【初中英语】School-life教案8-译林牛津版1.doc

Period : Grammar&Integrated skills （第三课时）第一部分 教案设计教学内容Grammar（第2324页）板块呈现了一种难度大但又非常重要的语法现象：方式副词和副同的比较级及最高级。Integrated skills（第2526页）板块主要是培养学生“听”、“说”、“读”、“写”的综合技能。教材分析Grammar这部分语法主要要求学生识别方式副词，掌握副词的比较级和最高级的变化规则,进而学会运用副词的比较级和最高级。Integrated skills 训练并提高学生通过听材料而获取倍息的能力以及运用听取的信息来完成短文的能力，在此基础上实现自由运用所学关于各种学校生活的词汇和口头会话的重要句式及编写对话的能力。教学目标基础知识掌握词汇：least,further/farther, furthest/farthest, spend, chess词组：armong the three of us，come first/second/third in the race, any other of my classmates, all my other classmates， the other students，run fast, any other student, number of students, have . weeks off,another half an hour, at most，do morning exercises, spend time on/doing sth, play chess，do some reading句型：Millie has more tomatoes than Daniel.Millie has less rice than Daniel.Millie has fewer bananas than Kitty.Kitty has the most eggs.Daniel has the fewest tomatoes.Millie has the least juice.She ran faster than Millie.Amy came first in the race. She ran the fastest.Sunshine Middle School has the most teachers and students of the three.Chinese students have fewer weeks off for the summer holiday than British students.British students spend less time doing homework than Chinese students.Among the three schools, American students spend the least time on homework.They work the hardest.I have only half an hour for my hobbies at most.基本技能： 1 运用more . than、fewer. than和less . than比较数量。2运用the most比较三个或三个以上的事物，表示数量最多；运用the fewest和theleast比较三个或三个以上的事物，表示数量最少。 3听取细节，提炼信息，了解更多有关中外学校生活的异同点。综合素质：1.能掌握副词比较级和最高级的构成并正确运用副词比较级和最高级。 2. 能使用相关话题进行口语交际。教学重难点及突破重点：掌握基本的四会单词、词组及句型。难点：正确运用副词比较级和最高级。教学突破： 通过教师的讲解，开展多种形式的活动，帮助学生自己总结知识，应用知识。教学准备教师准备：多媒体课件。 学生准备：可供数量比较的实物或图片。教学设计Step I Presentation（呈现）1.Help the students focus on the subjects and the after-school activities by asking some questions:(1) What subjects does John/Nancy have at his school?(2) What did they do during their free time?2利用实物或教学图片先让学生自由对话比较两样东西的数量，可以先给出示例，如： I have one apple. He has two apples. He has more apples than me. I have fewer apples than him.板书 more . than和fewer .than。让学生拿出身边有的实物操练可数名词的数量比较。接着，教师呈现图片，图中Simon和Sandy各拿一杯橙汁，与学生开展一些问答。3板书less . than,教师利用课件呈现一个表格，表格中含有Simon和Sandy的牛奶、鱼、咖啡等物品，让学生模仿运用上述句型进行对话操练。4让学生仔细观察例句并得出结论：We use morethan and fewer .than to talk about countable nouns. We use more . than and less . than to talk about uncountable nouns.5呈现课本第23页的图片，先用more . than、fewer . than、less . than进行两者之间数量的比较，教师可示范：Millie has more tomatoes than Daniel. 鼓励学生尽可能多说几个句子。并以同样的方式引出 the most和the least,板书the most、the fewest和the least。根据图片内容，让学生小组内自由操练：Who has the most/the fewest/ the least ？6鼓励学生得出以下结论：We use the most and the fewest to talk about countable nouns. We use the most and the least to talk about uncountable nouns.7和学生一起总结比较数量时形容词比较级和最高级的构成- manymorethe most muchmorethe most few一fewer一the fewest littlelessthe leastStep II Practice（操练）1学生完成A1 部分，先让学生用more . than、less . than、fewer . than、the most, the fewest、the least口头操练表格内容，再按要求完成句子，并让学生朗读。