毕业设计（论文）-南京市升达图书大厦中央空调设计.doc

河南城建学院本科毕业设计（论文） 毕 业 设 计 论 文题 目： 南京市升达图书大厦中央空调设计 学 院： 河南城建学院 专 业： 热能与动力工程 姓 名： 学 号： 指导老师： 完成时间： 2016年5月 20日 河南城建学院本科毕业设计（论文）摘要摘 要 窗体顶端本次设计的是南京市升达图书大厦的空调系统。其建筑总共有八层，有开架书库，电化教室，期刊阅览室，以及高层的办公室等功能,制冷机房布置在地下一层。众所周知为群众提供工作和日常活动的场所被称为建筑。现如今人们只有五分之一得时间不在建筑物里度过。建筑环境对于人们的生活质量，工作情况以及寿命的影响逐渐在社会上引起了广泛关注。我们的祖先从起初的风餐露宿到现在的建筑环境的变化是个无比艰难复杂的过程,不忘初忠的就是改善建筑内环境,为了达到我们本身对于工作和生活对于环境的要求。那么中央空调设计就是不断为这个方面做着研究，针对该综合楼建筑物的功能要求和特点，以及南京地区气象条件和空调要求，参考各种相关文献资料对该楼的中央空调系统进行系统规划，考虑到此建筑的特点，各房间均采取风机盘管-新风系统。设计的主要步骤有：建筑负荷的计算；冷热源的选择；风系统的设计与计算；水系统的设计与计算；风管系统与水管系统保温层的设计；空调末端处理设备及机房辅助设备的选型等。根据各种计算结果，通过控制室内温度、湿度、洁净度和光声环境使人们生活更舒适。关键词：中央空调系统，风机盘管-新风系统，制冷机房窗体底端I河南城建学院本科毕业设计（论文）摘要 ABSTRACT窗体顶端The design of air conditioning system is a library building in Nanjing. The building a total of eight layer, open stacks, audio-visual classroom, periodical reading room, and high-rise office function refrigerating room layout in the basement.Known for providing work and day to day activities of the establishments known as building. Now only one-fifth people have to spend time in the building. The built environment for peoples quality of life, job and life gradually aroused widespread concern in the community. Our ancestors worked from the beginning to the current changes in the built environment is an extremely difficult and complex process, do not forget to cheat is to improve the environment inside the building at the beginning, in order to meet the requirements of our working and living environments. Then the air-conditioning system design is constantly doing research in this area, according to the complex functional requirements and features of the building, as well as Nanjing meteorological conditions and air conditioning requirements, reference literature on the building system of the central air conditioning system planning. Taking into account the characteristics of the building, all rooms are fan-coil-air system.Design of the main steps are: load calculation of cold and hot source choice; the wind system design and calculation of water system design and calculation; insulation design of the duct system and plumbing; air-conditioning end equipment and plant ancillary equipment selection, etc. According to the results of various calculations, through control of indoor temperature, humidity and cleanliness of sound and light environment makes peoples lives more comfortable.Key words: central air-conditioning system-air fan-coil system, chiller rooms窗体底端IV河南城建学院本科毕业设计（论文）目录目录摘 要IABSTRACTII第一章 工程概况51.1工程概述51.2 工程依据51.3 工程资料51.3.1 室外设计参数61.3.2 室内设计参数61.4建筑结构7第二章 负荷计算82.1 负荷的主要内容82.2 空调冷负荷计算82.2.1 外墙和屋面瞬变传热引起的冷负荷92.2.2 