高三英语语法总复习代词课件.ppt

代词,anyone / any one；no one / none；nothing Playing tricks on others is _ we should never do. （04湖南） A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing We havent enough books for ; some of you will have to share. （05全国卷1） Asomebody Banybody Ceverybody Dnobody She doesnt know anyone here. She has got_to talk to. （04广东） A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. no one,B,C,D,1. anyone 和 any one anyone 仅指人,不与 of 连用；any one 既可指人,也可指物。 2. no one 和 none a) none 后跟 of 短语，既可指人又可指物，而 no one 只 单独使用，只指人。 b) none 作主语，谓语动词用单，复数均可，而 no one 作 主语，谓语动词只能是单数。 None of you could lift it. 你们中没有人可举起它。 - Did any one call me up just now? - No one. none 和 nothing none 只指量，指所指的一类人或物中一个都没有； nothing 泛指，什么东西都不存在。后面不接 of 短语。如： - Are there any eggs in the fridge? - None. In fact, there is nothing in the fridge.,every 和each _ he goes out for some food. A. Every a few days B. Every few days C. Each few days D. Every several days说明： 1) every 强调全体的概念， each强调个体概念。 Every student in our school works hard. Each student may have one book 2) every 指三个以上的人或物(含三个)， each 指两个以上的人或物 (含两个),B,3) every 只作形容词，不可单独使用。each可作代词或形容词。 Every student has to take one. Each boy has to take one. Each of the boys has to take one. 4) every不可以作状语，each可作状语。 We each have a glass to drink water with. 5) every 有“每隔”的意思，如 every two weeks等 6) every 与not 连用，表示部分否定； each 和 not连用表示全部否定。 Every man is not honest. 并非每个人都诚实。 Each man is not honest. 每个人都不诚实 .,both, either, neither, all, any, none 1： I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but _ of them came. （04北京） A. neither B. either C. none D. both 2： - Do you want tea or coffee? - _. I really dont mind. (2000 北京春季) A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither 3： - Which of the three ways shall I take to the village? - _ way as you please. （04福建） AEach BEvery CAny DEither 4： 26. I had to buy _ these books because I didnt know which one was the best. （04上海） A. both B. none C. neither D. all,A,C,C,D,1）both (两者都)，either (两者中任何一个)， neither (两者都不)。以上词使用范围为两个人或物。 Neither of the two boys is clever. 两个男孩都不聪明。 注意 both，either 的用法区别： both与复数连用，either与单数连用。 Both the boys are clever. Either of the two boys is clever. There are flowers on both sides of the street. There are flowers on either side of the street. 2）all (所有的，全部的人或物)，any (任何一个)， none (都不)。 以上词使用范围为三者以上。 All the flowers are gone. 所有的花都谢了。 I dont like any of the flowers. 这些花我都不喜欢。 I like none of the flowers. 这些花我都不喜欢。 注意：all 与 none 用法一样。跟单数名词，用单数动词；跟复数名词，用复数动词。 All of the students are there. All (of) the milk is there,few, little, a few, a little, a bit Although hes wealthy，he spends _ on clothes. A. little B. few C. a little D. a few spend 所指的是钱，不可数，只能用 little 或 a little. 本句为 although 引导的让步状语从句，由句意知后句为否定含义，因此应用 little 表示几乎不。,A,(a) few + 可数名词, (a) little + 不可数名词 a few / a little 为肯定含义，还有一点 few / little 为否定含义，没有多少了。 a bit of + 不可数名词 not a little =very much; not a bit = not at all He has a few friends. 他有几个朋友。 He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。 We still have a little time. 我们还有点时间。 There is little time left. 几乎没剩下什么时间了。 There is only a bit of ink in the bottle. We are not a little tired because we have been working for almost twenty hours. Although he had walked a long way, he didnt feel tired a bit.,考题点击： 1)- Did you go on many of the hunting trips? - No, _. A. not much B. little at all C. fewer D. very few 2) - Are you feeling tired after the game? - _. In fact, I feel quite relaxed. A. Not a little B. Not a bit C. Not bit D. Not in least 3) Tom never goes out to eat because he has _ money. A. few B. little C. much D. a few 4)_ friends Betty had made there were all invited to her birthday party. (1997 上海) A. Few of B. Few C. The few D. A few,D,B,B,C,不定代词的常见短语,1. something of 2or something 3. another day 4. the other day 5. one after another 6. one another 7. other than 8. in other words 9. anything but 10. nothing but 11 . Have none of 12. for one thing .for another 13 . on one hand .on the other hand . 