高中英语《Unit4HelpingpeoplearoundtheworldSectionⅡ》牛津译林版选修.ppt

Section Word power & Grammar and usage,写作词汇 预习Word power & Grammar and usage部分的词汇,完成下列小对话。 1.Can you suggest an (供选择的东西)? Sorry,I cant. 2.Where did he live when he was young? In a (偏远的)village. 3.What is your wish now? (要是) I had enough money.,alternative,remote,If only,1,2,语法指南,1.If I had taken an alternative path and had studied medicine,I would have a lot of medical knowledge.(P57) 如果我走另一条路,学医的话,我就会有许多的医学知识。 考点:alternative adj. 可供替代的 n.可供选择的事物 We returned by the alternative road. 我们从另一条路回来的。 Im afraid I have no alternative but to report you to the police. 恐怕除了向警方告发你之外,恐怕我别无选择。,1,2,语法指南,易混辨析 alternative,choose,pick和select alternative作名词或形容词,多指两者之间的选择,常有“非此即彼”之意。 choose 是动词(choice n.),适用范围最广,可与from或between连用。它一般指主观上的选择,还常带有最终选定的含义。 pick作动词或名词,是口头用语,指仔细地、精心地选择,含有挑剔的意思,一般指挑选有形的东西。 select用作动词,语气比choose重,多用于正式场合,指仔细地、审慎地精选,强调客观性,所挑选的对象一定是同种类的。,1,2,语法指南,1,2,语法指南,2.Should a childs parents die,UNICEF would have special projects to help the child even if he or she lives in the remotest area.If only there were more people donating money to charities!(P57) 若孩子的父母死了,联合国儿童基金会将会有特别项目来帮助儿童,即使他或她住在一个偏僻的地区。要是有更多的人给慈善机构捐款多好! 考点一:remote adj. 偏远的;偏僻的 His old mother lived in a remote village. 他的老母亲生活在一个偏僻的村子里。 She stared at the remote stars and said nothing. 她凝视着遥远的星星,沉默不语。,1,2,语法指南,考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性及含义 She was quiet and remote,which made us feel ignored. 她话不多,且很冷漠,让我们感到像被忽视一样。 词性 含义 Your chances of success are rather remote. 你成功的机会微乎其微。 词性 含义,形容词,冷漠的,形容词,微小的,1,2,语法指南,易混辨析 distant,far和remote (1)distant指时间上、空间上的遥远,也可指亲属关系上的疏远。 The station is two miles distant from the school. 车站距学校两英里远。 (2)far除表示实际距离的远和时间的遥远外,还可指程度的“远”,用于此意时可修饰表示“目光、前途、未来、过去”等的名词,还可用作副词。 A scientist is always a man of far sight.科学家总是目光远大。 (3)remote可指空间障碍,也指因离开正路而偏远、孤离原来地方,还可指关系远的,常与from连用。 Your comments are rather remote from the subject we are discussing. 你的评论跟我们正谈的问题关系不大。,1,2,语法指南,考点二:if only但愿,要是就好了。其后的从句中谓语用虚拟语气。 If only I had enough money! 要是我有足够的钱就好了! If only I had met her at the party. 如果我在聚会上遇到她就好了。,1,2,语法指南,考点延伸 阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的相关词组及含义 You will succeed only if you put all your heart into it. 你只有全身心投入才会成功。 词组 含义 Are you ready?If not,I will go without you. 你准备好了吗?如果没有,我自己去了啊。 词组 含义 What if they fail in the final match? 要是他们在决赛中输了怎么办? 词组 含义,only if,只有,if not,不然,如果没有,what if,如果将会怎么样,1,2,语法指南,注意 only if 位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装。 Only if you work hard can you achieve your goal. 只有努力工作,你才能实现目标。,1,2,语法指南,1,2,语法指南,1,2,语法指南,虚拟语气() (一)含蓄虚拟条件句 有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示,而是通过上下文或介词短语来表示。 But for your advice,I could not have done it so successfully. 要是没有你的建议,我就不会做得那么成功。 The changes could not have taken place without the open-door policy. 要是没有开放政策,这些变化就不会发生。 I was so busy then.Otherwise,I would have gone to help him.那时我太忙了,否则我就去帮他了。 I would have finished the work,but I have been ill. 我本来该完成这项工作的,但我生病了。,1,2,语法指南,(二)虚拟语气在名词性从句和状语从句中的应用 (1)在suggest,order,demand,propose,command,request,require,insist,desire,urge等动词引导的宾语从句中,要用“(should+)动词原形”来表示建议、命令、要求等;由上述动词派生或转化的名词的同位语从句或表语从句中也要用相应的虚拟形式。如:suggestion,proposal,plan,recommendation,demand,order,desire,request,requirement,insistence,advice,decision 等词。 (2)在“It is/was+某些形容词/过去分词+that 从句”句型中,that从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气,即 “should+动词原形”或只用动词原形,表示“惊奇、遗憾、怀疑、不满”等。这些形容词有important,necessary,essential,natural,strange,advisable,desirable,possible,probable,astonishing,surprising,desired,suggested,requested,recommended,ordered,proposed,decided,moved等。,1,2,语法指南,(3)在由for fear that,in case,lest 等引导的状语从句中,用 “should+动词原形”表示 “唯恐”。如: He handled the instrument with care for fear that it should be damaged. 他小心地拿着仪器,唯恐把它摔碎了。 (4)在 “It is (about/high)time+that (从句)” 中,谓语动词常用过去式或should do(should不能省略)表示虚拟语气。如: It is high time that people learned/learnt English. 正是人们学英语的时候。,1,2,语法指南,(5)在 “as if/as though” 引导的状语从句中,谓语动词与wish的宾语从句的虚拟形式相同。如: He works with such enthusiasm as if he never knew fatigue. 他这样热情地工作,好像从来不知道疲倦似的。 He speaks English as though he were an American. 他说英语好像他是美国人一样。 (6)在 look,seem等动词后的 “as if/as though”从句中,当表示真实情况时,用陈述语气,否则用虚拟语气。如: It seems as if they know each other.(真实情况) 他们好像彼此认识。 It seems as though it were already spring.(虚拟语气) 好像已经是春天了。,1,2,语法指南,(7)用在if only 引起的感叹句中。如: If only the driver hadnt driven so fast! 司机要是没开那么快就好了! (8)动词wish引导的宾语从句常用虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反的情况时,从句用一般过去时态;表示与过去事实相反的情况时,从句用过去完成时;表示与将来事实相反的情况时,从句用would+动词原形。如: I wish I were taller.我要是个子高一些就好了。 We wish you had come to our New Years party. 我们真希望你来参加了我们的新年联欢会。 I wish you would stay a little longer. 我希望你再待一会儿。,1,2,语法指南,(9)