象棋3D.doc

中国象棋3D（1） 配置Java3D环境 本次实验我们组打算使用的编程语言是Java，但是Eclipse自带的函数库里不含Java3D所需的配置信息，所以需要我们自己配置3D环境，下面是我们组的添加方法。首先下载配置文件，包括j3dcore.jar，j3dutils.jar，vecmath.jar以及j3dcore-ogl-cg.dll，j3dcore-ogl-chk.dll，j3dcore-ogl.dll，j3dcore-d3d.dll然后将配置文件复制到Eclipse安装目录下的JDK/JRE/bin和DK/JRE/lib里当运行Java程序的时候按下面步骤添加jars文件1.点击工程鼠标右键-build path-configure build path2.add external jars3.选择相应的jar点击OK然后运行程序 （2） 代码编写在编写代码部分，我们组遇到了许多问题，因为是从未接触过的知识，所以在编程过程中经常报错，为了在规定时间内完成任务，我们组就现学现用，在网上下载相关的代码，结合Java_API手册一遍又一遍的反复读，手册上没有的类就上网查，遇到英文就用翻译软件翻译了来看，最后再一步又一步的解决编程过程中的一个个error首先介绍一点必备的Java3D相关知识Java3D的场景图结构：Java3D实际上是Java语言在三维图形领域的扩展，与Java一样，Java3D有纯粹的面向对象结构。Java3D的数据结构采用的是SceneGraphsStructure（场景图），就是一些具有方向性的不对称图形组成的树状结构（图1）。我们在一个Java3D应用程序看到的逼真三维场景从程序的角度看来，实际就是由Java3D定义的一系列的对象，这些对象不是杂乱无序，对象之间也不是毫无关系。如果想让三维图像正常显示，必须在这两点上遵循Java3D场景图的规定。观察图1，Java3D场景图的树结构由各种各样的对象组成：在图中出现的这些对象都实现了Java3D中有重要的意义的类，从逻辑上我们将它们分为三类：根节点（Root）：VirtualUniverseObject节点（Node）：LocalObject、BranchGroupNodes、BehaviorNode、Shape3DNode叶子节点（Leaf）：Appearance、Geomery.图1：在应用中的Java3D场景图场景图中线和线的交汇点称为节点（Node），这些节点都是Java3D类的实例（InstanceofClass），节点之间的线表示各个实例之间的关系。VirtualUniverse是根节点，每一个场景图的VirtualUniverse是唯一的。在VirtualUniverse下面是Locale节点，每个程序可以有一个或多个Locale，但同时只能有一个Locale处于显示状态，就好象一个三维世界非常大，有很多个景点，但我们同时只能在一个景点进行观察。Java3D允许从一个Locale跳到另一个Locale，不过绝大多数程序只有一个Locale。每一个Locale可以拥有多个BranchGroup节点。所有三维形体的其位置信息（TransformGroupNodes）都建立在BranchGroup节点之上。TransformGroupNode用来设定Shape3D在VirtualUniverse中的位置。Spape3DNode是三维图形节点，这个节点的实体放映在最后的显示画面中，就是三维世界中的每个形体。包括正方体、球体以及任何形状和外观的三维形体。位于场景图最下层的是两个叶子节点：三维体的外观（Appearance）和几何信息（Geometry），这两个节点定义了一个三维体的显示效果。ViewPlatform位于图1的另一个分枝上，与前面所有描述三维体的性质的概念不同，ViewPlatform和View都是用来定义观察者的信息。上面所列的概念很多，但是对于建立一个简单的Java3D程序，我们至少需要了解三个概念：虚拟宇宙（VirtualUniverse）、场景（Locale）、坐标系统。下面是一些相关代码的具体实现：1.制作象棋程序的窗体private ChessFram() setpanel = new SetPanel();canvasfactroy = new CanvasFactroy(SimpleUniverse.getPreferredConfiguration();this.setSize(660, 600);this.setResizable(false);this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);this.setTitle(中国象棋3D);this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);this.add(canvasfactroy.getCanvas3D(), BorderLayout.CENTER);this.add(setpanel, BorderLayout.EAST);比较简单，就不介绍了2.构建棋板public CanvasFactroy(GraphicsConfiguration config) canvas3d = new Canvas3D(config);bounding = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0, 0, 0), 1000);startabs = new AbsChess(炮, new Point(2, 3), Color.red);/开始节点信息endabs = new AbsChess( , new Point(3, 3), Color.red);/结束节点信息SimpleUniverse universe = new SimpleUniverse(canvas3d);/创造一个虚拟场景BranchGroup branchgroup = new BranchGroup();/创建一个组群transgroup = new TransformGroup();/定义摆放位置transgroup.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);transgroup.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ);transgroup.addChild(createBgAndLight();/添加背景色和光线transgroup.addChild(createChessboard();/添加棋板transgroup.addChild(createStartInfo();/添加开始信息transgroup.addChild(createEndInfo();/添加结束信息ArrayListChessPiece arr = new ArrayListChessPiece();/添加棋子for (AbsChess a : ChessConfig.ChessPieces) ChessPiece cp = new ChessPiece(a.getChessName(), a.getChessPoint(),a.getChessColor();arr.add(cp);transgroup.addChild(cp.getPieceGroup();pieceaction = new PieceAction(arr, startabs, endabs);branchgroup.addChild(transgroup);/将对象添加到组群里OrbitBehavior orbit = new OrbitBehavior(canvas3d,/定义对象能否通过鼠标选择OrbitBehavior.REVERSE_ALL | OrbitBehavior.STOP_ZOOM);orbit.setSchedulingBounds(bounding);ViewingPlatform viewingPlatform =universe.getViewingPlatform();/添加人物视角viewingPlatform.setNominalViewingTransform();viewingPlatform.setViewPlatformBehavior(orbit);universe.addBranchGraph(branchgroup);canvas3d.addMouseListener(this);canvas3d.addMouseMotionListener(this);3. 