高中高中英语必修4Unit3重点词语及短语解析教案.doc

Unit3 A taste of English humourWarming Up,Pre-reading,Reading重点词语及短语解析1. feel vt.（1) 触，摸： She felt the dogs nose. 他摸狗的鼻子。（2）感觉； 觉得 He began to feel uneasy. 他开始感到不安。How are you feeling today, Mrs. Brown? 布朗太太，你今天觉得怎么样？I dont feel like sleeping, 我不想睡。 2. be content with adj.对满意的，满足的，安心的Are you content with your present salary? 你对你目前的薪金满意吗？Are you content to go there alone?你愿意一个人去那儿吗？词语拓展（1）contents n. 内容，内部所有之物，目录Are you content with the contents of the novel?你对小说的内容满意吗？（2）content n. 不可数名词，满意的状态，满意He lives in peace and content.他生活于和平与满足之中。to ones hearts content 尽情地，心满意足On Sundays children play in the park to their hearts content.星期天孩子们在公园里尽情地玩耍。3. astonish vt.使惊讶；使惊骇；使惊愕We are astonished at his improvement. 他进步之快，令我们惊讶。 The barbarian customs of the villagers astonished us. 村民的野鸾习俗令我们吃惊。词语拓展astonishing adj.令人惊讶的；astonished adj. 感到惊讶的；astonishment n. 惊讶，惊骇。4. unfortunate 不幸的： She is an unfortunate woman. 她是个不幸的女人。词语拓展fortunate adj. 幸运的=luckyfortunately adv. 幸运地=luckily Fortunately for him, he has passed.对他来说幸运的是，他过关了。unfortunate adj. 不幸的,=unluckyunfortunately adv. 不幸地=unluckily5. worse （1）adj. 更坏的 She got worse last night. 她昨天的情况恶化了。 What is worse 更坏的是What was worse, it was getting cold. 更坏的是，天渐渐冷起来了。（2）adv. 更坏地，更恶劣地 It is raining worse than ever. 雨下更大了。词语拓展badly off 穷困的，潦倒的，是worse off 的原级；well off 是badly off的反义词。He is badly off while his brother is well off.他过着穷困潦倒的生活而他的哥哥过着富裕的生活。bad, badly 和 ill 的比较级都是worse；worse still = what is worse =to make matters worse更坏的是worsen v.t.使更糟糕be bad at sth.不擅长于He is bad at English.他不擅长英语。be bad for sth. 对有坏处Dont read in bed. It is bad for your eyes.不要躺在床上读书。那样对你的眼有害。be bad to sb.待某人不好Her stepmother is bad to her.她的继母虐待她。do badly in sth.在方面做得不好He did badly in the exam yesterday.昨天他考得不好。6. ordinary （1）adj. 普通的；正常的 He attended the party in ordinary dress. 他穿着便服去赴宴。 （2）中下等的；平凡的；平常的 an ordinary letter平信 7. bore v.t.使（某人）感到无聊、厌烦His stories bored me very much.他的事使我感到非常厌烦。词语拓展bore sb. to death使某人极度厌烦 boring adj. 无聊的，令人厌烦的 bored adj. 感到厌烦的，感到无聊的I am bored; lets go to the cinema.我闷了，咱们看电影去吧。 boredom n. 厌烦，无聊，厌倦 8. entertain vt.（1）使娱乐；助兴They gave a dance to entertain their guests. 他们跳了一个舞以娱嘉宾。 （2）招待 We entertained them for dinner. 我们招待他们吃晚餐。 词语拓展entertaining adj. 令人愉快的，有趣的an entertaining film 一部令人愉快的电影entertained adj. 感到愉快的entertainment 娱乐，款待；娱乐活动（常用复数） entertainer n.表演者，艺人9. throughout (1) prep.遍及；在全部 期间 Pauls songs are popular throughout the world. 保罗的歌在全世界都很受欢迎。（2）adv. 各地；全部 The house is well built throughout. 这整幢房子都建筑得很好。 自始至终： The soldier stood perfectly still throughout. 士兵自始至终站着不动。 10. failure n.（1）失败 His failure disappointed his father. 他的失败使他父亲失望。Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。 （2）衰败；减退 the failure of health 健康衰退词语拓展fail sth. =fail in sth. =fail to do sth.做某事失败了11. pick out (1)挑选出;拣出Let me pick out some good ones for you. 让我来替你挑几个好的。The best students have been picked out.最好的学生已挑选好了。(2)辨认出Its easy to pick him out in a crowd because he is very tall. 很容易从人群中辨认出他,因为他个子很高。 词语拓展pick vt.剔，挖；采摘She is picking her teeth.她在剔牙。 Dont pick the flowers in the garden.不要采摘花园里的花。pick up 捡起，接，便宜地得到The bus stopped and picked up many people.车停了，上来好多人。She picked up many goods in the market.她在市场里买了好多便宜货。12. cut off 切断，砍掉，剪下：Our water supply has been cut off.我们断水了。Be careful not to cut your finger off.小心别切断了手指头。词语拓展cut切，割，剪，砍The boy cut his finger while playing with his knife.你孩子玩刀子时划破了手指头。cut out剪裁，删掉She is cutting out a dress.她在剪裁一件连衣裙。You can cut out the unimportant details.你可以删除那些不重要的细节。cut down砍到，减少Please cut the trousers down.请把裤子改短。 He cut his article down to 1000 words.他把文章缩减到一千字。cut up 切碎Please cut the meat up before making dumplings.在包饺子之前先把肉切碎。cutinto把切成Cut the apple into halves, thirds, quarters.把苹果切成两半，三瓣，四瓣等。cut short She cut her hair short. 她把头发剪短了。cut in插话Dont cut in a word, please.请不要插话。a short cut 捷径13. convince使相信;说服 I am convinced of its truth. 我相信他的真实性。词语拓展convincing 使人相信的；说服人的convinced 感到相信的；被说服的14. direct 指导，指挥；监督；命令；书写；指向 The teacher directed the work of his students. 老师指导学生做作业。I would act rather than direct.我宁愿当演员而不愿当导演。词语拓展direct speech 直接引语indirect speech间接引语director导演，主任，董事长；direction 指导，说明书(常用复数)：He did the work under my direction.他在我的指导下做这件事。in the direction of朝着的方向He walked in the direction of me.他朝我走来。15. star in 在中担任主角 Liu Dehua starred in the film A world without thieves.刘德华在天下无贼中担任主角。词语拓展star sb. in 使某人在中担任主角: Zhang Yimou wanted to star Zhou Jielun in his new film. 张艺谋想让周杰伦在他的新电影中担任主角。star n. 恒星，星星，明星：There are many stars in the sky on a clear night. 在晴朗的夜空里有许多星星。Liu Xiaoqing is a famous film star.刘晓庆是一个著名的电影明星。a five-star hotel一家五星级宾馆16. outstanding adj.著名的；显著的： He is an outstanding scholar. 他是个著名的学者。词语拓展stand out突出，显眼His work stands out from the rest.他的工作比他人都好。stand by 袖手旁观，支持How could you stand by when he treated his dog badly?当他虐待他的狗时，你怎么能袖手旁观哪？I will stand by you whatever happens.无论如何，我都会支持你。stand for 代表，意指Our party stands for our people.我们的当代表着我们的人民。注意：作定语、状语时用现在分词。The party standing for its people will do good to its people.代表人民的党会为民众带来好处的。stand against 靠放着The desk stands against the wall.桌子靠墙放着。sand still站着不动When his classmates walked to the gate, he stood still.当他的同学朝门口走去的时候，他却站着一动不动。stand up站起来When the teacher came in, the students all stood up.当老师进来时，全体学生都站立起来。stand in line排队Everyone should stand in line when buying tickets. 买票时人人都应当排队。