2019版高考英语一轮复习Unit3Inventorsandinventions夯基提能作业新人教版选修8 .doc

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions.阅读理解(2017重庆育才中学高三入学考试) A machine that takes sweat-laden (浸满汗水的) clothes and turns the sweat into drinking water is in use in Sweden. The machine makes the clothes turn round quickly, heats them to remove the sweat, and then passes the steam through a kind of special material to make purified water. Since it has been brought into use, its creators say more than 1000 people have drunk others “sweat” in Gothenburg. They add the liquid is cleaner than local tap water.The device was built for the United Nations child-focused charity UNICEF to promote a campaign highlighting the fact that 780 million people in the world lack access to clean water.The machine was designed and built by the engineer Andreas Hammar, known locally for his appearances on TV tech show “Mekatronik”. He said the key part of the sweat machine was a new water purification part developed by a pany named HVR.“It uses a technique called membrane distillation (膜蒸馏),” he told the BBC.“We use a special kind of material that only lets steam through but keeps bacteria, salts, clothing fibers and other things out. They have something similar to the International Space Station, but our machine is cheaper to build. The amount of water it produces depends on how sweaty the person is, but one persons T-shirt typically produces 10ml, about a mouthful.”The device has been put on show at the Gothia Cupthe worlds largest international youth football tournament. Mattias Ronge, chief executive of Stockholm-based advertising agency Deportivo, said the machine had helped raise awareness of UNICEF, but in reality had its limitations.“People havent produced as much sweat as we hopedright now the weather in Gothenburg is lousy,” Mattias Ronge said. “So weve equipped the machine with exercise bikes and volunteers are cycling like crazy. Even so, the demand for sweat is greater than the supply. And the machine will never be produced in large numbers, since there are better solutions out there such as water purifying pills.”1.Which of the following is the disadvantage of the sweat machine?A.It takes too long for the machine to produce water.B.The amount of water the machine produces is rather limited.C.It costs a large amount of money to build the machine.D.The water processed by the machine is not clean enough.2.UNICEF is mentioned in the text to .A.show how the sweat machine worksB.explain why the sweat machine was inventedC.show the importance of the United NationsD.tell us who invented the sweat machine3.What did Mattias Ronge think of the sweat machine?A.It could only be used in summer.B.It did not work at all.C.It was not worth popularizing.D.The water it produced tasted sweet.4.The text is written mainly to tell us that .A.a machine which turns sweat into drinking water is inventedB.780 million people in the world lack access to clean waterC.a better solution to purifying dirty water is discoveredD.the pill which turns dirty water into clean water is produced.七选五(2018山东寿光现代中学高三开学考试)Ways to Worry LessDo you want to worry less? Of course you do. Thats like asking if I can send you free bacon. Worry is like black moldit appears in damp conditions and spreads uncontrollably. And very often we dont realize its there until its killing us. We must get rid of worry before it destroys us. But how should we do it?1 Do what you need to do.2You ought not to avoid tough projects or hard conversions. If you dont do what you should be doing, you will end up spending the rest of the time worrying about the must-do things. Believe it or not, the anxiety that es from the worry is much worse than the task were worried about.3I think many of us act like were puppets(木偶)in a play and were waiting for something or someone to put us in the right place. We just react to whatever is going on.4We need to live purposefully. Nothing can cause more worry than purposelessness. Make plans.You cant have intentionality without making plans. Making plans will enable you to achieve your aims more smoothly. However, your plans arent set in stone. You can adjust your plans flexibly. Accept changes.5There are other ways to lessen worry. As long as you are determined to take action, you will live a worry-free life.A.Worry ruins creativity.B.Get more purposeful.C.Do what you should be doing.D.We need to stop letting life just happen.E.Make new plans and then move forward.F.You do the same things as the people around you do.G.Here are some effective ways to deal with it.