构造棋子public class AbsChess /定义一个棋子的数据结构，包括棋子名字，坐标，颜色public AbsChess(char chessName, Point chessPoint, Color chessColor) super();ChessName = chessName;ChessPoint = chessPoint;ChessColor = chessColor;public char getChessName() return ChessName;public void setChessName(char chessName) ChessName = chessName;public Point getChessPoint() return ChessPoint;public void setChessPoint(Point chessPoint) ChessPoint = chessPoint;public Color getChessColor() return ChessColor;public void setChessColor(Color chessColor) ChessColor = chessColor;private char ChessName;private Point ChessPoint;private Color ChessColor;4. 构造3D棋子public class ChessPiece extends AbsChess /类的继承public ChessPiece(char chessName, Point chessPoint, Color chessColor) super(chessName, chessPoint, chessColor);piecegroup = new TransformGroup();piecegroup.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE);piecegroup.setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_READ);Vector3f vec = ChessConfig.getLocalByPoint(this,ChessConfig.PieceBoardSize.z);TransformGroup cyligroup = new TransformGroup();/定义放置位置Transform3D cyliform1 = new Transform3D();cyliform1.rotX(Math.toRadians(-90);/cyliform1绕X轴旋转90度Transform3D cyliform2 = new Transform3D();cyliform2.setTranslation(vec);cyliform2.mul(cyliform1);cyligroup.setTransform(cyliform2);Cylinder cyli = new Cylinder(ChessConfig.PieceSize_R,/定义一个圆柱体ChessConfig.PieceSize_H, CanvasFactroy.getAppearance(new Color(182, 106, 82);cyligroup.addChild(cyli);piecegroup.addChild(cyligroup);float float1 = 0;TransformGroup textgroup = new TransformGroup();Transform3D textform1 = new Transform3D();if (getChessColor().equals(Color.white) float1 = 0.03f;textform1.rotZ(Math.toRadians(180);/绕Z轴旋转180度 else float1 = -0.03f;Transform3D textform2 = new Transform3D();textform2.set(0.09f);textform2.mul(textform1);Transform3D textform3 = new Transform3D();textform3.setTranslation(new Vector3f(vec.x, vec.y + float1,vec.z + 0.01f);textform3.mul(textform2);textgroup.setTransform(textform3);Text3D text = new Text3D(new Font3D(new Font(楷体, Font.PLAIN, 1),/定义一个3D的文本new FontExtrusion(), getChessName() + );text.setAlignment(Text3D.ALIGN_CENTER);Appearance app = CanvasFactroy.getAppearance(getChessColor();/定义形体外观Material mat = app.getMaterial();mat.setEmissiveColor(new Color3f(getChessColor();mat.setShininess(70f);app.setMaterial(mat);Shape3D shape = new Shape3D(text, app);/添加形体属性textgroup.addChild(shape);piecegroup.addChild(textgroup);public TransformGroup getPieceGroup() return piecegroup;private TransformGroup piecegroup;5. 配置棋子public class ChessConfig public static final Vector3f ChessboardSize = new Vector3f(0.75f, 0.95f,0.02f);public static final float PieceSize_R = 0.07f;public static final float PieceSize_H = 0.04f;public static final float Chessboard_X = 0.6f;public static final float Chessboard_Y = 0.77f;public static final Vector3f PieceBoardSize = new Vector3f(0.15f, 0.171f,0.05f);/定义一个数组类型来存放棋子信息public static final ArrayListAbsChess ChessPieces = new ArrayListAbsChess();static ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(俥, new Point(1, 1), Color.red);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(馬, new Point(2, 1), Color.red);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(相, new Point(3, 1), Color.red);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(仕, new Point(4, 1), Color.red);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(帥, new Point(5, 1), Color.red);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(仕, new Point(6, 1), Color.red);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(相, new Point(7, 1), Color.red);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(馬, new Point(8, 1), Color.red);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(俥, new Point(9, 1), Color.red);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(炮, new Point(2, 3), Color.red);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(炮, new Point(8, 3), Color.red);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(兵, new