内围护结构冷负荷92.2.3 外玻璃窗瞬变传热引起的冷负荷92.2.4 透过玻璃窗的日射得热引起的冷负荷92.2.5 照明散热形成的冷负荷102.2.6 人体散热形成的冷负荷102.3各个房间负荷值总结12第三章 空调系统设计453.1 空调系统的分类453.1.1 空调系统的分类453.2 空调系统的选择原则453.2.1 空调系统的选择原则463.3 各房间空调系统的确定463.3.1 风机盘管的构造和特点463.3.2 风机盘管机组新风供给方式473.4风机盘管加新风空调系统483.5风机盘管选型计算493.6新风机组选型计算51第四章 送风量与气流组织534.1送风量534.2散流器送风的设计计算53第五章 空调系统水力计算565.1空调风系统水力计算565.2空调水系统水力计算68水管系统水力计算结果71第六章 消声、减振及管道保温806.1 空调系统的消声806.1.1 空调系统噪声控制技术措施816.1.2空调系统噪声控制的措施826.2 空调系统的减振826.2.1 冷水机组的防振836.2.2 水泵隔振836.3 空调系统的保温846.3.1 空调系统中管道和设备需要保温的因素856.3.2 保温层厚度的确定85参考文献86致谢88河南城建学院本科毕业设计（论文）工程概况第一章 工程概况1.1工程概述本工程为南京市升达图书大厦中央空调设计，第一二层为入口大厅，开架书库，出纳，书店，收发，电子检索，管理,期刊阅览，目录检索，办公室，电化教室等；三八层为办公室，这六层的布局基本相同，每层都有厕所。每层高4.2米，建筑物总高度约为33.6m。总建筑面积约为24877m。1.2 工程依据本工程空调设计根据建筑专业提供的图纸，并依照暖通现行国家颁发的有关规范、标准进行设计，具体为： 采暖通风与空气调节设计规范 GB500192003 高层民用建筑设计防火规范 办公建筑设计规范 民用建筑节能设计标准JGJ2695 民用建筑热工设计规范GB50176-93 实用供热空调设计手册1.3 工程资料以下数据取自实用供热空调设计手册(中国建筑工业出版社,2008年5月第二版)上册,江苏省南京市地理参数如表1-1所示：表1-1南京市地理参数地理位置（南京）海拔(m)大气压力(Kpa)室外平均风速m/s北纬东经8.9冬季夏季冬季夏季3110118431025.21004.02.62.6窗体顶端1.3.1 室外设计参数如表1-2所示：表1-2室外设计参数窗体底端冬季夏季夏季空调室外计算湿球温度夏季冬季冬季夏季空气调节通风空气调节空调日平均通风风速相对湿度相对湿度-623531.43228.33.160%50%1.3.2 室内设计参数一般认为，在供热工况下，室内温度每降低1，能耗可减少10%15%；在供冷工况下，室内温度每提高1，能耗能减少8%10%，由此可见，在满足要求的前提下，不应随意提高或降低室内计算温度，以下数据取自空气调节设计手册(第二版,电子工业部第十设计研究院中国建筑工业出版社)。窗体底端窗体顶端表1-3 各房间室内设计参数窗体底端名称房间用途温度()湿度(%)室内风速m/s新风指标W/m2夏季开架书库2650v0.253.1冬季开架书库 2340v0.153.1夏季期刊阅览2650v0.252.4冬季期刊阅览2340v0.152.4夏季出纳2650v0.2533.2冬季出纳2340v0.1533.2夏季书店2650v0.2513.3冬季书店2340v0.1513.3夏季电子检索2650v0.2513.8冬季电子检索2340v0.1513.8夏季管理2650v0.2535.7冬季管理2340v0.1535.7夏季电化教室2650v0.2511.9冬季电化教室2340v0.1511.9夏季入口大厅2650v0.256.2冬季入口大厅2340v0.156.2夏季办公室2650v0.2530冬季办公室2340v0.1530夏季休息厅2650v0.2530冬季休息厅2340v0.1530夏季电子阅览室2650v0.252.4冬季电子阅览室2340v0.152.4夏季收发2650v0.2535.5冬季收发2340v0.1535.51窗体顶端窗体底端窗体顶端1.4建筑结构（1）外墙：外墙平均传热系数为0.53w/.k,保温材料为聚苯板，其厚度为50mm;（2）外窗：外窗采用单框中空玻璃塑钢窗，传热系数K=2.85W/(.k);（3）屋面：屋面采用50厚挤塑聚苯板，平均传热系数为0.565w/.k（4）楼板：40mm钢筋混凝土加120mm的预制混凝土空心板加40mm的硬质聚氨酯板。平均传热系数为0.59w/.k（5）外门：建筑物外门选用复合保温隔声防盗门，传热系数K=2.47W/(.k)（6）内墙：楼梯间内墙采用30mm保温砂浆,传热系数为1.35w/.k;（7）节能建筑概况：体形系数:0.18，耗热量指标QH=12.29w/;窗墙面积比: 北向0.22,、东向0.05、西向0.05、南向0.3413河南城建学院本科毕业设计（论文）负荷计算第二章 负荷计算窗体底端窗体顶端2.1 负荷的主要内容空调负荷计算包括室内负荷、新风负荷、再热负荷和风机、风管温升负荷。室内负荷又包括围护结构、人员、照明、设备及其它负荷。舒适性空调没有再热，本设计中忽略风机、风管温升负荷。空调房间的热负荷由下面组成，查看参考文献11）由围护结构带来的热量。2）由窗户带给室内的太阳辐射热量。3）人体、照明、设备散入房间的热量。4）伴随各种散湿过程产生的潜热量。5）通过门缝和窗户渗透空的空气带给室内的热量。6）食品或物料的散热量。2.2 空调冷负荷计算空调冷负荷是指为了保持室内温度的恒定，空调设备在单位时间内必须自室内取走的热量，即在单位时间内必须向室内供给的冷量。空调负荷计算包括室内负荷、新风负荷、再热负荷和风机、风管温升负荷，室内负荷又包括围护结构、人员、照明、设备及其它负荷。舒适性空调没有再热，本设计中忽略风机、风管温升负荷。本设计只对整个楼层运用天正暖通软件做详细计算，详细数据见附录12.2.1 外墙和屋面瞬变传热引起的冷负荷在上述计算公式式中 代表计算时间单位是h代表的是围护结构表面受到周期为24小时谐性温度波作用，温度波传到内表面的时间延迟，单位h （1）外墙和屋顶 CLQ=KFt- 式(2.1)式中：计算时间，h； ：围护结构表面受到周期为24小时谐性温度波作用，温度波传到内表面的时间延迟，h； -：温度波的作用时间，及温度波作用于围护结构外表面的时间，h； K：围护结构传热系数，w/m2； F：围护结构计算面积，m2； t-：作用时刻下，围护结构的冷负荷计算温差，简称负荷闻差。