句子解析 1. He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives. 当人们沮丧时，他能使人们发笑；因此人们总能对生活感到满意。（1）made people laugh，laugh在句中作宾语补足语。小结：make一词不简单，四个宾补跟后边：名词和动原，形容词还有done。We all made Lilei monitor.我们都选李磊当班长。In the old society workers were made to work day and night.在旧社会工人被迫日夜劳作。We should try our best to make our country more and more beautiful.我们应尽最大努力使祖国变得越来越美。The teacher spoke louder in order to make himself heard.老师大声讲以使学生都听到。注意：当make 的宾补是动词原形时变成被动时要加to。（2）when they felt depressed，when引导的是时间状语从句；felt depressed是系表结构；depressed是形容词，意为“感到沮丧的”；词语拓展depress vt. 使沮丧，使忧愁Wet weather always depresses me.在阴雨天里我总是心灰意懒。depressing adj.令人沮丧的His marks are depressing.他的分数令人沮丧。depression n. the Great Depressioon（美国）经济大萧条（3）feel more content with their lives这也是一个系表结构。be content with sth.对某事感到满意be content to do sth.乐意去做某事2. As time went by, he began making films. 随着时间的流逝，他开始拍电影。（1）As time went by时间状语从句，译成“随着”，由as引导句子；若用with则只能引导介词短语，例如：With the development of technology, English is getting more and more important.随着科技的发展，英语变得越来越重要了。（2）began making films，begin to do sth.开始做某事（不讲以后做不做）, begin doing sth.开始做某事（以后一直做下去）3. They are so hungry that they try boiling a pair of leather shoes for their dinner.他们是如此的饥饿以至于试着煮皮鞋充饥。(1) so hungry that，so + adj / adv that如此以至于That child is so dear that all the people like him.那孩子是如此乖巧以至于大家都喜欢他。词语拓展so + adj / adv + that= adj / adv enough to do sth. He is so fast that he can catch the cat.= He is fast enough to catch the cat.他的速度是如此之快以至于能抓住那只猫。注意：so加形容词、副词放句首，句子必须倒着走；还有一点要记住，that句子跟后头。So hungry is he that he can eat six pieces of bread.他如此之饿以至于能吃六片面包。(2）try boiling a pair of leather shoes fortry doing sth. 试着做某事try to do sth. 尽力去做某事词语拓展常用的既可跟动名词又可跟不定式但含义不同的动词有：remember doing sth.记得做过某事，remember to do sth.记得要去做某事；forget doing sth.忘记做过某事，forget to do sth.忘记了去做某事； regret doing sth. 后悔做了某事，,regret to do sth. 后悔去做某事； stop doing sth. 停止做某事，stop to do sth.停止正在做的事去做另一件事；like doing sth. 喜欢做某事（表示解除性、习惯性的动作），like to do sth., 喜欢去做某事（表示一次性、具体性的动作）；want doing = want to be done = need doing = need to be done需要被做; want to do sth.想去做某事； need doing = need to done需要被做，need to do sth.需要去做某事； go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事，go on to do sth.（做完一件事后）继续做另一件事。The flowers are dying. They want / need watering.这些花快死了，需要浇水。He likes swimming but he doesnt like to swim with you today.他喜欢游泳但不喜欢今天跟你一块去游泳。Stop talking, please. Lets begin our class.不要说了，咱们开始上课。After finishing reading, he went on to do his homework.看完书后，他继续做作业。由两部分组成的东西常用复数形式，作主语时谓语动词用复数；量词是pair，当量词出现在主语中时，谓语动词的单复数与量词保持一致。常用的名词有：shoes鞋子, boots靴子, slippers拖鞋, sneakers胶底鞋, socks袜子, stockings长筒袜,jeans牛仔裤, pants裤子, shorts短裤, trousers裤子, eyes眼睛,ears耳朵,compasses圆规, chopsticks筷子, glasses眼镜。