可数名词复数变化教案.doc

可数名词的复数构成适用学科英语适用年级初一适用区域外研社版课时时长（分钟）1课时/60分钟知识点1. 名词的分类； 2.可数名词单数变的复数形式的规则； 3.不规则名词的复数构成.教学目标能力：1、能分清可数名词和不可数名词。2、能够掌握5条可数名词变单数变成复数的规则。3、考题中能够轻松处理不规则名词的复数形式。教学重点1、 常见的不可数名词； 2. 可数名词的单复数变化规则教学难点1、不可数名词没有复数形式；2、不规则名词的复数构成教学过程一、课堂导入老师将下列句子呈现给学生，学生跟着老师读下列句子，并对比前后两句话中划线部分的不同。1. There are so many boxes on the floor. There are so much water on the floor.2. I like eating fish. I like keep some different kinds of fish in my fish tank. 二、复习预习教师引导学生复习上节课所学的there be句型的概念，用法，以及there be的一般将来时态等。 （以提问、回顾的形式进行），针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑，并通过对there be具体用法的分析和扩展导入本节课所要学习的名词的分类，可数名词的复数构成等知识点。三、知识讲解知识点1：名词的分类 专有名词：主要指人、地方、组织、机构等的专有的名称。专有名词的第一个字母通常大写,如Paris 名词 个体名词 desk，table，computer 可数名词 集体名词 people，police，class普通名词 不可数名词 物质名词 water，meat，bread 抽象名词 imagination，happiness，freedom1. 【考查点】可数名词与不可数名词的区分，不可数名词没有复数形式。通常肉类，液体，面包等时不可数的。如：There is much water in the bottle. There are 7 days in a week. Im so hungry. Please give me three pieces of bread to eat.2. 【考查点】专有名词首字母必须要大写。如：we go to the Great Wall on Saturday。知识点2：规则可数名词复数的构成规则一般情况下，在单数名词词尾直接加s。在清辅音后读|s|, 在元音和浊辅音后读|z| 如：map maps,boy boys,horse horses, table tables.s,x ,sh,ch结尾的词加es,读|iz| 如：classclasses, boxboxes, dishdishes, benchbenches.以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es。如：familyfamilies, citycities, partyparties.注意：以元音字母+y结尾的词，直接加s. boy_boys以o结尾的名词a. 一般情况下直接加s,读|z| photo_photos piano_pianosb. 少数加es，读|z| heroheroes, negronegroes, tomatotomatoes, potatopotatoes （巧记：英雄和黑人爱吃西红柿和土豆）以f或fe结尾的名词a. 一般将f或fe为v,再加es，读|vz| 如：shelfshelves, wolfwolves, lifelives, knifeknives.（wife，knife， wolf, thief, shelf, self, life, half, leaf）b. 有些直接加s,读|s| roofroofs ,safesafes1. 【考查点】规则名词的复数形式如：a. There is a box on the desk. There are some boxes on the desk. (写出划线部分的复数形式)b. There is a potato in my basket. There are 2 potatoes in my basket.(同上)c. I like the city very much.I like these cities very much.(同上)2.【考查点】名词作定语如： What kind of porridge would you like, Alice? I would like egg porridge.3.【考查点】名词在语境中的辨析如：There are some _C_ on the floor. A. milk B. child C. boxes知识点3：不规则名词复数的构成变内部元音：man-men ,woman-women, tooth-teeth单复数同形：fish, sheep, deer, Chinese, jin（斤）yuan(元)无规则变化：mouse-mice ,child-children1.【考查点】不规则名词的复数形式如： There are 3 fish in the fish tank. My parents have 2 children.2.【考查点】表示某国人时的复数形式如：德国人：Germans; 英国人：Englishmen四、例题精析【例题1】【题 干】 Do you think the of this skirt suits me?Of course! You always look beautiful in red.A. size B. design C. price D. color【答案】D【解析】考查名词的辨析。size“尺寸”；design“设计”；price“价格”；color“颜色”。由答语“当然了！你穿着红色总是很漂亮。所以选择答案D。【例题2】【题 干】Would you like some _?No, thanks. Im not hungry at all.A. water B. soup C. orange D. bread【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。