负荷温差t-按照外墙和屋面的船热衰减系数进行分类。围护结构愈厚、重（热容量愈大），则值愈大，值愈小；围护结构愈轻、薄（热容量愈小），则值愈小，值愈大。值在0到1之间变化。当围护结构0.2时，由于结构具有较大的惰性对于外界扰量反应迟钝，从而使负荷温差的日变化很小，为了简化计算，可按日平均负荷温差tp计算冷负荷。2.2.2 内围护结构冷负荷在上面的公式中 内围护结构传热系数，单位W/(m2 ) 内围护结构的面积，单位m2 夏季空调室外计算日平均温度，单位 附加温升，可按暖通空调表2-10查取2.2.3 外玻璃窗瞬变传热引起的冷负荷 窗户瞬变传导得热形成的冷负荷CLQc=KFt 式(2.2)式中：t：计算时刻的负荷温差； F：窗口面积。2.2.4 透过玻璃窗的日射得热引起的冷负荷CLQj=xgxdCnCsFJj 式(2.3) 式中：xg：窗的有效面积系数；单层钢窗0.85，双层钢窗0.75；单层木门，0.7，双层木窗，0.6； xd：地点修正系数； Jj：计算时刻时，透过单位窗口面积的太阳总辐射热形成的冷负荷，简称负荷强度，w/ m2。2.2.5 照明散热形成的冷负荷 式（2.11）式中：Q：设备、照明和人体的得热，W； T：设备投入使用时刻或开灯时刻或人员进入房间时刻，h； -T：从设备投入使用时刻或开灯时刻或人员进入房间时刻到计算时刻，h； JX-T(JE-T、JL-T、JP-T)：-时间的设备负荷强度系数、照明负荷强度系数、人体负荷强度系数。2.2.6 人体散热形成的冷负荷 式（2.11）式中：Q：设备、照明和人体的得热，W； T：设备投入使用时刻或开灯时刻或人员进入房间时刻，h； -T：从设备投入使用时刻或开灯时刻或人员进入房间时刻到计算时刻，h； JX-T(JE-T、JL-T、JP-T)：-时间的设备负荷强度系数、照明负荷强度系数、人体负荷强度系数。窗体底端2.3各个房间负荷值总结a.一到二层各房间冷负荷如表2-1所示：房间号 101201负荷源照明设备北外窗北外墙北内门北内墙 东内墙 东内门南内窗南内墙 西外窗西外墙负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值逐时负荷值81198.10465.8120.1366.61630.11800.3183.31285.92200.7911.831491198.10595.5112.6366.61630.11800.3183.31285.92200.71173.1276.71013378.60785.1112.6366.61630.11800.3183.31285.92200.71530251.81114177.30908.3115.1366.61630.11800.3183.31285.92200.71765.1235.21214776.30981.1125.2366.61630.11800.3183.31285.92200.71908.7235.21315175.701006.9137.8366.61630.11800.3183.31285.92200.72087.4243.51415774.70968.4152.9366.61630.11800.3183.31285.92200.72356.4264.21516174.10866.8173366.61630.11800.3183.31285.92200.72514.6293.31616573.40720.5193.2366.61630.11800.3183.31285.92200.72359.2343.11716773.10637.3213.3366.61630.11800.3183.31285.92200.72165.6417.8185790.70472.4233.5366.61630.11800.3183.31285.92200.71334.4517.3195191.70219.6248.6366.61630.11800.3183.31285.92200.7480.5625.2204592.60197.2261.2366.61630.11800.3183.31285.92200.7431.3728.9表2-1各冷负荷房间号102202照明设备北外窗北外墙北内门北内墙 东外窗东外墙西内门南内墙 南内窗西内墙 负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值8898.60465.8120.1366.61630.11774.2222.7183.31800.31285.92200.79898.60595.5112.6366.61630.12228.6231183.31800.31285.92200.71010033.90785.1112.6366.61630.12266280.8183.31800.31285.92200.711106330908.3115.1366.61630.11993.3359.7183.31800.31285.92200.71211082.20981.1125.2366.61630.11966455.1183.31800.31285.92200.71311381.801006.9137.8366.61630.12011.6550.5183.31800.31285.92200.714118310968.4152.9366.61630.11935.9625.2183.31800.31285.92200.71512130.60866.8173366.61630.11742.2670.8183.31800.31285.92200.71612430.10720.5193.2366.61630.11447.6691.6183.31800.31285.92200.71712579.80637.3213.3366.61630.11220.5699.9183.31800.31285.92200.71843430472.4233.5366.61630.1868.3695.7183.31800.31285.92200.7193893.80219.6248.6366.61630.1480.5683.3183.31800.31285.92200.7203444.50197.2261.2366.61630.1431.3666.7183.31800.31285.92200.7 