2019秋高中英语单元质量评估（三）（含解析）新人教版必修5.docx

单元质量评估(三)时间：100分钟分数：120分第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。AWelcome to your future lifeYou get up in the morning and look into the mirror.Your face is younglooking.In 2035，medical technology is better than ever.Many people could live to be 150，so at 40，youre not old at all.And your parents could have an antiaging treatment.Now，all three of you look the same age!You say to your shirt，“Turn red.”It changes from blue to red.In 2035，“smart clothes” contain particles (粒子) much smaller than the cells in your body.The particles can be programmed to change your clothes colour or pattern.You walk into the kitchen.You pick up the milk，but a voice says，“You shouldnt drink that！”Your fridge has read the chip (芯片) that contains information about the milk，and it knows the milk is bad.In 2035，every kind of food in the grocery store has such a chip.Its time to go to work.In 2035，cars drive themselves.Just tell your “smart car” where to go.On the way，you can call a friend using your jacket sleeve.Such “smart technology” is all around you.So will all these things come true？“For new technology to succeed，”says a scientist called Andrew Zolli，“it has to be so much better that it replaces what we already have.”The Internet is one examplewhat will be the next?【语篇解读】本文主要对未来技术在我们的日常生活中的运用进行了展望。描绘了几种未来技术将如何影响我们的日常生活。1We can learn from the text that in the future _Apeople will never get oldBeveryone will look the sameCclothes will be able to change their patternDred will be the most popular colour解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句话“The particles can be programmed to change your clothes colour or pattern”可知，这种未来的衣服中的粒子可以改变衣服的款式和颜色。答案：C2What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?AMilk will be harmful to health.BMore drinks will be available for sale.CMilk in the grocery store will stay fresh much longer.DFood in the grocery store will carry electronic information.解析：推理判断题。结合第三段中的“In 2035，every kind of food in the grocery store has such a chip”可知，未来的食品杂货店内的每一种食物都含有一个芯片，这种芯片含有关于这种食物的信息。答案：D3Which of the following is mentioned in the text?ANothing can replace the Internet.BFridges will know what people need.CJacket sleeves can be used as a guide.DCars will be able to drive automatically.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In 2035，cars drive themselves” 可知，文章提到了自动驾驶汽车，故选D。答案：D4What is the text mainly about?AFuture technology in everyday life.BFood and clothing in 2035.CMedical treatments of the future.DThe reason for the success of new technology.解析：主旨大意题。本文通过介绍未来的一些智能技术，例如智能服装、冰箱和汽车等，反映了未来技术在我们日常生活中的应用。答案：ABThe year is 2094.It has been announced that a comet (彗星) is heading towards the Earth.Most of it will miss our planet，but two pieces will probably hit the southern half of the Earth.On 17 July，a piece four kilometres wide enters the Earths atmosphere with a massive explosion.About half of the piece is destroyed，but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound.The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the sea bed.Huge waves are created and spread outwards from the hole.The wall of water，a kilometre high，rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometres an hour.Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned.Before the waves reach South America，the second piece of the comet lands in Argentina.Earthquakes and volcanoes are set off in the Andes Mountains.The shock waves move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean.The cities of Los Angeles，San Francisco and Tokyo are completely destroyed by earthquakes.Millions of people in the southern half of the earth are already dead，but the north wont escape for long.Because of the explosions，the sun is hidden by clouds of dust，and temperatures around the world fall to almost zero.Crops are ruined.The sun wont be seen again for many years.Wars break out as countries fight for food.A year later，no more than 10 million people remain alive.Could it really happen？In fact，it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth.The dinosaurs were on the Earth for over 160 million years.Then about 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared.Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of object in space.The dinosaurs couldnt live through the cold climate that followed and they died out.Will we meet the same end?【语篇解读】文章主要描述了2094年如果一颗彗星的碎片撞向地球，人类可能面临终结。5What is mainly described in the passage?AA historical discovery.BAn event of imagination.CA research on space.DA scientific adventure.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的时间2094以及下文的内容可知，文章描述了人类在2094年可能会遭遇的灾难。这些事情只是一种想象而已。答案：B6When the first piece hits the South Atlantic，it causes _Aan earthquakeBdamages to citiesCan Earth explosionDhuge waves解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Huge waves are created and spread outwards from the hole.”可知答案。答案：D7Why cant the northern half of the earth escape for long?ABecause the land is covered with water.BBecause the light and heat from the sun can not reach the earth.CBecause people there can not live at the temperature of zero.DBecause wars break out among countries.解析：推理判断题。文章第三段中提到，南半球数以百万计的人已经死了，而北半球也逃脱不了这种厄运。因为太阳照不到地球，地球上的温度几乎降到了零度。庄稼遭到了破坏，食物缺乏导致战争的爆发。所以，一切的根源在于B项所提到的事情。答案：BCWhen planning a vacation，many people consider the popular tourist sites they want to visit.But thats not what my husband and I did when we planned our vacation to Japan.We thought about the kind of farm we wanted to visit.Ours was far from a typical (典型的) vacation.We were WWOOFing！WWOOF stands for World Wide Opportunities on Organic Farms.The organization connects people interested in organic farming.Volunteers，known as WWOOFers，help their hosts with daily activities.These include everything from baking bread to picking vegetables.Hosts provide volunteers with food and provide a place for them to stay.My husband and I certainly felt like family when our host met us at the train station.She told us to call her OkasanMum.Likewise，we called her husband OtosanDad.Okasan and Otosan own an organic vegetable farm that tries to provide the local people with fresh，healthy food.When no WWOOFers are around to help，the farm work is done only by Otosan and Okasan.As part of the family，we were able to enjoy the fruits of our labor at every meal.Eating fresh vegetables three times a day combined with six hours of farm work，certainly did our bodies good.We planted vegetables and cleared rocks from fields.We also packed the vegetables so they could be sold at the market.Perhaps the most challenging thing we did was weeding a rice field.It was quite challenging because the leaves and roots of the weeds look very similar to the rice.Its not until both plants are mature (成熟的) that you can clearly tell them apartonly one produces rice.WWOOFing is unlike anything Ive ever done before，and I cant wait to do it again！Lets WWOOF!【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。作者主要介绍了自己和丈夫在日本有机农场帮农场主干活来换取食宿的经历。8What do we know about WWOOF?AIt belongs to a Japanese farm.BIt helps the poor do farm work.CIt provides tourists with hotels.DIt is an organization connected with farming.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“WWOOF stands for World Wide Opportunities on Organic Farms.The organization connects people interested in organic farming”可知，世界有机农场组织是一个有关农业的组织。答案：D9What can we infer from Paragraph 3 about Okasan and Otosans farm?AIt benefits both the locals and WWOOFers.BIt attracts many visitors every day.CIt provides free food for the locals.DIt is supported by the government.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Okasan and Otosan own an organic vegetable farm that tries to provide the local people with fresh，healthy food”及“Eating fresh vegetables three times a day.certainly did our bodies good”可知，这个家庭农场对当地人和世界有机农场组织的志愿者都有益。答案：A10What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?AThe method of producing rice.BThe hard time of the farm family.CThe difficulties in weeding a rice field.DThe most challenging thing for WWOOF.解析：段落大意题。根据倒数第二段中的“the most challenging thing we did was weeding a rice field”可知，该段主要是描述在有机农场干活遇到的最大挑战在水稻地里除草。答案：C11The author would most likely describe her WWOOFing as _AsatisfyingBworryingCboring Dtiring解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“WWOOFing is unlike anything Ive ever done before，and I cant wait to do it again”可知，作者对她的这次有机农场经历很满意。