2019年高中英语Module6WarandPeaceSectionⅢGrammar—虚拟语气（2）教案外研版选修6.docx

Section Grammar 虚拟语气（2）语法图解探究发现I wish I knew the answer to the question at the moment.We wish we had studied harder when at school.I wish I could fly to the moon one day.Id rather you paid the money yourself.Id rather she hadnt done that then.The workers demanded that their wages (should) be increased.The boss ordered the stuff that they (should) finish the task before this Friday.He gave the advice that we (should) do the work carefully.My suggestion is that we (should) think it over before accepting it.It is important that students (should) attend all the lectures.我的发现(1)由句可知，wish后接宾语从句，从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气。用一般过去时表示与现在相反的情况，用过去完成时表示与过去相反的情况，用“would/could/might动词原形”表示与将来相反的情况。(2)句中，would rather后接宾语从句，从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气。用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望，用过去完成时表示过去的愿望。(3)句的名词性从句中，从句均采用虚拟语气，且从句的谓语动词为should动词原形，should可以省略。一、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用1动词wish后的宾语从句在wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在的事实相反用一般过去时；表示与过去的事实相反用过去完成时；表示与将来事实相反用could/would/might动词原形。I wish I were ten years younger.我希望能年轻10岁。(对现在的虚拟)I wish you had come to the lecture.我但愿你当时来听报告了。(对过去的虚拟)I wish all my classmates would come to the gettogether next month.我希望下个月所有的同学都来参加聚会。(对将来的虚拟)即时演练1用所给词的适当形式填空I wish he were (be) with us at this special moment.How I wish I had_followed (follow) my parents advice.She wishes she would_be_admitted (admit) to a famous university this year.I wish I had_met (meet) that film star yesterday.2表示“建议、要求、命令”等的动词后的宾语从句中的谓语用“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略。常见的表示“建议、要求、命令”等的动词有：suggest, insist, demand, request, desire, order, ask, advise, propose, command, recommend, require等。The organization demanded that the report (should) be made public.这个组织要求应该公开这份报告。They advise that children (should) keep away from the river.他们建议孩子要远离河水。I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting tonight.我建议我们今晚开个会。He insisted we (should) stop at a small restaurant just outside of Atlanta.他坚持让我们在亚特兰大市外不远的一家小餐馆歇歇脚。名师点津当insist表示“坚持认为；坚持说”；suggest表示“暗示，表明”时后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。She insisted that she had seen someone come out of her room.她坚持说她看见有人从她房间里出来。The report suggested that the same trend was at work in politics.这份报告表明，同一趋势也在影响着政治。即时演练2(1)完成句子He suggested that we (should)_start_off_early the next day.他建议我们第二天要早出发。He requested that the meeting (should)_be_put_off to Saturday.他要求把会议推迟到星期六。The man insisted that he had_not_stolen the money.这个人坚持说他绝对没有偷钱。(2)单句改错(2016全国卷)Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.canshould或去掉canThe smile on his face suggested that he be satisfied with our work.bewas3would rather后的宾语从句，谓语用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望，用过去完成时表示过去的愿望。Id rather that you came tomorrow.我宁愿你明天来。Id rather that you had come yesterday.你昨天来了该有多好。即时演练3(1)完成句子Wed rather you_didnt_drive after drinking.我们希望你不要酒后开车。Id rather you hadnt_told_him_the_news that day.我真希望你那天没有把那则消息告诉他。(2)翻译句子我宁愿你刚才就走了。I_would_rather_you_had_gone_just_now.我希望我们现在休息一下。I_would_rather_we_had_a_rest_now.二、虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用1在“it is essential/important/necessary/strange/surprising . that从句”中，that从句是真正的主语从句，从句中的谓语用“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略。Its strange that tourists (should) never visit this village.很奇怪，游客竟然从不参观这个村子。It is essential that these application forms be sent back as early as possible.这些申请表应尽早地寄回，这是很重要的。2在“it is suggested/demanded/ordered/recommended/required等表示“要求、建议、命令”的过去分词that从句”中，that从句是真正的主语从句，从句中的谓语用“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略。