英语写作手册考试题目.doc

英语写作手册考试题目 英语写作手册考试题目 一、填空。 1.Thewordsthatareoftenusedmaybedivided,fromastylisticpointofview,intothree2.3.Agrammaticallypletesentenceisonethatcontainsatleastanda4.Aordingtotheiruse,sentencesare5.Aloosesentenceputsthemainideabeforeallsupplementaryinformation;inother words,itputsfirstthingsfirst,andletsthereadersknowwhatitismainlyaboutwhentheyhavereadthefirstfewwords.Thereversearrangementmakesaperiodicsentence:themainideaisexpressedatorneartheendofit,anditisnotgrammaticallypleteuntiltheendisreached.(松散句，圆周句P39) 6.7.Inductivereasoning:whenyouuseinduction,youstartwithfactsandproceedfrom factstoageneralconclusion.Inotherwords,youmovefromspecificexamplestoageneralstatement. Deductivereasoning:Theprocessisjusttheoppositeofinductivereasoningitmovesfromageneralstatementtosspecificconclusion.Itworksonthemodelofsyllogismathree-partargumentinwhichtherearetwostatements,knownasthemajorpremiseandtheminorpremise,andaconclusion. 8.Theprocessofwritingaresearchpaperisgenerallydividedintofivestepsorstages: ?Choosingatopic; ?Collectinginformation; ?Analyzingtheinformation,organizingideas,andworkingoutandoutline; ?Writingthefirstdraft; ?Revisingthedraftandfinalizingthepaper. 二修辞辨别。 Namethefiguresofspeechusedineachofthefollowingsentences:(p21-22) 1.Herrichrelativerainedbirthdaypresentsonheronlyson.(隐喻：metaphor) 2.Wrongideasmanyharmmanjustlikediseases.(明喻：simile) 3.Somewordsmaybedefacedbycarelessusage.(拟人：personification) 4.Theleavesaretremblinginthecoldwind.(拟人：personification) 5.Thestormwassoangrythatitwantedtodestroyeverythinginitsway.(personification) 6.ManypeoplebowedbeforeForce,buteventuallyForcewouldsurrendertoReason. (Personification) 7.Selflesspeoplearelikecows,whicheatstrawbutproducemilk.(simile) 8.“whatdoyouthinkoftheroastduck?”“Notbad.”(Understatement) 9.Hisfriendspraisedhisdaughtersperformancestotheskies.(Overstatement) 10.Hiswritingisclearandclean.(Alliteration头韵) 11.Hisunfriendlytonguesurprisedher.(metonymy换喻) 12.ThereisfertilesoilforpopularmusicinChinatoday.(Metaphor) 三名词解释。 1.Narration（陈述）:Tonarrateistogiveanaountofaneventoraseriesofevents.Inits broadestsense,narrativewritingincludesstories,realorimaginary,biographies,histories,newsitems,andnarrativepoems. 2.Exposition(说明文):Anexpositorypaperexplainsorexploressomething,suchasthe processofmakingamachine,thecausesofanaturalorsocialphenomenon,theplanningofaproject,orthesolutionofaproblem. 3.Comparisonandcontrast:Aparisonexplainshowthingsaresimilar,andacontrast, howtheyaredifferent. 4.Divisionandclassification:Divisionisusedtodealwithonething.Itspurposeisto separatethatthingintoparts.Classification,ontheotherhand,isusedtoorganizethingswhichsharecertainqualities.Itspurposeistogroupthesethingssystematically. 四简答： 1.Threemainpartsofabookreport. Generallyspeaking,abookreportconsistsofthefollowingthreemainparts: ?Informationabouttheauthorandhistimes; ?Asummaryofthebook; ?Commentsonit. 2.Whilewritingourfirstdraft,howmanypointsshouldwepayourattentionto? 1)Usingyourownwords; 2)Usingpropertenses 3)Usingfactsandviews 4)Payingattentiontologicandorganization 5)Makingyourtoneobjectiveratherthanpersonal 6)Choosingtherightstyle. 五写作（任选一题） 1TheproblemsIhaveinstudyingEnglish. 范文一：Englishisoneoftherequiredcoursesinallcollegesanduniversitiesacrossthecountry.Unfortunately,IhaveseveralproblemsinmyEnglishstudy,whichmakemegraduallyloseconfidence.Foronething,IeasilyforgetthenewwordsthatIhavememoried.Foranother,Ialwaysmisunderstandthemeaningsofsomewords.also,IfeelnervorswheneverIspeakEnglishinclass. Ithinkthattherearereasonsexplainingmyproblems.ThemainreasoninthatIamforcedtostudyEnglishmarelyforexaminations.Besides,Ialwaysreadnewwordsoneafteranother,tryingtomemorisethemmechanically,whichmakesmefeelverydull. Inviewofallthatmentionedabove,Iwilltaketwomeasurestosolvemyproblems.Firstly,IwillstudyEnglishoutofinterest.Secondly,IwillpracticemyoralEnglishmoreanddomorereadingexercise.Inaword,IbelieveIcansolvemyproblemssuessfulwithsuchefforts.范文二：AlthoughIlikeenglishverymush,englishissodiffculttome.NowI amstudyingenglishatcollege.Therearesomeproblemsinmystudyingenglish.Goasthefollowing: First,Vocabularyisnotenough.WhenIwasreadingaartical,Icannotunderstandtheessay.BecauseIdonnotknowwhatismeanofsomewords. Secondly,Thegrammerisnotgood.Icannotinstratethesentenceverywell.Also,thesentence cannotbelinkedupbyme.So,Icouldnotwriteagoodartical. Third,Thelisteningisnotgoodtoo.WhenIwaslisteningastory.Icannotunderstandatall.Asforthegoodenglish,thereisstillalongdistanceformetocover!IwishIcould speakenglishverywell!So,fromnowon,Imustworkhard!Go! 范文三：StudyingEnglishisnotveryeasy.IhavemanyproblemsinStudyingit. First,spokenEnglishisthemostdifficultproblemforme.Iwasalsoafraidtospeakin class,becauseIthoughtmyclassmatesmightlaughatme. Secondly,listeningisanotherproblem.Englishisoursecondlanguage.itwasnteasyformetounderstandtheteacherwhenshetalked Thirdly,Iusuallymakemistakesingrammar Lastbutnotleast,Ifindtorememberthewordsisahardjob.BecauseChineseisdifferentfr