Point(1, 4), Color.red);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(兵, new Point(3, 4), Color.red);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(兵, new Point(5, 4), Color.red);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(兵, new Point(7, 4), Color.red);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(兵, new Point(9, 4), Color.red);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(車, new Point(1, 1), Color.white);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(马, new Point(2, 1), Color.white);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(象, new Point(3, 1), Color.white);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(士, new Point(4, 1), Color.white);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(将, new Point(5, 1), Color.white);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(士, new Point(6, 1), Color.white);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(象, new Point(7, 1), Color.white);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(马, new Point(8, 1), Color.white);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(車, new Point(9, 1), Color.white);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(砲, new Point(2, 3), Color.white);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(砲, new Point(8, 3), Color.white);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(卒, new Point(1, 4), Color.white);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(卒, new Point(3, 4), Color.white);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(卒, new Point(5, 4), Color.white);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(卒, new Point(7, 4), Color.white);ChessPieces.add(new AbsChess(卒, new Point(9, 4), Color.white);/根据棋子信息将棋子正确的分布在棋盘上，红色棋子在下，白色棋子在上public static Vector3f getLocalByPoint(AbsChess abs, float heiht) Vector3f vec = null;if (abs.getChessColor().equals(Color.red) vec = new Vector3f(float) (Chessboard_X - (abs.getChessPoint().x - 1)* PieceBoardSize.x), (float) (-Chessboard_Y - (-abs.getChessPoint().y + 1)* PieceBoardSize.y), heiht); else if (abs.getChessColor().equals(Color.white) vec = new Vector3f(float) (Chessboard_X - (abs.getChessPoint().x - 1)* PieceBoardSize.x), (float) (Chessboard_Y - (abs.getChessPoint().y - 1)* PieceBoardSize.y), heiht);return vec;6. 定义棋子规则public class PieceAction public PieceAction(ArrayListChessPiece Array, AbsChess startabs,AbsChess endabs) this.ChessPieceArray = Array;/棋子信息this.startabs = startabs;/开始信息this.endabs = endabs;/结束信息public Vector3f onMouseStart(Point3d Point3) /返回开始信息的鼠标位置Vector3f startvec = null;Point p1 = getPointByP3(Point3);for (final ChessPiece c : ChessPieceArray) if (c.getChessPoint().equals(p1) c.getChessColor().equals(startabs.getChessColor() startabs.setChessPoint(p1);startabs.setChessName(c.getChessName();startabs.setChessColor(c.getChessColor();startvec = new Vector3f(float) (ChessConfig.Chessboard_X - (p1.x - 1)* ChessConfig.PieceBoardSize.x),(float) (-ChessConfig.Chessboard_Y + (p1.y - 1)* ChessConfig.PieceBoardSize.y), 0.2f);break;return startvec;public Vector3f onMouseEnd(Point3d Point3) /返回鼠标点击结束的坐标位置Vector3f startvec = null;Point p1 = getPointByP3(Point3);endabs.setChessPoint(p1);AbsChess abs = getAbsChessByPoint(p1);if (abs = null) endabs.setChessName( );endabs.setChessColor(Color.green); else endabs.setChessName(abs.getChessName();endabs.setChessColor(abs.getChessColor();if (startabs.getChessColor().equals(endabs.getChessColor()| !checkCandoEnd() return null;startvec = new Vector3f(float) (ChessConfig.Chessboard_X - (p1.x - 1)* ChessConfig.PieceBoardSize.x),(float) (-ChessConfig.Chessboard_Y + (p1.y - 1)* ChessConfig.PieceBoardSize.y), 0.1f);return startvec;/定义各个棋子的行动规则private boolean checkCandoEnd() switch (startabs.getChessName() case 俥:return ju();case 馬:return ma();case 相:return xiang();case 仕:return shi();case 