房间号103203照明设备北外窗北外墙南内门南内墙 西内墙 负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值827.24427.150.4183.3482.7446.5927.24545.947.2183.3482.7446.510304.220.8719.747.2183.3482.7446.511322.429.6832.648.3183.3482.7446.51233636.3899.352.5183.3482.7446.513345.14192357.8183.3482.7446.514358.744.4887.764.1183.3482.7446.515367.847.7794.572.6183.3482.7446.516376.950.4660.681.1183.3482.7446.517381.452.4585.289.5183.3482.7446.518131.737434.598183.3482.7446.519118.128.9201.3104.3183.3482.7446.520104.423.5180.8109.6183.3482.7446.5房间号104204照明设备北外窗北外墙东内墙 南内门南内墙 负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值874.30427.150.4446.5183.3482974.30545.947.2446.5183.348210829.70719.747.2446.5183.348211879.30832.648.3446.5183.348212916.40899.352.5446.5183.348213941.2092357.8446.5183.348214978.30887.764.1446.5183.3482151003.10794.572.6446.5183.3482161027.90660.681.1446.5183.3482171040.30585.289.5446.5183.348218359.10434.598446.5183.3482193220201.3104.3446.5183.348220284.80180.8109.6446.5183.3482房间号105205照明设备北外窗北外墙东内墙 南内门南内墙 西内墙 负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值819.12.8194.132535.191.6283.5535.1919.12.8248.130535.191.6283.5535.110213.714.5327.130535.191.6283.5535.111226.420.6378.430.7535.191.6283.5535.11223625.3408.833.4535.191.6283.5535.113242.428.5419.536.7535.191.6283.5535.114251.930.9403.540.8535.191.6283.5535.115258.333.2361.146.1535.191.6283.5535.116264.735.1300.251.5535.191.6283.5535.117267.936.5265.756.9535.191.6283.5535.11892.525.719762.3535.191.6283.5535.11982.920.191.566.3535.191.6283.5535.12073.316.482.269.7535.191.6283.5535.1房间号106206照明设备北外窗北外墙南内门南内墙 西内墙 负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值8149.30853.9101.3366.6963.9446.59149.301091.894.9366.6963.9446.5101667.201439.394.9366.6963.9446.5111766.701665.297366.6963.9446.5121841.401798.6105.5366.6963.9446.5131891.101845.9116.1366.6963.9446.5141965.801775.5128.9366.6963.9446.5152015.501589.1145.9366.6963.9446.5162065.301320.9162.9366.6963.9446.5172090.201168.7179.9366.6963.9446.518721.60866.4196.9366.6963.9446.5196470402.7209.6366.6963.9446.520572.30361.5220.2366.6963.9446.5房间号107207照明设备北外窗北外墙东内墙 南内门南内墙 负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值825.33.7427.150.4446.591.6508.5925.33.7545.947.2446.591.6508.51028319.3719.747.2446.591.6508.511299.927.5832.648.3446.591.6508.512312.633.7899.352.5446.591.6508.51332138.192357.8446.591.6508.514333.741.2887.764.1446.591.6508.515342.144.3794.572.6446.591.6508.516350.646.8660.681.1446.591.6508.517354.848.7585.289.5446.591.6508.518122.534.3434.598446.591.6508.519109.826.8201.3104.3446.591.6508.52097.221.8180.8109.6446.591.6508.5房间号108208照明设备北内门北内墙 