不规则动词歌谣.docx

“不规则动词”歌谣动词6种书写式，有的过（去式）、（过去）分（词，即V-ed式）不规则（变化）ABB式（一）都是-aughtcatch开去caught咯答赶路快caught咯答teach天气taught秃特哈热taught秃特哈热都是-oughtbring白领brought扑隆嗵brought扑隆嗵buy摆水 bought爬得bought爬得（狗爬式）seek寻找 sought燥（sho）的sought燥的think想想thought所得thought所得dtt变(辅变)send/t/t 湿得得、lend/t/t 冷得得、build/t/t 背带得得、spend/t/t 使背胴得得；（二）-eep/-ept（-eep变为-ept）keep 、sleep、sweep；-eel/-elt（-eel变为-elt）feelfelt felt，kneel-knelt-knelt；-ill/-ilt （- ill变为- ilt）spillspiltspilt；smell、spellell/-elt（-ell变为-elt），sell、tellell/-old（-ell变为-old）；hear、lay、pay、say尾加d（ay变ai），deal、learn、mean、spoil尾加t。(地漏满水)（三）have/has偶分偶势方 had好的had好的leave里腐left烂腐的left烂腐的stand?stood蠢方都都stood蠢方都都（understandunderstoodunderstood）makemademade霉可霉的霉的（四）元变dig dugdug嘀个大大（爸爸）（i-a-a变）find foundfound find芳芳（阿姨）getgotgot get糕糕（e-o-o变）hanghunghung 哼哈哈（a-u-u变）holdheldheld 吼后头喊后头喊后头 （o-e-e变）loselostlost 老是lost、lost（责备阿姨）meetmetmet “蜜”模特儿慢的慢的shine shoneshone香嗅嗅（i-o-o变）shootshotshot嗅到香的香的sitsatsat sit散榻散榻（i-a-a变）spitspatspat 梳篦头数白头发数白头发winwonwon问汪汪（i-o-o变）形角度（一）原、过、分间6（种）形（式）变：AAA全同式 “读读写写readreadread shedshedshed，cutcutcut砍他砍他砍他”歌（不多）ABB过去式过去分词相同式 “catch开去caught咯答赶路快caught咯答，teach天气taught秃特哈热taught秃特哈热，bring白领brought扑隆嗵brought扑隆嗵”歌（很多）ABC全异式 “杜鹃do鸽子go飞fly来lie秀show”歌（很多）如：dodiddoneABA周期式 “跑跑跑，来成为”歌run ranrun跑跑跑，来成为comecamecome，becomebecamebecomeAAB一个式 beatbeatbeaten（只1个）AB情态式 （情态动词只有过去式，无过去分词）willwould、shallshould 、cancould、maymight音角度（二）原、过、分间3（类语）音变：元（音）变（a-e-i-o-u）辅（音）变元辅（音）变。不规则中寻规律，点点带带小规律。记忆法一：常见94个不规则动词的变化规律归纳如下：一、AAA型，即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。读读写写readreadread shedshedshed、cutcutcut砍他砍他砍他，castcastcast砍死他砍死他砍死他、costcostcost拷死他拷死他拷死他；hithithit 嘿嘿嘿，hurthurthurt呵呵呵；letlet let卵卵卵，putputput泡泡泡；setsetset山山山， shutshutshut峡峡峡；二、ABB型，即过去式、过去分词相同。（共42个）3过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。（2个）catchcaughtcaughtteachtaughttaught1过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。（4个）bringbroughtbroughtbuy boughtboughtfight foughtfought(规律：-ight尾，要么规则变化，要么变ought,light-lit-lit除外)seek soughtsoughtthinkthoughtthought2词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d变为t。（4个）buildbuiltbuiltlendlent lentsendsentsentspendspent spent4把-eep变为-ept。（3个）keepkeptkeptsleepsleptsleptsweep sweptswept5把-ell变为-old。（2个）sellsoldsoldtelltoldtold6过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。（4个）feelfelt feltsmellsmeltsmeltspellspeltspeltspillspiltspilt7过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。（3个）dealdealtdealtlearnlearnt/learnedlearnt/learnedmeanmeant mentmeant mentspoilspoiltspoilt8过去式、过去分词词尾是d。（4个）hearheardheardlaylaidlaid（小规律：-ay尾，要么规则变化，stay-stayed-stayed，要么-ay-aid-aid）paypaidpaidsaysaidsaid9改变元音字母。