答案：ADEveryday Foodby Martha StewartNo matter how busy you are，at the end of the day you want meals that are easy to prepare.And you want lots of choices and variations.Youll find all of that in this book：250 simple recipes for delicious meals that bring freshness and nutrition.Paperback，published by Random House，$16.79Zerosby Scott Westerfeld，Margo Lanagan，Deborah BiancottiThe New York Times bestselling author Scott Westerfeld teams up with Margo Lanagan and Deborah Biancotti in the book about six teenagers with amazing abilities.These teenagers have powers that set them apart.They can do things ordinary people cant.Paperback，published by Simon & Schuster，$12.99Mighty Jackby Ben HatkeJack dislikes summer.But hes got a good reason：summer is when his single mum takes a second job and leaves him at home to watch his sister，Maddy.Its lots of responsibility，and its boring，too，because Maddy doesnt talk ever.But one day at the market，Maddy does talkto tell Jack to trade their mums car for a box of mysterious seeds.Its the best mistake Jack has ever made.Hardcover，published by Frist Second，$14.15Only Daughterby Anna SnoekstraShes caught stealing.Shes homeless and on the run.But she happens to look the same as a girl who went missing a decade ago，Rebecca Winter.She assumes Rebeccas identity，using it as a way out.Little does she know her new life as Rebecca is itself a prison and it looks like a killer might be after her.Kindle edition，published by Harlequin Enterprises，$8.88【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了四本书的作者、内容、出版社、价格等信息。12Who wrote a book to help you cook a meal?AMartha Stewart. BAnna Snoekstra.CBen Hatke. DScott Westerfeld.解析：细节理解题。根据第一本书的内容可知，Everyday Food是一本介绍烹饪的书，作者是Martha Stewart。答案：A13How much should readers pay for a story about a boys amazing experience?A$8.88. B$12.99.C$14.15. D$16.79.解析：细节理解题。根据第三本书中的“a box of mysterious seeds.Its the best mistake Jack has ever made.”可知，Mighty Jack这本书主要讲了小男孩杰克的神奇经历，买该书需付14.15美元。答案：C14How is Zeroes different from the rest books?AIt tells a story.BIts in paperback.CIts quite popular.D. Its a cowritten book.解析：细节理解题。比较每本书的作者可知，除了Zeroes这本书有三个作者(Scott Westerfeld，Margo Lanagan，Deborah Biancotti) 外，其他三本书都只有一个作者。答案：D15What do we know about Only Daughter?AIts heroine enjoys her life on the run.BIts heroine lives with a false identity.CIt provides different kinds of editions.DIt is written by Harlequin Enterprises.解析：推理判断题。根据第四本书中的“She assumes Rebeccas identity，using it as a way out.”可知，主人公用Rebecca的身份生活。据此可以判断，主人公用假的身份生活。答案：B第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Why Do We Get Angry?Anger seems simple when we are feeling it，but the causes of anger are various.Knowing these causes can make us examine our behaviour，and correct bad habits.The main reasons we get angry are triggering (触发) events，personality traits (特征)，and our assessment of situations._16_Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages.However，here are some examples：being cut off in traffic，a deadline approaching，experiencing physical pain，and much more._17_The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to ones personal history and psychological traits.Each person，no matter who they are，has psychological imbalances.People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry._18_Also，sometimes preanger does not have to do with a lasting condition，but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.19_Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of preanger，or anger itself.Sometimes ignorance and negative (消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger.20_However，anger can easily turn violent，and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence.With these main reasons in mind，we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.AOur attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.BBut some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger.CAnger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait，and is usually advised to reduce it.DAnger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.EHaving these personality traits implies the preanger state，where anger is in the background of your mind.FUnderstanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.GNot everyone acts the same in response to events，and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了人们生气的原因，并告诫我们要阻止怒气爆发。