南外窗南外墙西外墙负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值83110366.610101077.476.415793110366.610101423.464.9138.3103473.30366.610101935.857.2125.9113680.60366.610102329.657.2117.6123836.20366.610102557.266.8117.6133939.80366.610102680.586.1121.7144095.40366.610102486.2115132.11541990366.610102095.6149.7146.6164302.70366.610101711188.2171.5174354.60366.610101429.8220.9208.9181503.40366.610101005.9246258.7191347.80366.61010549.1261.4312.6201192.30366.61010493267.2364.5房间号109209照明设备北内门北内墙 南外窗南外墙负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值83110366.610101077.476.493110366.610101423.464.9103473.30366.610101935.857.2113680.60366.610102329.657.2123836.20366.610102557.266.8133939.80366.610102680.586.1144095.40366.610102486.21151541990366.610102095.6149.7164302.70366.610101711188.2174354.60366.610101429.8220.9181503.40366.610101005.9246191347.80366.61010549.1261.4201192.30366.61010493267.2房间号110210照明设备北内墙 东内墙 南外窗南外墙西内门负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值829.74.4581.291.6419.9446.591.6929.74.4581.291.6419.9446.591.610331.122.7581.291.6419.9446.591.611350.932.2581.291.6419.9446.591.612365.739.5581.291.6419.9446.591.613375.644.7581.291.6419.9446.591.614390.448.3581.291.6419.9446.591.615400.352581.291.6419.9446.591.616410.254.9581.291.6419.9446.591.617415.157.1581.291.6419.9446.591.618143.340.3581.291.6419.9446.591.619128.531.5581.291.6419.9446.591.620113.725.6581.291.6419.9446.591.6房间号111211照明设备北内墙 东内门东内墙 南内墙 西外窗西外墙负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值822.23.3446.591.6464.2446.5313.671922.23.3446.591.6464.2446.5403.462.610247.617.1446.591.6464.2446.5526.35711262.424.3446.591.6464.2446.5607.353.212273.529.8446.591.6464.2446.5656.753.213280.933.7446.591.6464.2446.5716.855.11429236.4446.591.6464.2446.5805.659.815299.439.2446.591.6464.2446.5856.266.316306.841.4446.591.6464.2446.5801.377.617310.543.1446.591.6464.2446.5734.494.518107.230.4446.591.6464.2446.5453.61171996.123.7446.591.6464.2446.5164.7141.4208519.3446.591.6464.2446.5147.9164.9房间号112212照明设备北内门北内墙 东外墙南外窗南外墙负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值负荷值83110366.61010111.41077.476.493110366.61010115.51423.464.9103473.30366.61010140.41935.857.2113680.60366.61010179.82329.657.2123836.20366.61010227.52557.266.8133939.80366.61010275.32680.586.1144095.40366.61010312.62486.21151541990366.61010335.42095.6149.7164302.70366.61010345.81711188.2174354.60366.61010349.91429.8220.9181503.40366.61010347.91005.9246191347.8036