完形填空(2017山东潍坊一模)A middle-aged man named Douglas lives alone on the fourth floor of an apartment building.He keeps himself off his1,never saying hello to anyone.He leaves his 2out in the hallway.He3plains(抱怨)about all the inconvenience caused by his neighbours,even getting4when Catherine and David,the couple living next door,have a baby.Instead of saying5,he6his concern about his own sleep.Then one day Mr.Douglas is surprised to see his garbage is7to be found.In its place is a note,“Glad to clear up the garbage to8you a trip. Have a nice day. David.”9 this kind act,Mr.Douglas begins thinking about the terrible traffic he will surely have to10on his way to work.But as time goes on,Mr.Douglas starts to feel a little11. Catherine and David always smile at him when they12in the hallway and politely say hello,13his reaction is.One day,another note es to him,apologizing for the baby14Mr.Douglas sleep.But the baby doesnt cause him much bother as he sleeps with the fan15because of the heat.Finally,the couple invite Mr.Douglas into their apartment for a cup of coffee. As they talk,he 16 that he and his wife got a divorce a year ago.He has been so heartbroken that he has been17to everyone he knows.Feeling glad that his neighbours have treated him with so much18and friendliness,Mr.Douglas cannot help19and respecting them for it. Now he knows the20of treating other people as he would like to be treated.1.A.workersB.neighbors C.colleagues D.managers2.A.garbageB.garage C.luggage D.lounge3.A.pletelyB.deliberately C.constantlyD.eventually4.A.upset B.shocked C.disappointed D.excited5.A.yes B.no C.thanksD.congratulations6.A.shares B.avoids C.expresses D.expects7.A.somewhereB.anywhere C.everywhere D.nowhere8.A.save B.make C.offerD.bring9.A.CheeringB.Ignoring C.UnderstandingD.Doubting10.A.deal withB.argue with C.mix with D.get along with11.A.pleasedB.silly C.fortable D.curious12.A.sail B.rest C.walk D.meet13.A.whateverB.whichever C.wherever D.however14.A.interrupting B.suffering C.delaying D.robbing15.A.upB.down C.onD.off16.A.warnsB.declares C.insistsD.admits17.A.strangeB.rude C.normalD.polite18.A.toleranceB.reference C.confidenceD.experience19.A.worryingB.adjusting C.appreciatingD.blaming20.A.behaviorB.failure C.differenceD.importance答案精解精析.阅读理解语篇解读本文为说明文,主要介绍了一种能将汗液转化为饮用水的机器。1.B细节理解题。根据第五段中“The amount of water it produces depends on how sweaty the person is, but one persons T-shirt typically produces 10ml, about a mouthful.”可知,这种机器的产水量有限。故选B。2.B细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,作者在文中之所以提到UNICEF是因为这台机器是为UNICEF所组织的一项活动而设计制造的。故选B。3.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中“the machine will never be produced in large numbers”可知,Mattias Ronge认为这种机器不值得推广。故选C。 4.A主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“A machine that takes sweat-laden (浸满汗水的) clothes and turns the sweat into drinking water is in use in Sweden.”以及下文的描述可知,作者通过本文主要向我们介绍一种能将汗液转化为饮用水的机器。故选A。 .七选五语篇解读本文就如何减少担忧提供了一些方法。1.G上句提到“但是我们应该如何做呢?”,下文分别介绍了该怎样去做,所以此处应该是一个引起下文的句子。故选G。2.C结合本段中的“If you dont do what you should be doing”可知此处选C。3.B根据“We need to live purposefully.”可知,我们要有目的地生活。B项意思是“变得更有目的。”,符合语境。故选B。4.D我们要有目的地生活,不能让生活顺其自然。故选D。5.E上句指出要灵活地调整计划,接受改变。E项“制订新计划,然后继续前进。”符合语境。故选E。.完形填空语篇解读本文为记叙文。一位中年人因与妻子离婚情绪低落,对邻居态度非常粗鲁。然而邻居的爱心温暖并改变了他。1.B根据下文内容可知他和邻居不相往来,从不与任何人打招呼。2.A根据第二段第一句中的garbage可知答案为A项。A:垃圾;B:车库;C:行李;D:起居室。3.C他不断地(constantly)抱怨他的邻居给他带来的不便,甚至住在隔壁的一对夫妇凯瑟琳和戴维生了小孩儿时,他都感到心烦(upset)。A:完全地;B:故意地;D:终于。4.A解析见上题。upset心烦意乱的;shocked震惊的;disappointed失望的;excited激动的。5.D隔壁家有了小孩儿,他没有表示祝贺(congratulations),却对自己的睡眠表示担心。A:是;B:不