（11个）dig dugdugfind foundfound（规律：-ind的不规则变化-ind-ound-ound）getgotgothanghunghungholdheldheldloselostlostmeetmetmetshine shoneshoneABC式，过去分词n尾主（一）ABC全异式，杜鹃do鸽子go飞fly来lie秀showdodiddonegowentgoneflyflewflownlielaylainshowshowedshown（二）过去式是元音变、过去分词是原去式加（e）n：便宜勿购是好的bewas/werebeeneatateeatenfallfellfallengivegavegivenseesawseenhidehidhidden（hid）（三）-ake尾原，过去式-ook，过去分（词是原去式加（e）n）-akentaketooktakenmistakemistookmistakenshakeshookshaken（四）-aw /-ow过去式-ew、过去分词是原加n吃落菠萝（助词：菠萝表面是W形状），够啦侬throw（丢掉）drawdrewdrawnblowblewblowngrow grewgrownknowknewknownthrowthrewthrown（show除外）（五） “i辅（1个）e”尾原，过去式是元变O、过去分词是原加n，d/t双写：老师drive是拉风是去拉风；爸的ride是真方ride/writerise、drive、thrive、strive 除give；bide、ride、stride、write除hideriseroserisen，drivedrovedriventhrive throvethriven，strive strovestrivenbidebodebidden ，rideroderidden， stride strodestridden writewrotewritten（六）过去式是元变O、过去分词是过去式加n：不来开会可？会务是必开。确实勿来者，居然都忘记，“-ear-ore -orn”，板饽饽，滩唾唾，玩窝窝。breakbrokebroken wakewoke wokenweavewove wovenspeakspokespokenchoosechosechosenfreezefrozefrozen, treadtrodtrodden（d双写/闭音重读）forgetforgotforgotten（t双写/闭音重读）-ear-ore -orn(过去分词是过去式去e加n)bearboreborn teartoretornwearworeworn除hearheardheard shearshearedshorn/ sheared（七）iau变开始beginbeganbegun、喝drinkdrankdrunkring铃rang来rung嚷sing声呤 sang山sung上sink声歌 sank山sunk上swim是我们swam是我们swum是我们shootshotshot（二）、（三）、（四）、（五）是：原过（分）原加n式sitsatsatspitspatspatwinwonwon10改变辅音字母。（1个）makemademade11改变元、辅音字母。（4个）have/has hadhadleaveleftleftstandstoodstoodunderstandunderstoodunderstood三、ABC型，即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。ABC中过去分词多以n结尾，少数以m,ne,ng,nk结尾（共35个）1 iau变化。（6个）（元变小规则：-ee-e-，-oo-o-，u不变或变双元小口大口）beginbeganbegundrinkdrankdrunksing sangsungringrangrung（规律：-ing/k尾如果不规则，分三类-ing/k-ang/k-ung/ksling-slang-slung，drink-drank-drunk-ing/k-ung/k-ung/k, cling-clung-clung,fling- flung- flung）swimswamswumsink sanksunk，slink-slunk- slunk（六）是：原过（分）过加n式-ing/k-ought-ought bringbroughtbrought，think-thought- thought)2词尾为-ow，-aw时，过去式将其变为-ew，过去分词在其原形后加n。（5个）drawdrewdrawnblowblewblowngrow grewgrownknowknewknownthrowthrewthrown（show除外）3词尾为“i辅（1个）e”，过去式将i变为o，过去分词多在原形后加n，若那个辅音字母为d或t，须双写d或t后加n。（4个）（give，hide除外）riseroserisendrivedrovedriven(strivestrovestriven)writewrotewrittenride roderidden4过去分词在过去式后加（e）n。（5个）breakbrokebrokenchoosechosechosenfreezefrozefrozenspeakspokespokenwakewoke woken5过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。（1个）forgetforgotforgotten6过去分词由原形加（e）n构成。（6个）bewas/werebeeneatateeatenfallfellfallengivegavegivenseesawseenhidehidhidden（hid）7词尾为-ake时，过去式将其变为-ook，过去分词在原形词后加-n。（2个）taketooktakenmistakemistookmistakenshakeshookshaken8原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。（6个）dodiddoneflyflewflowngowentgonelielaylainshowshowedshown小规律：有一些动词词尾为-ear时, 过去式将变为-ore, 过去分词变为-ornwearworewornteartoretorenABA周期式，run ranrun跑跑跑，来成为comecamecome，becomebecamebecome四、AAB型，即过去式和原形相同。（1个）beatbeatbeaten五、ABA型，即过去分词和原形相同。（3个）comecamecomebecomebecamebecomerun ranrun六、AB型，情态动词型，只有原形和过去式，没有过去分词。（4个）willwouldshallshould cancouldmaymight记忆法二：不规则动词相对于规则动词来说，难记得多，是最难对付的一类词。学生难学，老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的，可根据其中的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法，以期大家在攻克这一难关时，能收到事半功倍的效果。一、 原形、过去式、过去分词相同：costcuthithurtletputreadshut（细心的你一定会发现，这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。）