2鼓励学生Free talk自己的学校生活，如：How many subjects do you have? How many clubs are you in? How much free time do you have every day? 指导学生造句：Make sentences to compare your school life with Nancys, Johns and Daniels.B Comparative and superlative adverbs Step I Presentation（呈现）1呈现课本第24页上方的图片，与学生问答的同时以文字的形式呈现:Millie ran fast.Sandy ran faster.Amy ran the fastest.2标注出副词比较级和最高级的变化，引导学生找出规律：副词比较级、最高级的构成方法和形容词比较级、最高级的构成方法一致。(1)大多数单音节的副词后加-er/-esthardharderhardesthighhigherhighest(2)两个或两个以上音节的副词，应在前面加more/most quicklymore quicklymost quickly carefullymore carefullymost carefully(3)一些不规则副词的变化wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstfar一further/farther_furthest/farthestStep II Practice(操练)1学生小组内练习，根据身边人的做事方式，使用副词比较级和最高级进行口头操练。教示范：I get up early in the morning. My father gets up earlier than me. My mother gets up the earliest. 2指导学生完成课本第24页的练习，自我朗读核对完成的句子。 3完成随堂练习。Integrated skills(学习Integrated skills)Step I Review(复习)Free talk帮助学生复习重点信息。Step II Listening(听力)1浏览A1部分的表格，了解需要完成的相关信息。 2让学生先听一遍录音，完成表格的第一栏，并核对答案。3 师说：Sandy is helping Daniel collect information about other schools on the Internet. Listen to their conversation and complete the rest of the table.Step III Practice(操练)1根据A1部分的表格内容，组织学生分组练习，对三所学校进行比较，师说： Can you make a dialogue with your classmate to compare these three schools? 教师通过提问给出示范。引导学生运用more/fewer/ls . than. the most/fewest/least来比较事物。 2做A3部分的练习前，先让学生看一遍Daniel的文章，检査他们是否理解义章大意。让学生用A1部分的信息独立完成填空练习，然后再与同伴讨论答案。全班核对后朗读完整的短文。3教师呈现一些问题，检查学生是否还记得Daniel、John和Nancy的情况：让学生根据A1和A3的信息，完成A4部分的练习。B Speak up: Simon spends the most time on his hobbies.Step I Present “Speak up”(新授Speak up)1 Free talk :do you have any hobbies? What are they? When do you usually do your hobbies? How much time do you spend on your hobbies every day?2创设情境，呈现新知识。Hobbies are good for us. Theyre fun. But we cant spend too much time on our hobbies. We have to do our homework. Sometimes we have to help our parents do some housework, so we can only spend one or two hours a day for our hobbies at most.板书at most,让学生理解其含义，同时可以补充at least。Step II Listening(听力)1介绍对话背景：The Class 1, Grade 8 students are talking about the time they spend on their hobbies. Please listen to their conversation and find out the answers to these questions:How much time does Daniel spend on his hobbies every day?What about Simon/Amy/Millie?2学生带着问题听录音并找出答案：Daniel spends one hour a day on his hobbies. Millie has only half an hour for her hobbies every day. Simon has two hours for sports. Amy goes swimming for about half an hour every day.3再听一遍录音，并两人一组问答-(1)Who spends more/less time on his/her hobbies?(2)Who spends the most/least time on his/her hobbies?Step III Practice(操练)1跟录音朗读对话,Now repeat the conversation after the tape sentence by sentence.如需要可多跟读几遍。 