初中英语语法 名词.doc

第一讲 名词英语的主要内容：词汇vocabulary&语法grammar（词法+句法）词汇的分类：动词Verb（v.）名词Noun（n.）形容词Adjective（a.）副词Adverb（ad.）介词Preposition（prep.）代词Pronoun（pron.）连词Conjunction（conj.）数词Numeral（num.）冠词Article(art.)感叹词Interjection（inter.）（1） 名词概述名词包括人（somebody）和事物（something）（2） 名词分类1. 专有名词China Peter the Great Wall WTO Olympics Northeast专有名词的特征：具体的、唯一的人事物 首字母大写2. 普通名词1.可数名词【C】countable2.不可数名词【U】uncountable要掌握的不可数名词：原材料：glass*water wood oil* paper petrol (汽油)总称：furniture jewellery luggage fruitrubbish特殊：hair* weather fun news advise 1.物质名词 water cotton snow bread 2.抽象名词beauty love friendship victory information 3.个体名词house photo bike 4. 集体名词可分割：pants trousers jeans pyjamas(睡衣) glasses compasses（圆规）一般用 a pair of不可分割：class group army family cattle(一群牛)*：词性的分类不是绝对的glasspaperyouthfamilynecessitybeauty词的可数性不是绝对的teacoffeesnowgreenspiritarm（3） 名词的数规则情况-s一般情况以两个元音字母结尾的词某些以f或者fe结尾的词某些以o结尾的词zoosradiosbambooskangaroosRoofsgulfsproofsbeliefscliffsPhotospianos-es以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词某些以o结尾的词classesbusesboxesbrushesheroestomatoesNegroes变y为i加-es以辅音字母+y结尾的词factoriesbabiescitieskeys例外变f为v加-es某些以f或者fe结尾的词leavesshelveswiveskniveshalves*o结尾的单词只用记住“黑人吃土豆”“英雄吃番茄”其余都加s不规则变化：man - woman-foot-tooth-goose-child-mouse-ox-单复数同形：DeerfishaircraftsheepJapaneseChinese课堂练习：1. Im dreaming of driving my own car some day. So I have to learn to be a first . A. pilot B.policeman C.driver 2. -whats your favorite season? - .A. July B.Morning C.Spring D.Wednesday3. The restaurant is so popular here. Look, there are so many here.A. food B.dish C.people D.waiter 4. Heilongjiang is in the of China.A.northeast B.northeastern C.northwest D.northwestern5.Premier Wen（温总理）is .He said he would stay up to watch this years Worlds Cup matches.A.a football fan B.over sixty C.interested D.good at writing 6.Thomas Edison never gave up. During his lifetime, He had 1093 .A.instruction B.competition C.invention D.injection 7.As close friend , they used to walk to school .A.face to face B.little by little C.step by step D.side by side 8.-Can I help you.-Id like for my twin daughters.A.two pair of shoes B.two pairs of shoeC.two pair of shoe D.two pairs of shoes9. Brain is so kind that he often gives me a when Im in trouble.A. reply B.seat C.hand D.reason10. -Hurry up，Jack！-Just give me five minutes to put my desk in .A. time B.order C.line D.shape 11. -Ive