称单数”显然也不能作定语，只作谓语；分析 the picture与动作 hang之间的关系，其不含被动意义，D项排除； B项是现在分词的一般式，相当于定语从句which is hanging。答案B。,Step 1: 分析句子结构,判断是谓语还是非谓 1. 1) _many times , but he still couldnt understand it . 2) _many times , he still couldnt understand it . A. Having been told B. telling C. He was told D. Though he was told 2. 1)_to the left , youll find the post office . 2) If you _to the left, youll find the post office . 3)_to the left and youll find the post office . A. Turning B. To turn C.Turn D.Turned E.turn,析: , 一般不能连接句子,而;或and/or/but/so可以 连接句子.,C,A,A,E,C,Step 2: 找逻辑主语,Finding her car stolen, _. A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searching thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D.she hurried to a policeman for help 2. In order to make our city green,_. A. it is necessary to have planted more plant B. many more trees need to pant C. our city needs more trees D.we must plant more trees,注:非谓动词做状语 时,它的逻辑主语为 句子的主语.,1. The building _now will be a restaurant . 2. The building _next year will be a restaurant . 3. The building _last year is a restaurant. A. having been built B.to be built C.being built D. built,句1中 now 说明大楼正在被修，故用进行式，选C。 句2中next year 说明大楼将在明年被修，故用表将来的不定式，选B。 句3中 last year 说明大楼已被修，但不能选A，因为现在分词的完成式不能作定语，故用过去分词，选D。,C,B,D,Step3: 分析时态(在选定了主动或被动后，还要 考虑动作发生的时间问题，即时态.),时 态 和 语 态,doing,being done,having done,having been done,V-ing 的否定式,在 分词前加“not ”,doing,being done,having done,having been done,(not),(not),(not),(not),常见考点类型,1._ from the hill, you can get the whole town. 2._ from the hill, the whole town looks beautiful.,Seeing,Seen,一. 主语一致性的考察,常见考点类型,Waiting for a bus, _. A. a brick fell on my head B. A little girl came to talk with me. C. I was hit by a brick on the head D. I was hit by a brick on my head,C,注意分词的主语与主句主语的一致,二. 一般式与完成式的考察,29. _ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. （04北京) To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited 28. “ We cant go out in this weather,” said Bob, _ out of the window.