My glasses are broken. I will buy a new pair.我的眼镜烂了，我要买一副新的。注意：当由两部分组成的东西的名词再吃出现时用代词替代，但如果数词出现时则用pair替代，单数用pair，复数用pairs。Learning about Language重点词语及短语解析1. particular adj. 特别的，特殊的She took particular care not to overcook the meat.她特别小心不把肉烹调过火。词语拓展（1）be particular about / over 对特别讲究的、挑剔的She is very particular about what she wears.她对衣着很讲究。（2）in particular尤其，特别= particularlyThe whole meal was good but the wine is excellent in particular.整顿饭都很好，尤其是葡萄酒更好。（3）particularity n.2. occasion n.时刻、时候、场合、机会，前边常用on后边常接for 。This is not an occasion for laughter.这不是笑的时候。词语拓展occasional adj. 偶尔的，偶然的There will be occasional showers during the day.白天将偶有阵雨。occasionally adv.3. pretend v假装The time has come to stop pretending! 够了，别在装蒜了！She pretended (that) she was not at home when we rang the door bell.我们按门铃时她假装不在家。He pretended to be eating dumplings.他假装正在吃饺子。He pretended illness as an excuse.他假装有病以为借口。X k b 1 . c o m单元语法解析1. V-ing形式作表语V-ing形式包括动名词和现在分词，二者都可作表语。例如：Our job is playing all kinds of music.我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。（动名词）The music they are playing sounds so exciting.他们演奏的音乐是如此令人兴奋。（现在分词）注：一般来讲，动名词（短语）作表语，可和主语位置互换。如：Playing all kinds of music is our job.演奏各种音乐是我们的工作。但现在分词作表语，表明的是主语的性质特征，主语和表语位置不可互换。2. V-ing形式作定语V-ing形式作定语可以表示：（1）所修饰词的用途（动名词）a waiting room（= a room for waiting）候车室a walking stick（=a stick for walking）手杖（2）所修饰的词正在进行的动作，可以换成定语从句形式（现在分词）。a waiting man（=amanwhoiswaiting）正在等待的男人asleepingchild（=achildwhoissleeping）正在睡觉的孩子awalkingman（=amanwhoiswalking）正在散步的男人注意：V-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词，它们的形式相同，都可作定语，但两者之间是有差别的。现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰的词之间有一种逻辑上的主谓关系，即被修饰的词执行现在分词所表示的这个动作，相当于一个定语从句。而动名词作定语时，与被修饰的词之间没有这种关系，它仅表示一种用途，作“供作用”解，相当于一个for的介词短语。3. V-ing形式作宾语补足语V-ing形式作宾语补足语，主要用在某些动词:see,hear,notice,watch,keep,find,get,have,feel等后，与一个名词（或代词）构成复合宾语。这时V-ing形式和句子的宾语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，并且V-ing形式表示宾语正在进行的动作。例如：（1）Hesawagirlgettingonthetractor.（=Hesawagirlandshewasgettingonthetractor.）他看见一个女孩正往拖拉机上爬。（2）Doyouhearsomeoneknockingatthedoor?有人敲门，你听见了吗？巧记：情感动词很出奇，“令人的”用ing。情感后的声情言和动，常用ed分词来作定。新 课 标第 一 网妙解：情感动词please 使高兴，satisfy令人满意，worry , excite , interest , astonish使惊奇，surprise, delight使高兴，depress使忧愁、使沮丧； disappoint 使失望，discourage使泄气，embarrass 使尴尬，encourage 鼓励，frustrate使沮丧； tire 使讨厌、使劳累，frighten 使恐怖，threaten威胁，move 使感动，touch使感动，inspire鼓舞，puzzle使迷惑，shock使震惊，scare（恐吓）,stress使紧张、使有压力等，它们的分词都变成了形容词，可作表语、定语、补语，现在分词常译成“令人的”但有三个较特殊即pleasing, satisfying，scaring一般不用，因为它们本身有形容词pleasant, satisfactory, scary；某种情感产生后所发出的声音、所说的话、所发出的动作、脸上的表情都用过去分词作定语。典例：After seeing the moving film , she was greatly moved to tears .看了那部动人的电影后，她被感动得流下了热泪。She was greatly frightened after hea