帥:return jiang();case 炮:return pao();case 兵:return bing();case 車:return ju();case 马:return ma();case 象:return xiang();case 士:return shi();case 将:return jiang();case 砲:return pao();case 卒:return bing();default:System.out.println(ERROR!);break;return false;private boolean bing() /兵只能向前走一步if (startabs.getChessPoint().y 5) if (endabs.getChessPoint().y = startabs.getChessPoint().y Math.abs(endabs.getChessPoint().x- startabs.getChessPoint().x) 2) else if (endabs.getChessPoint().x = startabs.getChessPoint().x) if (endabs.getChessPoint().y = startabs.getChessPoint().y + 1) return true;return false;private boolean pao() /炮只能直线移动或者各一个棋子却带对方棋子的位置if (startabs.getChessPoint().x = endabs.getChessPoint().x) int cont = getStartColEnd(startabs.getChessPoint().y, endabs.getChessPoint().y, startabs.getChessPoint().x);if (cont 3 cont != 1) return true; else if (startabs.getChessPoint().y = endabs.getChessPoint().y) int cont = getStartRowEnd(startabs.getChessPoint().x, endabs.getChessPoint().x, startabs.getChessPoint().y);if (cont 3 cont != 1) return true;return false;private boolean ju() /車只能直线走棋并且取代直线上离自己最近的棋子if (startabs.getChessPoint().x = endabs.getChessPoint().x) int cont = getStartColEnd(startabs.getChessPoint().y, endabs.getChessPoint().y, startabs.getChessPoint().x);if (cont = 0) return true; else if (startabs.getChessPoint().y = endabs.getChessPoint().y) int cont = getStartRowEnd(startabs.getChessPoint().x, endabs.getChessPoint().x, startabs.getChessPoint().y);if (cont = 0) return true;return false;private boolean ma() /马只能走日字if (Math.abs(endabs.getChessPoint().x - startabs.getChessPoint().x) = 1) if (endabs.getChessPoint().y - startabs.getChessPoint().y = 2) if (getAbsChessByPoint(new Point(startabs.getChessPoint().x,startabs.getChessPoint().y + 1) = null) return true; else if (endabs.getChessPoint().y - startabs.getChessPoint().y = -2) if (getAbsChessByPoint(new Point(startabs.getChessPoint().x,startabs.getChessPoint().y - 1) = null) return true; else if (Math.abs(endabs.getChessPoint().x- startabs.getChessPoint().x) = 2) if (endabs.getChessPoint().y - startabs.getChessPoint().y = 1) if (getAbsChessByPoint(new Point(startabs.getChessPoint().x + 1, startabs.getChessPoint().y) = null) return true; else if (endabs.getChessPoint().y - startabs.getChessPoint().y = -1) if (getAbsChessByPoint(new Point(startabs.getChessPoint().x - 1, startabs.getChessPoint().y) = null) return true;return false;private boolean xiang() /象走田if (endabs.getChessPoint().x - startabs.getChessPoint().x = 2) if (endabs.getChessPoint().y - startabs.getChessPoint().y = 2) if (getAbsChessByPoint(new Point(startabs.getChessPoint().x + 1, startabs.getChessPoint().y + 1) = null) return true; else if (endabs.getChessPoint().y - startabs.getChessPoint().y = -2) if (getAbsChessByPoint(new Point(startabs.getChessPoint().x + 1, startabs.getChessPoint().y - 1) = null) return true; else if (endabs.getChessPoint().x - startabs.getChessPoint().x = -2) if (endabs.getChessPoint().y - startabs.getChessPoint().y = 2) if (getAbsChessByPoint(new Point(startabs.getChessPoint().x - 1, startabs.getChessPoint().y + 1) = null) return true; else if (endabs.getChessPoint().y - startabs.getChessPoint().y = -2) if (getAbsChessByPoint(new Point(startabs.getChessPoint().x - 1, startabs.getChessPoint().y - 1) = null) return true;return false;private boolean shi() 士只能走斜角if (!(endabs.getChessPoint().x = 4 endabs.getChessPoint().x = 6 endabs.getChessPoint().y = 3) return false;if (Math.abs(endabs.getChessPoint().x - startabs.getChessPoint().x) = 1) if (Math.abs(endabs.getChessPoint().y - startabs.getChessPoint().y) = 1) return true;return false;private boolean jiang() /将只能直线走一步if (!(endabs.getChessPoint().x = 4 endabs.getChessPoint().x = 6 endabs.getChessPoint().y = 3) return false;if (Math.abs(endabs.getChessPoint().x - startabs.getChessPoint().x)+