16解析：根据空前句子可知，我们生气的主要原因是触发事件、人格特征和我们对情况的评价。接下来几段具体介绍这些原因，故空格处起承上启下的作用，F项中的“Understanding these reasons.”是解题关键，故选F项。答案：F17解析：空后句子提到，有人会因一些事情一触即发，而有人却不会做出这样的反应。由此可知，空格处应为所介绍的一种情况。G项“并非每个人在事情上的反应都一样，那就是为什么让一个人发怒的事件却不会让另外一个人发怒”符合上下文语境。答案：G18解析：通过空格后的关键词Also和preanger可知，空格处的句子也应该介绍preanger，故选E项。答案：E19解析：本段主要介绍了让我们生气的因素。A项“我们对某种情况的态度和观点也可以让我们生气”是让人生气的因素之一。故选A项。答案：A20解析：空格后句子说明“生气可以很容易变成暴力，为了防止生气出现，我们最好知道生气的原因”。通过关键词however可知，空格处与空后句子构成转折关系，故选D项“生气是一种特别强烈的情感，或许人们认为他们有理由生气”。答案：D第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。On a trip to California，my family stopped for lunch.As we walked toward the entrance to the restaurant，a man，with a _21_ beard and dirty hair，jumped up from a bench and opened the door for us.Regardless of his _22_，he greeted us in a friendly way.Once inside，my daughters whispered，“Mum，he _23_”After we ordered our lunch，I explained，telling the kids to look _24_ the dirt.We then watched other customers approach the restaurant but many _25_ him.Seeing this rudeness truly upset me.The day I became a mother，I had resolved to set a good _26_ for my children.Yet sometimes when things didnt go right，being a good example was _27_When our meal arrived，I realized I had left the carsick pills in the truck.With the windiest trip ahead，the kids needed them，so I _28_ myself from the meal and went for them.Just then，the “doorman” was opening the door for a couple.They rushed past him without even acknowledging his _29_Letting them in first，I said a loud “thank you” to him as I _30_When I returned，we talked a bit.He said he was not allowed inside _31_ he purchased food.I went back and told my family his _32_Then I asked our waitress to add one soup and sandwich.The kids looked _33_ as we had already eaten，but when I said the order was for the “doorman”，they smiled.When it was time to _34_ our trip，I noticed the “doorman” enjoying his meal.Upon seeing me，he stood up and thanked me heartily.He then _35_ his hand for a handshake and I gratefully accepted.I suddenly noticed his tears in eyestears of _36_What happened next drew great astonishment：I gave the doorman a _37_！He pulled away，with tears _38_ down his face.Back in truck，I fell into deep thought.While we cant choose many things in life，we can choose when to show gratitude.I said thanks to a man who had _39_ held open a door for me，and also said thanks for that _40_ to teach my children by example.【语篇解读】尽管生活中有些东西我们无法选择，但是我们可以选择什么时候感恩。21A.heavy BlongCmessy Dgrey解析：根据空后的“and dirty hair”可知，这个人胡子凌乱，头发很脏。messy“凌乱的；不整洁的”，符合语境。答案：C22A.service BappearanceCstatus Dattitude解析：根据上文“with a_21_beard and dirty hair”可知，此处讲尽管他的外貌(appearance)如此，但他却以友好的方式和我们打招呼。答案：B23A.smokes BsmilesCsniffs Dsmells解析：根据上文“a man，with a_21_beard and dirty hair”可知，作者的女儿们认为这个人身上有臭味。smell在此处为动词，表示“有难闻的气味，散发着臭气”。答案：D24A.beyond BoverCaround Dinto解析：根据下文“We then watched other customers approach the restaurant.”可知，作者让孩子们朝着那个脏的人以外(beyond)的地方看。答案：A25A.hated BignoredCmissed Drefused解析：根据but的转折及下文“Seeing this rudeness truly upset me.”可知，许多进来的顾客都忽视(ignored)这个人。答案：B26A.target BruleCrecord Dexample解析：根据下文“Yet sometimes when things didnt go right，being a good example was_27_”可知，作者为孩子们树立一个好榜样。答案：D27A.stressful BaccessibleCawkward Dtough解析：根据上文“when things didnt go right”可知，此处讲当情况出了差错时做个好的榜样很难(tough)。答案：D28A.excused BfreedCprevented Dwithdrew解析：根据上文“.I realized I had left the carsick pills in the truck.”以及“the kids needed them”可知，忘记带晕车药了，作者正好以此为借口离开餐桌去取药了。答案：A29A.company BpresenceCeffort Dattempt解析：根据语境可知，那对夫妇从他身旁冲过去，没有注意到他的存在(presence)。答案：B30A.quitted BmarchedCexited Dapproached解析：根据上文可知，作者是要出去拿晕车药，所以在让他们先进来后，作者出去(exited)时对那个为那对夫妇开门的人大声道了谢。答案：C31A.before BunlessCthough Dsince解析：根据语境可知，除非(unless)买食物，否则那个看门人是不准进入店里的。答案：B32A.story BdeedCexperience Ddemand解析：根据下文可知，作者进去向家人说了那个看门人的故事(story)。答案：A33A.concerned BshockedCpuzzled Dbored解析：根据空后的“as we had already eaten”可知，作者一家已经吃过了，而作者又订了餐，这让家人感到迷惑(puzzled)。答案：C34A.make BstartCtake Dcontinue解析：根据上文“With the windiest trip ahead，the kids needed them.”可知，吃过饭，该是作者一家继续(continue)赶路的时候了。答案：D35A.extended BwashedCraised Dwaved解析：根据“a handshake”可知，那个人伸出(extended) 手要求握手，作者感激地接受了。答案：A36A.approval B