高一英语语法PPT课件——定语从句.ppt

高一年级定语从句,授课人:高青海,定 语 从 句,定语从句（TTRIBUTIVE CLAUSE) 1.定语从句的定义 定语从句: 用来修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句.它一 般都跟在所修饰的名词或代词的后面,被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词. 2.定语从句的引导词 关系代词: who, whom, which, that, whose ,as（主宾表） 关系副词: when, where, why（状） (whose作定语;whom作宾语） 请看下列例句：,人,1.The man is my teacher. 2.This is the book 3.The man is my brother. 4.I will remember the things 5.The room is mine. 6.The girl is in my school. 7.This is the same coat . 8.Dont read such books he didnt come. 10.I still remember the day 11.The school is very beautiful.,who is talking to my mother,which is about medicine,whom I spoke to just now,which I saw in the school,whose window faces the street,whose father works abroad,as I bought,as are not interesting,As we expected,when I met her.,where he works,3.定语从句的几种特殊类型,）that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that,不用which。,(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。,I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.,(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等 修饰时。,Ive read all the books that are not mine.,(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,This is the first book (that) he has read.,(4)先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时。,This is the very book that I am looking for.,（5）先行词既有人，又有物，引导词只用that,The school and students that he visited made a deep,impression (印象) on him.,( 6 )Who/Which/What之后引导词用that,不用who或which,Who is the lady that is talking to our teacher?,Which is the book that you want to read?,All _ he learned from the teachers is valuable. You can find all the information _ you need on the Internet. He told me everything _ he heard at the meeting. Sydney is the first place _ I visited in Australia. This is the most amusing(惊讶的) story _ I have read. The only information _ I got is his address. This is the very moment _ can decide your future. Ill never forget the beautiful village and the kind villagers _ I visited the summer holiday. Who is the man _is standing by the window?,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,1.非限制性定语从句 He came late again, which made me angry. 2.关系词前有介词 This is the room in which Chairman once lived. 3.一个句子中含有两个定从，一个关系代词用that,另一个用which Let me show you the book that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.,）只用which ,不用that的定语从句,1.先行词one ,ones, anyone, 指代人 The person I want to learn from is one who studies hard. 2.There be There is a gentleman who wants to see you 3.先行词在被分割的定语从句中 I met a foreigner in the park yesterday who can speak Chinese well 4.一个句子中两个定从，一个用that,另一个who The man that was praised at the meeting is the monitor who is very modest.,）修饰人只用who ,不用that的定语从句,）定语从句中的主谓一致,引导词在从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动词的单复数与所修饰的先行词保持一致。 This is the girl who _(practice) the piano every day. He has a daughter who _(be) very pretty. He had two daughters who _(be) beautiful.,practices,is,were,1.One of 结构中： Tom is one of the boys who were late. Tom is the (only/the only) of the boys who was late. 2. I ,who _ fond of music ,decide to major in music at college.,am,）定语从句中关系代词的省略,引导词在从句中做宾语，可以省略。 Your friend (_ studies in Beijing University )came to see you yesterday. He is the man(_you have been waiting for.) The necklace (_ Mary borrowed from her friend) was made of glass. The book (that I borrowed it from the library) is well written. The watch I gave it to her works well.,who /that,who/that /whom/,which/that/,/,/,）定语从句的介词前置,关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，可以把介词提前，介词 + which/whom The man _you talked to is a famous actor. The man to _you talked is a famous actor. The book _I heard about was written ten years ago. The book about _I heard was written ten years ago.,whom/who/that/-,whom,which/that/-,which,1.Do you know the student _? A. whom I often talk B. with who I often talk C.I often talk with D. that I often talk 2.Can you tell me the book _the other day? A. you talked about B. about that you talked about C. that you talked D. which you talked,C,A,当先行词为时间、地点名词，且从句中缺少时间、地点状语，用关系副词when, where引导从句。 当先行词为reason, 且从句中缺少原因状语，用关系副 词why 引导从句,I still remember the day _I first came to Ji xi.,when,Ill never forget the time _we worked on the farm.,when,This is the house _we lived last year.,where,The factory _his father works is in the west of the city.,where,）关系副词引导的定语从句,Tell the difference between them. This is the factory( _ makes shoes.) This is the factory( _ his father works.) This is the factory (_ we visited yesterday.) The day( _ I will never forget )is January 30th. I can not forget the day (_ I joined the party).# Please tell me the reason( _you are late.) He has told me the reason( _ can explain his absence(缺席) from the meeting. ) The reason (_he told us) was not true. #,which/that,where,which/that/-,which/that/-,when,why,which/that,which/that /-,1.关系副词when 和where引导的定语从句中，when和where 可以用介词+which 来代替，介词要根据与先行词的关系来确定。,He will remember the years _he studied at college.,when,/in which,This is the farm _my father used to work.,where,/on which,2.