高中英语Module4SandstormsinAsiaPeriod1IntroductionReadingandVocabulary文本研读课课后阅读作业.docx

odule 4 Sandstorms in Asia Period 1 Introduction Reading and Vocabulary. 阅读理解AThere has been a dramatic increase in the number of natural disasters over the past few years, and it is assumed that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future. Some of the worlds leading cities are facing disasters like floods and heat waves. LondonLondons flood defences are getting older. Since 1982, the Thames Barrier(水闸)has protected the city from the threat of flooding, but it was only designed to last until 2030 and close once every two or three years. About 26 years later the barrier now closes five or six times a year and according to Environment Agency predictions, by 2050 the barrier will be closed on almost every tide if the problem is not addressed. There are 26 underground stations, 400 schools, 16 hospitals, an airport and 80 billion worth of property in Londons flood risk area, so large scale flooding would be disastrous. ParisOver a six week period in July and August 2003, more than 11, 400-mainly elderly people-died in France from dehydration(脱水)and extremely high body temperature in a deadly heat wave. Heat waves of similar intensity(强度)are expected every seven years by 2050, so what can be done to make sure such a disaster does not happen again? One solution is to have air-conditioners installed in elderly care homes. But this is considered a short-term solution, as the increase in demand for electricity also increases carbon emissions(排放). In Paris the local authorities are encouraging architects to design new types of buildings such as the building “Flower Tower”, which uses a covering of bamboo to act as a natural air-conditioner. ShanghaiShanghai is one of the fastest growing cities on Earth. It has a population of 18 million and is only 4 meters above sea level. Sea levels are predicted to rise by 20 cm within the next century. An estimated 250, 000 people move to Shanghai every year in search of work, placing extra demands on energy consumption. China relies heavily on coal-fired power stations, but these emissions increase temperatures and, in turn, warmer seas increase the risk of typhoons. 【语篇概述】近年来全球自然灾害的数量剧增, 据预测, 在将来, 全球变暖等气候变化将会导致更多的灾难。让我们看一看世界上的大城市将会面临什么样的灾难。1. What problem should be settled now in London? A. How to protect the citys property. B. Where to build its flood defences. C. How to use the Thames Barrier to protect the city. D. How to improve the function of the old flood defences. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。由“London”部分的首句可知, 伦敦的防洪设施正在老化, 可推知D项正确。2. Which of the following measures CANT solve the heat wave disaster in Paris? A. Putting up new types of buildings with a covering of bamboo. B. Having air-conditioners installed in elderly care homes. C. Forbidding the city to build “Flower Tower”. D. Encouraging architects to design new types of buildings. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由“. . . encouraging architects to design new types of buildings such as the building Flower Tower”可知鼓励设计“Flower Tower”式的建筑物而不是禁止。3. The major threats to Shanghai are. A. increasing population and coal-fired power stationsB. rising sea levels and typhoonsC. extremely high temperature and rising sea levelsD. extra demands on energy consumption and typhoons【解析】选B。细节理解题。由文章最后两段中的“Sea levels are predicted to rise. . . warmer seas increase the risk of typhoons. ”可知上海面临的主要自然灾害是海平面上升和台风。4. The purpose of the passage is. A. to tell us how to protect the big citiesB. to give advice on how to defend natural disastersC. to explain what causes flood and heat wavesD. to warn us of the increasing natural disasters in big cities【解析】选D。目的意图题。由文章第一段最后一句“Some of the worlds leading cities are facing disasters like floods and heat waves. ”可知D项正确。5. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Big Cities Facing Big DisastersB. Big Disasters in the FutureC. The Increase of Natural DisastersD. Solutions to Natural Disasters【解析】选A。主旨大意题。全文描述了世界各大城市将会面临的各种自然灾害, 故A项正确。BWe already know the fastest, least expensive way to slow down climate change: use less energy. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or moredoing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets. Not long ago, my wife, PJ, and I tried a new dietnot to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change. Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster than predicted only a few years ago, and that the consequences could be severe if we dont keep reducing emission(排放)of carbon dioxide(CO2)and other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere. We decided to try an experiment. For one month we recorded our personal emission of CO2. We wanted to see how much we could cut back, so we went on a strict diet. The average US household produces about 150 pounds of CO2a day by doing common things like turning on air conditioning or driving cars. Thats more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average, mostly because Americans drive more and have bigger houses. But how much should we try to reduce? For an answer, I checked with Tim Flannery, author of The Weather Makers: How Man Is Changing the Climate and What It Means for Life on Earth. In his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in personal emission to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping points, such as the melting(融化)of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica. “To stay below that point, we need to reduce CO2emission by 80 percent, ”he said. Good advice, I thought. Id opened our bedroom windows to let the wind in. Wed gotten so used to keeping our air-conditioning going around the clock. Id almost forgotten the windows even opened. We should not let this happen again. Its time for us to change our habits if necessary. 【语篇概述】文章作者通过讲述自己一家人切实有效地减少温室气体排放量的行动, 向我们证明了“节约能源从家庭做起, 从我做起”的重要性。6. Why did the author and his wife try a new diet? A. To take special kinds of food. B. To respond to climate change. C. To lose weight. D. To improve their health. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第二段“not to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change”可知, 作者和妻子这么做的目的是回答一个令人烦恼的气候变化问题。7. The underlined words “tipping points” most probably refer to“”. A. freezing pointsB. burning pointsC. melting pointsD. boiling points【解析】选C。词义猜测题。在他的书中, 他要读者大幅减少个人温室气体排放量, 以免世界来到“熔点”, 下面给出的例子“such as the melting of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica”, 可以判断出C项正确。8. According to the passage, Tim Flannery. A. made deep cuts in his personal emission of CO2B. wrote a book about the climate changesC. succeeded in reducing CO2emission by 80 percentD. was an author popular among readers【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句可知, Tim Flannery的书是有关the climate changes的, 故B项正确。9. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A. Saving Energy Starts at HomeB. Changing Our Habits Begins at WorkC. Changing Climate Sounds ReasonableD. Reducing Emission of CO2Proves Difficult【解析】选A。主旨大意题。文章作者通过讲述自己一家人切实有效地减少温室气体排放量的行动, 向我们证明了“节约能源从家庭做起, 从我做起”的正确性。. 阅读填句For many, running has never quite been their favorite activity. But running can certainly be a great way to get fit and stay healthy. Getting started is extremely difficult. 1. _ Running can be boring at times, but the effect on your body and mind is well worth that struggle of just getting up and running. 2. _ Every major city and many smaller cities have running communities(团体). They are quite organized and willing to help. They will help you see your running goals through. Start with short distances. Though the running community would love to have a new long-distance runner tomorrow, the fact is that it will not happen overnight. Try running one mile every day for the next 3 weeks. After that, add it to two miles and so on. 3. Take part in a race. By signing up for a race in the near future, you will focus on a goal and be motivated to keep practicing for that event. I suggest signing up for a5-kilometer race that will occur within one month. 4. 5. _ Motivation is a major factor(因素)in running success. Bring a friend along to push you through the times and motivate them in their own. A. Join a group. B. One step at a time. C. Bring a friend along. D. Most of you will have no problem finding a great race. E. Shorter distances are a step to longer and more successful runs. F. You will get the chance to see the seasons change and breathe in fresher air. G. There are so many activities people would rather be doing than running. 答案: 15. GAEDC在阅读理解A篇中找出下列单词和短语, 写出它们的意义1. dramaticadj. _2. defencen. _3. designvt. _4. addressvt. _5. disastrousadj. _6. installvt. _7. rely on_8. in turn_答案：1.急剧的 2.保护 3.设计 4.解决 5.灾难性的 6.安装7.依赖 8.反过来阅读理解Sandstorms(沙尘暴)happen suddenly and have effects on large areas. One example was a sandstorm on the Western Route. It moved quickly southward(向南)from May 4th to 6th, 1993, having effects on a total area of 1. 1 million sq km, from northern Xinjiang to the Hexi area of Gansu, western Inner Mongolia and most of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The wind speed reached 37. 9 m/s, and the visibility(可见度)was less than 50m. In Xinjiang, Gansu, Inner Mongolia and Ningxia, 85 persons died and 264 were injured; 4, 412 houses were damaged, and 120, 000 animals died or went missing. The direct economic losses(直接的经济损失)were about 550 million yuan, which further damaged the environment and economic development. Another example was the sandstorm which happened from April 16th to 18th, 1998. Blowing from west to east, it even reached th