多功能护理床的设备设计和功能分析英文翻译中英文.doc

Mechanism Design and Simulation Analysis of Multifunctional Nursing Bed Abstract-This research develops a new multifunctional nursing bed that can realize the movements of turning left and right sides and defecating on the bed for clinical use. And use the ADAMS to analysis the effects to the motor torque from the force on the rotated board, friction of contact pair and space positionBy analysis of dynamic on the model of the main mechanism can get the curves and the influences of torque, which plays an important guiding role in selecting appropriate motor and installation structure Keywords- nursing bed、 ADAMS、 dynamic analysisIINTRODUCTION Nursing beds as parts of medical equipments are necessary for hospital care, and has been widely used in hospitals, nursing homes, retirement homes and many other fields. However, the prices of good quality nursing beds are expensive, the new study can reduce the cost and the difficult of care, for example, to the patients resting on the bed for a long time, their turning over and lifting back required nurses have sufficient physical strengthCommon beds just have head up, leg flexion and extension functions, this bed adds the function as rolling around, defecating on the bed and so on as needed 1II MECHANISMDESIGN The nursing bed can be divided into four parts by the structure and function as: bed body, control cabinet, a framework for activities, removable bed pan. Block diagram as in Fig1 In the control cubicle, the installment has the master control board, the motor-driven board, the transformer, the switching power supply and so onThe control cubicle connects with the nursing bed by the connection. Except the fixed mechanism, the bed body also includes the drive motor and the vane organizationThe active frame installment has the wheels, which may be separated from the nursing bedIn the frame there are the water tank, stool which can rise and fall and the hot air blowerThe transportable bed pan also installs wheels and can insert into the active frameIn addition, the control system also includes the wire operators, the LCD and so onIn the system there are six DC motors which complete the actions of rising and falling of the head, the flexion of the leg, rolling around of the left and right, opening and closing of the vane and rising and falling of the stool and so onABed Function The bed activity functions including the rising and falling of the head, the flexion of the leg and the bed body turn sides which satisfied patients active request basically, favors the patients to improve their blood circulation and prevents the bedsoreThis nursing bed has designed the flexion of the leg conforms to human bodys movement characteristic. The bed body side turns may divide into three movements: the left side to turn, the right side to turn and the even sideFig. 2,Fig. 3,Fig. 4 is the bed bodys three movements.BNursing Function The defecation function is rare in other electric nursing bed which suits the paralysis patient especiallyIn the middle of the bed body there is a rectangular opening, where can only seen two vanes in the normal conditionWhen defecating, the vane turns down to makes a breach, then the defecation device rise. After the defecation completed, the vane upturns continues to fill the gap. The defecation device is composed of the active frame and the motion bed pan which can inserts into the frame, and the entire frame can coordinate to load the bed body. The nursing bed can also provide the functions of spraying water and dryingIn the active frame installed the water tank, the hot air blower and the solenoid valve. The water tank has a water pump, heater, the temperature sensor and the water level sensorIt can be realized that the water temperature establishment, the water temperature maintains and the water tank volume automatic increase and so on under the controllers control The patient who is sick bed in long-term is the major recipients of this nursing bed. Before defecate, press the key stool raise on the remote control, two vanes open, and then the stool raise, plate of the stool erects automatically, and so as to the bed pan. The patient can defecate after