It is required that we (should) get everything ready this evening.要求我们今晚一切都准备就绪。3在“it is名词that”引导的主语从句中，从句中谓语用“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略。这类名词都是表示建议、命令、请求、道歉、怀疑、惊奇等的名词，如：advice, desire, demand, idea, order, pity, proposal, recommendation, requirement, shame, suggestion, surprise, wonder等。It is my proposal that he be sent to study further abroad.我建议派他去国外进一步学习。即时演练4完成句子It_is_strange_that such things (should) happen in our school.真奇怪这样的事情竟然在我们学校发生了。It is suggested that you (should)_attend_the_opening_ceremony.有人建议你出席开幕式。三、虚拟语气在定语从句中的应用Its (high/about) time (that) .句型中，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时或“should动词原形”(其中should通常不可省略)，句意为“确实到了的时候了”。It is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem. 确实到了我们采取措施解决这个问题的时候了。即时演练5判断句子正误(T or F)It is time that you reflected upon your mistakes._T_It is high time that we should put an end to this controversy._T_It is high time that we take effective measures to stop fake diplomas from spreading._F_四、虚拟语气在表语从句/同位语从句中的应用1当某些表示建议、请求、命令等的名词作主语时，其后的表语从句中的谓语用“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略。2当某些表示建议、请求、命令等的名词后面接同位语从句时，从句谓语用“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略。Her advice is that we (should) leave at once.她的建议就是我们应该马上离开。(2016天津高考)The manager put forward a suggestion that we (should) have an assistant.经理提出了一个建议，我们应该有一个助手。名师点津这类表示建议、请求、命令等的名词常见的有：demand(要求)，desire (请求), requirement (要求)，advice(劝告), recommendation (建议), suggestion (建议), order (命令), proposal (提议)等。即时演练6用所给词的适当形式填空My suggestion is that we (should)_go (go) to Yunnan for sightseeing.The professor gave orders that the test (should)_be_finished (finish) before 5 oclock.My advice is that you (should)_quit (quit) smoking.五、虚拟语气在as if/though引导的从句中的应用在as if引导的方式状语和表语从句中，如果从句的动作指现在的情况，则用一般过去时；如果表示过去的动作，则用过去完成时；如果表示将来的动作，则用could/would/might动词原形。He looks as if he were an artist.他看起来真像个艺术家。He spoke English as though he had studied it in England before.他英语说得好像他以前在英国学过一样。即时演练7完成句子People treat him as if he_were_a_dangerous_person.人们把他看作是一个危险人物。He talked as if/though he_had_known_it.他谈起来好像已知道此事。She opened her mouth as if/though she_would_say_something.她张开嘴好像要说什么。六、虚拟语气在if only引导的感叹句中的应用表示目前不可能实现的愿望 从句中谓语用一般过去时，be动词常用were表示过去不可能实现的愿望 从句中谓语用过去完成时表示将来不可能实现的愿望 从句中谓语用过去将来时If only I were a girl!要是我是一个女孩多好啊！If only I had passed the last exam!要是我通过了上次的考试多好啊！即时演练8翻译句子要是我是一只会飞的鸟儿就好了。If_only_I_were_a_flying_bird.要是我的朋友现在和我在一起就好了。If_only_my_friend_were_here_with_me_now.用所给词的适当形式填空1The doctor ordered that the patient (should)be_sent (send) to hospital without delay.2It is strange that the car should_break (break) down at exactly the same place where it broke down yesterday.3It is high time that we stopped/should_stop (stop) cutting down the trees.4Our teacher has loved us as if we were (be) her children.5Her look suggested that she was (be) angry.6I wish they would_stop (stop) making so much noise so that I could concentrate on my work.7His suggestion that you (should)_try (try) a second time sounds reasonable.8It is required that all members (should)_be (be) present at the opening ceremony.9If only I had_seen (see) the film!10I would rather you didnt (not, do) go now.完成句子1(2017全国卷书面表达)I wish_that_you_could_grasp this opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further.我希望你能抓住这次深入学习中国传统文化的机会。2It is time we_studied_this_problem_seriously.现在是认真研究这个问题的时候了。3All that is required of the students is that they_should_study_hard.对这些学生的全部要求是他们应该努力学习。4It is suggested that we_(should)_hold_a_speech_contest.有人建议我们举行一次演讲比赛。5Id rather you_had_come_yesterday.我宁愿你昨天来了。6It is necessary that we_should_focus_on dev