water“水”；soup“汤”；orange“橘子”；bread“面包”。由下文句意“不，谢谢。我一点也不饿。”可知上文询问对方是否吃某样东西。故选D。【例题3】【题 干】 More and more people would like to go on vacation abroad. They should remember to be _ with good manners.A. visitorsB. playersC. volunteers 【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义。题意：越来越多的人想去国外度假，他们应该牢记要做一个有礼貌的游客。visitors 游客；players 运动员；volunteers 自愿者。根据题意选A。 【例题4】【题 干】 Where are the _ students?They are playing football with _ students from Hilltop School.A. boys，/ B. boys, the C. boy, / D. boy, the【答案】D【解析】考查名词作定语和冠词的用法。一般而言，作定语用的名词都是单数形式，第二空后的students特指Hilltop School的学生，故前面加冠词the，所以选择答案D。 五、课堂运用【基础】1.Where is Thomas? He left a . A. information B. message C. news【答案】B。【解析】考查名词单复数。冠词a提示空格处用可数名词。三个答案中只有message是可数名词。2What would you like to drink, girls?，_ please.A. Two glass of water B. Two glass of watersC. Two cups of tea D. Two cups of teas【答案】C 【解析】考查名词的数 glass和cup是可数名词，两杯应用复数形式，因此A、B错误；tea是不可数名词，没有复数，故选C。3. Are there any _in your school? Yes, there are. A. Germen B. Germans C. German【答案】B 【解析】本题考查名词复数形式。由句中be动词are可知此处应名词复数形式，German的复数形式为Germans。故选B。 4. The students didnt find much _ about the topic on that website.A. report B. article C. information D. story【答案】C 【解析】考查名词的用法 句意：学生们在网上没有发现有关这个话题的很多信息。Much之后要用不可数名词，只有information是不可数名词。其他的report，article和story都是可数名词。【巩固】5. Someone called you just now.I know. But I was busy at that moment. When I called back, there was no _.A. voice B. sound C. answer D. result【答案】C 【解析】 考查名词在语境中的辨析。句意：刚才有人给你打电话。我知道。但是当时我正忙着。当我回拨的时候，没人接了。选C，answer，回答，在此意为接电话。其他的voice，说话声；sound，声音；result，结果，都不符合题意。6. Do you have any ?Yes, I like chess and drama best.A. jobsB. dutiesC. hobbiesD. problems【答案】C【解析】名词辨析题。根据答语，我最喜欢棋类和戏剧。得知问句应是问习惯爱好。7. Mum, Ive heard that we cant eat _ these days. Is it true?Take it easy. It is safe to eat cooked meat.A. chicken B. chickens C. a chicken D. the chicken【答案】 A【解析】考查名词的用法。chicken鸡肉，为不可数名词，故不可以加冠词a，后也能加s ，泛指吃鸡肉也不需要加冠词the，所以选择答案 A。 【拔高】8. The mountain I visited last Sunday isnt very _. Few _ go sightseeing there.A. tourist; tourists B. touristy; touristC. touristy; touristsD. tourist; tourist【答案】C【解析】考查派生词。句意：我上周日参观的那座山没有非常适合观光的。几乎没有游客去观光旅游。第一个空前有be动词及修饰词very,可知本空要填形容词。Few 是形容词，修饰可数名词的复数形式，故第二空选名词复数形式。tourist是名词游客；touristy是形容词适合观光的。故选C。9. In this exam, youre asked to write a composition of about _.A. 90-wordsB. 90-wordC. 90 wordsD. 90 words【答案】C【解析】考查“数词+名词”结构的表达。句意：在这次考试中，你被要求去写一篇90个字的作文。根据空格来判断，本空应填名词。B项具有形容词性质，后必须接名词，并且这种结构中名词只能用单数，排除A、B；答案D 的表达形式是错误的，排除。故选C。10. I saw some _ and _ dancing in the street the day before yesterday.A. Germen; Englishmen B. Germans; Englishmans C. Germans; English