14 . have something /anything /nothing to do with 15 . do nothing but do,else 的用法,- Victor certainly cares too much about himself. - Yes. Hes never interested in what _ is doing. （05重庆卷） (B) A. no one else B. anyone else C. someone else D. nobody else else 常与不定代词连用，用来表示“别的人或物”，近几年已成为高考中的热点。 no one else = nobody else，表示“没别的人”，someone else 表示“别的某个人”, anyone else 表示“别的任何人”。,If this dictionary is not yours，_can it be? (NMET2001) Awhat else Bwho else Cwhich elses Dwho elses,除了不定代词外，另一种可以与else连用的词就是疑问词。else 结构的所有格 是在else后加-s。,It的用法,1. it作人称代词,代替前面提到的事物. 2. it指代时间,季节,距离. 3. it作形式宾语,常用在6123结构中.(think , find, make, believe, ) 4. it作形式主语. 当动名词,不定式,从句作主语时,常用it作形式主语. 5. It is that.的强调句型.,1代替上文中提到过的人或事物。指代人时，一般用于小孩或身份不十分明朗的人。 例如： Who is the baby? Its my uncles son Who is knocking at the door? It must be the postman 【典型例题】 (NMET2001) The Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in. A. they B. it C. one D. which,B,2用于表达天气、环境、时间、距离、季节等。 Its half an hours walk from here to our school Its nice and warm hereBut its two oclock now, and its time for us to go to school 注意下列几种表示时间的句型,.It is time ( about time ,high time ) that . Its high time that we left. .It is the first ( second . ) time that . Its the first time that I have been praised. .It is since . Its three years since they got married. .It is / was . when . It was 1949 when the PRC was founded. .It is / was . before . It will be two years before we meet again.,3. We think it important to learn a foreign language. 该句型中的it 作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“6123结构”。 6 指主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel； 1 指的是形式宾语 it； 2 指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名 词； 3 指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短 语, 动名词短语或 that 引导的宾语从句。,4. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 此句型中的真正主语是不定式短语，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词，常见的形容词有： important, necessary, natural easy , safe , common , normal , hard , difficult , dangerous , unusual, rare , impossible , pleasant 在中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写， 如：It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party,It作形式主语时的几个常见句型: . It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 该句型中的不定式如果须要逻辑主语，则 须要前置介词 of, 而句型中的形容词必须是 能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词，常见的有： bad , brave , careless, clever , cruel , foolish ,good （好心的）, honest , horrible , kind , lazy , modest , naughty , nice（有教养的）, polite, rude , silly , stupid , wise , wrong 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth.,. It takes sb. . to do sth. “做要花某人” It took me ages to repair my computer. . It is no good (use ) doing sth. 该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是 no good , no use , no value, no importance Its no use crying over the spilt milk. . It doesnt matter whether ( if ) . 不论（是否）没关系 It doesnt matter whether he is for my plan or not.,. It happens (seems, appears ) that. It happened that I had seen this problem in some book. . It is said (reported, learned) that . “据说”（据报道，据悉） It is said that he has gone to New York to attend a medical meeting. . It is a pity ( a shame . ) that . It is a pity that we have lost the match with a close score.,. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural.) that . 记住that 后的从句应用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去 . It is suggested ( ordered . ) that . that 后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省常译为据建议；有命令）,. It is up to sb. to do sth. 该句型为“该由某人做”。该句型中 up后的to是介词。 It is up to him to clean o