关系副词why引导的定语从句中,why 可以用for+which 来代替,Do you know the reason why/ for which he was late?,1.Is this the hospital _he worked ten years ago? A. that B. which C. in which D. in where 2.His uncle works in a factory _bicycles are made. A that B. which C. where D. in that 3.The Second World War _millions of people were killed ended in 1945. A during which B. in that C. where D. on which,C,C,A,H）whose 引导的定语从句,形式为:whose +名词,表示所属关系,即 某人的或某物的.,如 .Do you know the boy whose father is a scientist? .There are many trees whose leaves have fallen because of disease. .The girl whose dress is red is my sister.,表示所属关系时,介词用of, 关系代词为which /whom, 即the+名词+of+ which/whom, 可转换为whose+名词. He lives in a room, the window of which faces west. He lives in a room, of which the window faces west. , whose window faces west. The child was saved by a man, the name of whom was not known. The child was saved by a man, of whom the name was not known. .,whose name was not known.,I） as引导的定语从句,as引导定语从句通常用在一些固定的句型中,如: the same as., suchas., as we expected, as we all know, as he realized, as is necessary as is often the case, as we all can see ,as is mentioned等. 1.This is the same watch as I lost. 2. Dont read such books as are not useful. 3.As we expected, he didnt come.,1.As we all know , the earth is round. 2.As is mentioned above, smoking is bad for our health. 3.You have made the same mistake as you made last time. 4.As is known to everyone, the moon travels round the earth every month. 5.As is often the case, he wins the first in the examination.,The policeman _ reported the accident thinks it was Toms fault. The man _ I saw told me to come back today. The friend with _ I was traveling could speak French. The film is about a man _ wife is a film star This is the picture _ made me think of my childhood. The house _ windows face the south belongs to the Johns. They are talking about the things and persons _ they saw on the island. My hometown is not such a place _ it used to be ten years ago. The boy _ I thought was honest is actually a liar.(说谎者）,who/that,who/that /whom/-,whom,whose,which/that,whose,that,as,who/that,J）定语从句中介词的选择,用于这种情况的关系代词一般为which (指物)和 whom(指人) 1.根据从句中动词短语来确定. This is the car for which you paid a high price. (pay for) The man with whom you shook hands just now is Tom. (shake hands with sb),2.根据先行词确定. when, where, why= 介词关系代词。 .Ill never forget the day on which （= when ）I joined the army. .The factory in which （= where）his father works is far away from my hometown. .I dont know the reason for which （why）he was late for school. .This is the camera with which he often takes photos.,3.表示所属关系时,介词用of, 即the+名词+of+ which/whom,=whose+名词. He lives in a room, the window of which faces west. He lives in a room, of which the window faces west. , whose window faces west. The child was saved by a man, the name of whom was not known. The child was saved by a man, of whom the name was not known. .,whose name was not known.,4.表示整体中的一部分或中最的，介词一般也用of。both/all/ some /分数/名词+ of + whom/which The Greens have two daughters, both of whom are college students. China has many rivers, the longest of which is the Yangtze River. $ 5.据句子的意思确定介词。 This is the pilot(飞行员) for whom I bought a camera. This is the pilot with whom my brother has worked for ten years. This is the pilot by whom my son was saved,Peter _ I played tennis on Sundays was fatter than I. His house _ he paid $10,000 ten years ago is now worth $30,000. I lost my glasses _ I could see nothing. There is a big tree _ some people are sitting and chatting. They collected much money _ they could help the disabled. Yesterday we visited the Century Park _ there are many pigeons. You can get off at the next stop _ you can change for the No.10 bus. There is the plane _ I came to Shanghai.,with whom,for which,without which,under which,with which,in which,at which,on which,1.He built a telescope _ he could study the sky. A in which B. with that C. through which D. by it 2.I have two pens, _writes well. A. None of which B. neither of which C. none of them D. neither of them 3.That tree, the branches(树枝)are almost bare(秃的)，is very old. A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which 4.The train _he was trvelling was 10 minutes late. A. which B. on which C. for which D. on that 5.This is the film_ I am interested. A. in which B at which C. in that D. on which,C,B,B,B,A,1.He built a telescope he could study the sky. A in which B. with that C. through which D. by it 2.I have two pens, _ writes well. A. None of which B. neither of which C. none of them D. neither of them 3.That tree, the branches(树枝)are almost bare(秃的)，is very old. A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which 4.The train _he was trvelling was 10 minutes late. A.which B.on which C.for which D.on that 5.This is the film_ I am interested. A. in which B at which C. in that D. on which,C,B,B,B,A,1. The Greens have two daughters, both of whom are college students. 2. The Greens have two daughters, an