2小组内分角色朗读对话。Step IV Act out(表演)1鼓励学生模仿课本上的对话，讨论并发挥想像编写一段新的对话，ts your turn now. Please work in groups of four and talk about the time you spend on your hobbies.2通过等级得分等方式，选择不同层次的学生上台展示。教材习题教材第23页 Part A 1 more; fewer; mos 2more; fewer; fewest 3 less; more; least; most教材第24页 Part B 1 well; better; the best 2 high; higher; the highest3 fast; faster; the fastest 4 quickly; more quickly; the most quickly教材第25页Part A1 Sunshine Middle SchoolWoodland SchoolRocky Mountain High SchoolNumber of students1,3093081,215Number of teachers906685How long is the summer holiday?8 weeks6 weeks12 weeksHow much time do students spend on homework every day?3 hours2 hours1 hourDo students wear uniforms?yes/noDo students do morning exercises?yes/noPart A3 1 fewer2 fewer3 the most 4 more 5 less 6 the least 7 the longest 8 the most 9 the hardest教材第26页Part A4 1 Nancy 2 John 3 John 4 Daniel 5 Nancy随堂小练习根据句意和所给单词填空1. Please practice as _(much) as you can.2. The teacher told us light _ (travel) faster than sound.3. We hope he _(win) the first prize again in the 2016 Olympic Games.4. Wendy spends 6 hours _(practice) _ (play) table tennis every day.5. It rained heavily this morning, so my father_ _(drive) me to school6. -Does he have any h_ ? - Yes, of course. Jay Zhou is.7. Do you know what the short form(形式) for a_ is? Its ad.8. If you want to keep _ (健康)，you need to exercise every day.Keys:1. much 2.travels 3.will win 4.practicing; playing 5.drove 6.hero 7.advertisement 8.healthyStep V Homework(家庭作业)1复习本课出现的语法内容。 2记忆本课时所学的词汇、词组和句型。 3背诵B部分的对话。 板书设计 Unit 2 School lifeGrammar&Integrated skillsWords：least,further/farther, furthest/farthest, spend, chessPhrases：armong the three of us,come first/second/third in the race, any other of my classmates, all my other classmates, the other students，run fast, any other student, number of students, have . weeks off,another half an hour, at most，do morning exercises, spend time on/doing sth, play chess,do some readingSentences：Millie has more tomatoes than Daniel.Millie has less rice than Daniel.Millie has fewer bananas than Kitty.Kitty has the most eggs.Daniel has the fewest tomatoes.教学探讨与反思： 本节课是语法教学,采用任务型教学法,由于在具体的情境中进行 ,因此学生对语法学习产生了很大兴趣，也更加容易接受和理解，当然还要采用更多精准的练习来帮助学生学以致用。精心设计听力教学的各个环节，在学习重要语法、词汇的基础上，让学生有准备地积极地参与听力活动中去,激发学生听的动力和完成听力材料的欲望，进而有效地开展围绕“听”“说”进行的的各项活动。第二部分 讲解分析一、 新词的导学与解读1. problem【用法】 n.问题;难题;引起麻烦的人【举例】This is a difficult problem. 这是一个难题。She was thinking about a math problem. 她正在思考一道数学题。【拓展】difficult problem难题;难问题; no problem没问题math problem 数学题 ; solve the problem 解决问题【举例】一Can you repair the bike?你能修好这个自行车吗？ 一No problem。没问题。Wed better solve the problem from the root .要解决问题，最好从它的根源处着手。 【辨析】problem和question两个词的区别：这两个词虽然都译作“问题”，但两者有一定的区别。problem指须待解决的问题，是就困难而言的;question指须待解答的问题，是就疑问而言的。【举例】What s your question? Can you answer it?你的问题是什么？你能自己回答吗？Whats your problem? Can I help you?