these movements completedAfter the defecation completes, press corresponding key, carries on the flushing first, then uses hot blast drying, which has manifested the human nursing function. The water for flushing is preserved in the tank, and use heating wire to maintain the temperature. Its needed to gather and process of the temperature in order to realize the control of it, the gather can completed by the sensor, the process and control can completed by the monolithic integrated circuitAs a result of the patients defecate time is uncertainty, and requests maintains the temperature constant, for the aim of providing appropriate temperature momentarilyIII. SYSTEM MODELINGAModeling Nursing bed is a very complex structure, which can divided into the mechanical component of the bed body, the active frame, the transportable bed pan, the electronic control system and the motor driven system by the structure and the functionFig. 5 is the geometric modeling graph of the vane 2.BContact Pairs Processing Fig. 6 is the geometric modeling graph of the vane lever and actuating armThe axis of one of the vane lever end fixed with the vane, the other end has a curve groove. Both sides of the vane actuating arm are round axes, whose axle centers are parallel. One axis is linked with the motor and fixed, the other coordinated with the curve groove to form a contact. The motor caused the actuating arm to reverse, which can realize opening and closing of the vaneIV SIMULATIONANALYSIS The purpose of dynamics simulation of the vane is to analysis the influence to the torque in the different condition, and guide to improve the design and select the appropriate drive motor 3 AInfluence to Torque from Action The sizes of the left and right vanes are not equal, but the motors are same. Select the right one which has a greater area and force to analysis 4Select the action point in middle of the two vanes, and the arm of the force is 15 cm. The fiction coefficient of the steel is 1.2 to 1.4, and 0.02 to 0.05 after lubricated, takes the fiction coefficient of 0.05. The curves are not smooth seen from Fig.7 and Fig.8, as the high frequency component coupling to them analyzed mathematically, which were considered to be vibration in actual. It is also discovered that the vane has a phenomenon of vibration, which meet with the simulated data when testing. The vibration has a relation to the stress, nature of material, rigidity of material, osculating curve of rigid body, fiction coefficient and so onIt is inferred from the simulation analysis that the bigger stress the smaller vibration. Make sure the contact surfaces are smooth when design the curve groove of the vane lever to reduces the nonessential vibrationFig.9 is the angular velocity when the stress is 500N, the vibration situation can be observed obviously 5. The actual action to the vane from the patient is not constant but increases gradually when the vane turns to the level position nearbySo that, select the larger motor torque as far as possible to prevent overloading BInfluence to Torque from Friction Coefficient There are three kinds of restraints altogether in the vane simulation: fixed restraint, hinge restraint and contact restraint. The fixed restraint cannot cause the fiction force, but the hinge restraint and the contact restraint canThe hinge to the hinge restraint can be processed as sliding bearingThe fiction coefficient of sliding bearing is small. The dynamic fiction coefficient of sliding bearings is 3.0 x and the static fiction coefficient is 4 .0 x Although the contact restraint is also a kind of sliding fiction, but it cannot simply processed as sliding bearing, because the contact is complex, and the stress is also big. Fig10 represents the contact force when lever axis and curve groove of actuating arm have a stress of 500N, where the biggest can reach 1800N. Fig11 and Fig12 respectively represent the torque chart in the fiction coefficient of 0.07 and 0.31, and the stress of 500N. Compared with Fig. 11 and Fig. 12, it cannot obviously see the changes of the torque, so as the curve. The biggest diversity is that the vibration reduces when fiction coefficient is 0.31The fiction coefficienthas