二、 原形、过去式相同，过去分词不同：beatbeatbeaten三、 原形、过去分词相同，过去式不同：comecamecomebecomebecamebecomerunranrun（come，become，属不规则变化，但welcome属规则动词，其过去式、过去分词为：welcomed，welcomed）四、 过去式，过去分词相同：(1)去掉字母组合ee中的一个emeetmetmetfeedfedfed(2)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加tfeelfeltfeltsleepsleptsleptkeepkeptkeptsweepsweptswept(3)词尾为的ll去掉一个l加tspellspeltspeltsmellsmeltsmeltspillspiltspilt(4)过去式和过去分词以aught或ought结尾catchcaughtcaughtteachtaughttaught bringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtboughtthinkthoughtthought(5)将stand改为stoodstandstoodstood understandunderstoodunderstood(6)将ay改为aidlaylaidlaidpaypaidpaidsaysaidsaid(7)将d改为tlendlentlentsendsentsentspendspentspentbuildbuiltbuilt(8)将i改为a , o, u等sitsatsatspitspatspatdigdugdugwinwonwon(9)将ell改为oldtelltoldtoldsellsoldsold(10)词尾加tlearnlearntlearntmeanmeantmeantdreamdreamtdreamtspoilspoiltspoilt(11)有两种过去式和过去分词, 一种是不规则的, 一种是规则的：learnlearntlearntlearnlearnedlearnedshineshoneshoneshineshinedshinedhanghunghunghanghangedhangedsmellsmeltsmeltsmellsmelledsmelledburn/burnt/burntburn/burned/burnedlight/lii/litlight/lighted/lighted(12)其它have（has）hadhadhearheardheardshootshotshotloselostlostholdheldheldgetgotgot（AmE gotten）findfoundfoundmakemademadeleaveleftleft五、三者均不同：(1)过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾blowblewblownflyflewflowngrowgrewgrownknowknewknownthrowthrewthrown值得注意的是:showshowedshown或showeddrawdrewdrawn(2)改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词beginbeganbegundrinkdrankdrunkringrangrungsingsangsungswimswamswumsinksanksunk(3)改i为o变成过去式，过去分词以n结尾drivedrovedrivenwritewrotewrittenriseroserisenrideroderidden(4)原形后加n变成过去分词drivedrovedrivenriseroseriseneatateeatengivegavegivenfallfellfallen(5)过去式后加n变成过去分词breakbrokebrokenchoosechosechosenfreezefrozefrozenmistakemistookmistakenstealstolestolenspeakspokespokentaketooktakenwakewokewoken（或woke）(6)其它bewas或werebeendodiddoneforgetforgotforgottengowentgonehidehidhiddenseesawseenwearworeworn六、 有两种过去式和过去分词，但词义相同。wakewokewoken （或woke） wakewakedwakedsinksanksunksinksunksunken七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义：shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词：shoneshone照耀shinedshined擦亮hunghung悬挂hangedhanged绞死八、两个既可以做过去式，又可以做动词原形的词lie躺卧laylainlying（现在分词）lay放，下蛋laidlaidlayingfind 找到、发现findfoundfoundfound 创建，成立 foundfoundedfounded九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆（一）词义相对：(1) comecamecome来 gowentgone去(2) givegavegiven给getgotgot（AmE gotten）获得(3) sleepsleptslept睡觉wakewokewoken （或woke）或wakewakedwaked 醒来(4) riseroserisen上升、上涨、升起fallfellfallen下降、落下、倒下sinksanksunk sinksunksunken 沉下, (使)下沉(5) buyboughtbought买 sellsoldsold出售, 卖(6) taketooktaken带去bringbroughtbrought 带来(7) teachtaughttaught教learnlearntlearnt或learnlearnedlearned学习、学会(8) loselostlost丢失、失败findfoundfound找到winwonwon赢得、（获）胜(9) standstoodstood站、立sitsatsat坐(10) sendsentsent 送、寄、发送getgotgot获得、收到（二）词义相近：(1) beatbeatbeaten 打, 打败winwonwon赢得、获胜(2) understandunderstoodunderstood 懂, 了解knowknewknown 知道, 了解, 认识(3) getgotgot（AmE gotten）变成、成为、变得becomebecamebecome 变成, 成为, 变得gowentgone变成turnturnedturned变成(4) spendspentspent 花费、度过paypaidpaid 支付、交纳costcostcost花费、价值为taketooktaken花费(5) saysaidsaid说、讲speakspokespoken说、演讲telltoldtold 告诉、说、吩咐、断定talktalkedtalked谈话, 讲, 谈论, 议论记忆法三：1无变化，过去式与原形相同。letlet, putput,