你的问题(困难)是什么？我能帮助解决吗？【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子1.这个问题太难了，我小女儿无法解答。The _is too difficult, my little daughter couldnt answer it.2.她不能谋得那份工作的主要问题是她是女人。She couldnt get the job, the main_is that she is a woman.【点译】1. question 2. problem 2. polite【用法】adj.有礼貌的；客气的;优雅的 【举例】He is very polite to everyone. 他对每个人很客气。Its polite to give your seat to an old man on the bus.在公共汽车上把座位让给老人是个有礼貌的行为。It is not polite to cut in when someone is talking.在别人讲话时插嘴是不礼貌的。【拓展】be polite to对有礼貌polite notice有礼貌的告示；温装提示polite greeting礼貌问候语impolite adj.没礼貌的；不文雅的【举例】We should be polite to our parents.我们应该对我们的父母有礼貌。Its impolite to speak loudly in public.在公共场合大声说话是不礼貌的。【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子你为什么这样无礼？Why should you be _?【点译】so impolite3. number【用法】n. 数字；数目【举例】Do you know what this number is? 这个数字是什么？Can you tell me your phone number? 您能告诉我你的电话号码吗？【拓展】the number of意为“的数目”,谓语动词用单数。a number of意为“许多；大量”,谓语动词用复数。【举例】The number of the students in our class is forty- eight.我班同学的数目是48。A number of students in our class are from the city. 我们班的一些学生是从城市来的。【实践】单项选择一What_ the number of your story books?一About twenty.A. are B. doesC. is D. do【点译】C 4. wear【用法】v. 穿着；用旧；耗损【举例】He was wearing a white uniform. 他当时穿着白色的制服。She wore her hair in a long braid. 她梳着一根长辫子。【辨析】dress, wear, put on, have on,这几个词都可表示“穿”， 区别如下：dress要接“人”作宾语(不接“衣”作宾语），而其余的则要接“衣”作宾语(而不接“人”作宾语），dress既可指动作也可以指状 态。wear和have on通常指穿着衣服的状态，put on通常指穿衣 的动作，wear和have on虽然都可表示穿衣的状态，但wear可用于进行时态和被动语态，而have on却既不可用于进行时态也不可用于被动语态。wear除可表示穿衣外，还可表示戴表（花、纪 念章等）以屋而dress，put on 般不这样用。 【举例】She wore (had on)a new dress.她穿着一件新衣服。 Put on your clothes quickly.赶快穿上衣服。 【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子他今天穿着一件新夹克。He is_ a new jacket today.【点译】wearing二、课文要点及语法详解1. Millie has more tomatoes than Daniel.米莉比丹尼尔的西红柿多。【解析】本句中的more than.意思是“比更多”，属于含有副词比较级的句式。【举例】June runs much faster than Mary. 简比玛利跑得快得多。This red train runs much faster than that green one. 这辆红色的火车比那辆绿色的跑得快。She drives more carefully than her husband. 她开车比她丈夫认真得多。 【拓展】1.副词比较级的几种表达形式-原级表达法：甲+实意动词+(倍数）+as+副词原级+as +乙，表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”。原级否定表达法：甲+助动词+not +动词原形+ aS/so+ 副同原级+as+乙“甲不如乙”。带有than的表达法：甲+实意动词+(倍数) +副词比较 级+ than+乙，表示“甲比乙”或“甲比乙几倍”；带有than和范围的表达法：甲+实意动词+副词比较级 + than + any other+单数名词(+介词短语），表示“平比同一范围的任何一个人/物都”,含义是“甲最”。特殊疑问词表达法：特殊疑问词+ be+形容词比较级，甲 or乙。【举例】I run as fast as Mike.我和迈克跑得一样快。He runs two times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快两倍。Who draws better .Jenny or Tom?谁画得比较好,詹妮还是汤姆？2.另外还有两种同一人或物自身的比较或变化。比较级+and十比较级，表示“越来越”。the+比较级,the+比较级，表示“越，越”。 【举例】My little brother does his homework more and more carefully. 我的小弟弟做作业越来越认真了。【实践】单项选择Jack didnt do very_ in the final exam, but his scores are_ tan last years.A. good ;betterB. bad ;worseC. well; worse D. well;better【点译】D2. Millie writes the most quickly of us all.