not caused the biggest moment of force change obviously, only has a tendency of enlargement, after the process of filter smooth correlative value 6C Influence to Torque from Space Position When design the vane, not only consider the actual installment space and the request size, but also need to pay attention to the relations in the space position between the revolution axis of the vane lever and the revolution axis of the actuating armBecause their positions are not only relating whether the vane can operation normally, but also affects the biggest driving force. Use the coordinates system as Fig. 13 when establish the coordinateFig14, Fig. 15 and Fig. 16 are the changing graph of biggest torque in different space position 7. And the stress is 500N, fiction coefficient is 0.03 Comparing the data in the different condition may see that the time and the biggest torque have changed remarkablyAnd the movement time is the smallest in condition 3, so as the force momentIn the condition 2, the lever arm separated from the drive shaft in the moving processionWhen actually determine the data, should consider about the motor of torque, size and structure and so on, the best effort may not be the most suitable 8 Through the analysis of dynamics simulation to the vane that: 1 The motor driven torque is smallIn the process of simulation analysis, exerted 500N force to the vane and calculates the biggest torque of the motor is 25Nm, but actually the torque is 18Nm, therefore present the phenomenon of the vane asthenia when raisingHere takes 500N force, it is only the average action size in the normal conditionWhen actual use, possibly bigger than 500 N, so that it must be considered that the motor should have a sufficient remainder actuation torque to satisfy the request under the dissimilar condition 2 The influence of the friction coefficient is not big to the torqueUnder the condition of constant action, its indicated that the friction coefficient has a very small influence to the torque, through takes different friction coefficient to calculate the biggest torque 3 The space position of the rotation axis has a bigger influence to the torque, the condition 1 and 3 have a difference of 10Nm, and the movement time also changingVCONCLUSION Discussed the influence factors include the driving torque action, fiction coefficient, space position and so on by the dynamics and the kinematics analysis to the vane of the nursing bed, which improved the theory basis to the design of the structure, and provided the science basis to the performance evaluation analysis of the bedThis bed may also increase the network communication function to the system, which will cause it to be able to transmit the information automatically to the superior machine, and realizing the long-distance patient care monitor. 多功能护理床的设备设计和功能分析 摘要?本课题设计了一种新型的多功能护理床,它可以应用于临床实现左右移动和在床上排便。利用ADAMS分析了旋转板压力、接触副的摩擦、空间位置对电机转矩的影响,通过对主要机构的动态模型分析得出扭矩曲线和对扭矩的影响,这些分析在选择适当电机和安装结构起重要作用。 关键词?护理床、ADAMS、动态分析介绍 护理床作为医疗设备的一种,是必备的医院设备,已经广泛应用于医院、疗养院、养老院等其他领域,然而,质量好的护理床的价格非常昂贵,这项新研究可以降低护理的成本和难度。例如,病人在床上躺了很久,他们翻身必须要有体力足够的护士。普通的床只有抬起、弯曲、扩展开的功能,这种床新增了翻转、在床上排便等其他功能。机构设计 护理床的结构和功能可以分四个部分:床体、控制柜、一个活动框架、可拆卸的便盆。示意图如图1. 在操纵室安装有主控板,电动控制板、变压器,电源开关等,操纵室与护理床通过连接杆连接,除了固定的机构,还包括驱动电机和翼板结构、活动框架装有轮子,他们可以与护理床分开。在框架结构上有水槽、可以升降的便盆和热风机。这种便携式便盆也可以安装轮子,还可以插到活动框架上,此外,控制系统还包括电路控制器、液晶显示屏等等。在控制系统中有6个直流电机,这些电机用来驱动上升和下降、弯腿、左右翻转、打开和关闭翼板、上升和下降便盆等。A床的功能 床的活动功能包括上升和下降床头、床腿的弯曲和满足病人基本活动要求的床身翻转,帮助病人改善他们的血液循环,防止生褥疮,这种护理床按照人体活动特征设计了弯腿。床侧转可以分为三个动作:向右转、向左转或中间升起。图2、3、4就是床体三个方向的运动。 B护理功能 在其他电子护理床上排便功能是很少见的,这一功能对瘫痪病人,尤其适合。在床体中间有一矩形的开口,这里正常情况下只能看到两块翼板,排便时,翼板下翻,出现缺口,然后便盆装置上升。排便完后,翼板向上翻转填补空洞。这种排便装置由活动框架和移动便盆组成,便盆课插进框架里,整个结构可以协调的装进床身。护理床还提供冲洗和烘干的功能。在活动结构中安装了水箱、热风机和电磁阀,水箱包括水泵、加热器、温度传感器和水位传感器,在这种状态下可以监控水的温度、水温的保持和水箱体积的增大等等。 这种护理床主要是针对那些长期卧病在床的病人。排便之前,按下遥控器的“stool raise”按钮,两片翼板打开,然后便盆上升便盆架自动上升,便盆也同样上升。这些动作完成之后,病人就可以排便了,排便完后,按下相应的关闭按钮,首先进行冲洗,然后利用热风干机烘干,这些与人类护理功能相同。冲洗用的水储存在水箱里,用电热丝加热保持温度。这些控制需要采集、处理温度,这些控制、采集功能均由传感器完成,这些处理和控制功能由单片机来完成。由于病人排便时间不确定,要求温度恒定,基于这个目的随时提供合适温度的水。系统建模A模型 护理床是一只能够很复杂的结构,按照功能和结构可以分为机床零部件、活动机构、可移动便盆、电子监控系统和的点击驱动系统。图5是翼板几何建模图。 B接触副加工 图6是翼板杠杆和操作手柄的几何模型,翼板杠杆轴一端有翼板,另一端有专用的曲线槽装置,翼板两端是轴心平行的圆轴,一根轴心与电机固定配合,另一根轴与曲线沟槽配合形成接触副。电动机带动驱动杆转动,这样实现翼板的开合。仿真分析 翼