米莉是我们当中写的最快的一位。【解析】本句中的the most quickly of.，意思是“当中最快的”,它是副词最高级的一种表达形式。【举例】Of the four of us. I sang (the) best.我们四人中我唱的最好。Of these sports, 1 like swimming most ？这些运动中我最喜欢游泳。He went (the) farthest of the explorers.这些探险家中他走的最远。【拓展】副词最高级的表达形式-介词短语表范围：主语+实意动词+(the) +副词最高级 +单数名词+ in/of/ among等短语,表示“是中最 的”。特殊疑问词表达法：特殊疑问词+do / does+主语+谓语 + the+副词最高级+甲，乙,or丙，用于三者以上的比较。【举例】Tom jumps (the)farthest in my class. 汤姆是我们班跳得最远的。Which season do you like (the)best, spring, summer or autumn?你最喜欢哪一个季节，春天、夏天还是秋天？ 【实践】单项选择She was very happy. She ran_ of all the runners.A. fastest B. the quickest C. slowest D. quickly【点译】A3. Chinese students have more weeks off in the summertime than British students.中国学生比英国学生暑期多几周的时间。【解析】本句中have.off意为“放假”，通常把时间放在 have和off之间。【举例】Most students have 3 weeks off in winter in China. 在中国大多数学生在冬季都有三个星期的假期。Today is the first weekend I have off this summer. 今天是我暑假的第一个周末。【拓展】have.off中的off为介词时,意为“从脱落”，作 副词时，意为“距离；离开”。短语:take off脱下(衣服、帽子等），put off推迟；延期 take/hav&.off休息；不工作；放假 give sb. .off准某人的假【举例】Suddenly he fell off the tree. 突然他从树上掉了下来。The library is about five miles off. 图书馆离这里大约有五英里。【实践】根据汉语意思完成句子校长准了他三天假照顾他生病的儿子。The headmaster gave him_so that he could_ his sick son.【点译】 three days off; look after4. I spend less time doing homework than Nancy.我做作业的时间要比南希的少。【解析】本句中有spend .doing sth.这个句式，意思是“花时间或金钱做某事”，其中的doing sth.为动名词短语。【举例】They spend time doing different sports. 他们把时间花在做不同的运动上。What do you usually spend time doing at the weekend ?在周末你会花时间去什么事情呢？【拓展】spenddoing sth.本来是 spend .(in)doing sth.省略了介词in。还可以spend.on sth. “在上花时间或金钱。spend的过去式和过去分词是spent。【举例】He wants to spend more on study. 他想要增加学习上的支出。【实践】单项选择I usually_ a lot of time_English.A. take; to read B. spend;to readC. take ;readingD. spend ; reading【点译】D。句意:我通常花很多时间读英语。take作谓语时，主 语为it或物，因而排除A，C，而spend后跟doing，因而选D。三、中考在线:【例题】1.(2013 .株洲）Who runs_，Lily or Michelle?A. slowB. slower C. slowestD. slowing【解析】B。本题考查副词的比较级。根据句意“谁跑得更慢，莉莉还是米歇尔？”可知，两者之间比较用副词的比较级。【例题】2. (2013 .泸州）No one can sing_ than her.A. well B. good C. better D. best【解析】C。本题考查副词的比较级。根据空后的than可知这里要用比较级，而 well的比较级是better。【例题】3. (2013 .威海）The number of the students in our school is_ than_.A. much larger; that of No. 8 Middle SchoolB. more larger;that of No. 8 Middle SchoolC. much greater; No. 8 Middle SchoolD. more large;No. 8 Middle School【解析】A 。表示数量多少应用large和small，large的比较级为larger,比较级前可以 用much来修饰，在比较结构中，为了避免重复，常用that替代前面提到的单数名词。【例题】4. (2013 .十堰）Here is the book. First_ it and then tell me what youthink of itA. look intoB. look through C. look up D. look after【解析】B。本题考查短语辨析。look into调查；look through浏览；look up向上看；look after照顾。后句句意：首先浏览一下这本书，然后告诉我你的看法。 第三部分 习题设计Grammar&Integrated skills 一、根据句意和提示完成单词1.Students in China should wear_ (制服)on weekdays2. The _ (long) of summer holiday is nearly two months in China.3. Red is _(popular) than black, right.?4. Lily is very thin and weak. She eats th