vlantrunk配置解析.ppt

Chapter,1,第6章内容回顾,交换机的基本配置与查看主机名、密码、IP地址与网关VLAN划分VLAN的作用VLAN的种类静态VLAN的配置IOS的使用技巧?的使用Tab键的使用命令简写命令缓存,Chapter,2,VLANTrunk,第7章,Chapter,3,本章目标,能够配置VLANTrunk，实现跨交换机的VLAN通讯，并能排除一般的配置故障理解Trunk的概念和工作原理理解802.1q和ISL两种封装方式的工作原理,Chapter,4,本章结构,VLANTrunk,Trunk的协商,Trunk的概念和作用,封装方式,VLANTrunk的原理,VLANTrunk的配置,配置,排错,802.1q,ISL,Chapter,5,多个交换机上的VLAN应用,FastEthernet,工程VLAN市场VLAN会计VLAN,1楼,2楼,3楼,Chapter,6,交换机之间的VLAN通信31,VLAN1,VLAN2,VLAN3,VLAN1,VLAN2,VLAN3,如何实现交换机之间的VLAN通信？每个VLAN一条链路？,Chapter,7,交换机之间的VLAN通信32,VLAN1,VLAN2,VLAN3,VLAN1,VLAN2,VLAN3,如何实现交换机之间的VLAN通信？只使用一条链路，那么来自多个VLAN的数据如何标识？,Chapter,8,交换机之间的VLAN通信33,例如：三个分别来自1、2、3班级的学生，到另一个学校去，分别要参观1、2、3班的上课情况，对方的学校怎么识别他们分别应该去哪个班级？,Chapter,9,VLAN标识,交换机给每个去往其他交换机的数据帧打上VLAN标识,VLAN1,VLAN2,VLAN3,VLAN1,VLAN2,VLAN3,中继链路（Trunk）,接入链路（Access）,VLAN1标记,VLAN3标记,Chapter,10,VLAN标识的种类,以太网上实现中继可用两种封装类型ISL（Cisco私有协议）IEEE802.1Q,Chapter,11,IEEE802.1Q的工作原理和帧格式21,中继链路,接入链路,802.1Q标记4字节,Chapter,12,IEEE802.1Q的工作原理和帧格式22,标准以太网帧,TCI,12bit，可标识的VLANID为4096个,带有IEEE802.1Q标记的以太网帧,Chapter,13,CiscoISL工作原理和帧格式31,中继链路,VLAN2,接入链路,ISL头26字节,CRC4字节,Chapter,14,CiscoISL工作原理和帧格式32,26字节ISL头,4字节ISL尾,Chapter,15,CiscoISL工作原理和帧格式33,Chapter,16,ISL和802.1Q的异同,相同点都是显式标记，即帧被显式标记了VLAN的信息不同点IEEE802.1Q是公有的标记方式，ISL是Cisco私有的ISL采用外部标记的方法，802.1Q采用内部标记的方法ISL标记的长度为30字节，802.1Q标记的长度为4字节,Chapter,17,中继的几种模式和协商21,VLAN1,VLAN2,VLAN3,模式为Access,动态：可以成为Trunk,动态：希望成为Trunk,模式为Trunk,Chapter,18,中继的几种模式和协商22,模式,Chapter,19,阶段总结,什么是Trunk？什么是AccessLink？Trunk的封装方式802.1QISLTrunk的接口协商模式,Chapter,20,阶段练习,如果需要与其他厂家的交换机连接配置VLANTrunk,需要使用哪种标记方式？带有VLAN标记的数据帧，普通的主机能否正确读出？,Chapter,21,配置接口为Trunk模式,Switch(config)#interfaceinterface-idSwitch(config-if)#switchportmode?accessSettrunkingmodetoACCESSunconditionallydynamicSettrunkingmodetodynamicallynegotiateaccessortrunkmodetrunkSettrunkingmodetoTRUNKunconditionallySwitch(config-if)#switchportmodetrunk,接口为接入模式,接口为动态协商模式,接口为中继模式,Chapter,22,配置接口为动态协商模式,Switch(config-if)#switchportmodedynamic?autoSettrunkingmodedynamicnegotiationparametertoAUTOdesirableSettrunkingmodedynamicnegotiationparametertoDESIRABLE,自动,企望,Chapter,23,查看接口模式,Switch#showinterfaceinterface-idswitchportName:Fax/xSwitchport:EnabledAdministrativeMode:dynamicdesirableOperationalMode:downAdministrativeTrunkingEncapsulation:dot1qNegotiationofTrunking:OnAccessModeVLAN:1(default)TrunkingNativeModeVLAN:1(default)VoiceVLAN:noneAdministrativeprivate-vlanhost-association:noneAdministrativeprivate-vlanmapping:noneOperationalprivate-vlan:noneTrunkingVLANsEnabled:ALLPruningVLANsEnabled:2-1001CaptureModeDisabledCaptureVLANsAllowed:ALL,接口模式缺省为dynamicdesirable,封装类型为802.1q,Chapter,24,配置VLANTrunk实例,VLAN1,VLAN2,VLAN3,VLAN1,VLAN2,VLAN3,Port13,Port410,Port1123,Port24,Port24,SW1,Chapter,25,配置VLANTrunk41,第一步：在交换机上添加VLANSW1#vlandatabaseSW1(vlan)#vlan2VLAN2added:Name:VLAN0002SW1(vlan)#vlan3VLAN3added:Name:VLAN0003SW1(vlan)#exitAPPLYcompleted.Exiting.,Chapter,26,配置VLANTrunk42,第二步：将接口添加到相应的VLAN中SW1#configterminalSW1(config)#interfacerangef0/4-10SW1(config-if-range)#switchportaccessvlan2SW1(config)#interfacerangef0/11-23SW1(config-if-range)#switchportaccessvlan3,Chapter,27,配置VLANTrunk43,第三步：配置交换机之间互联的端口为TrunkSW1(config)#interfacef0/24SW1(config-if)#switchportmodetrunk,Chapter,28,配置VLANTrunk44,VLAN1,VLAN2,VLAN3,VLAN1,VLAN2,VLAN3,Port13,Port410,Port1123,Port24,Port24,Port1,Port210,Port11-23,SW2,请学员完成配置,Chapter,29,查看端口状态,SW1#showinterfacef0/24switchportName:Fa0/24Switchport:EnabledAdministrativeMode:trunkOperationalMode:trunkAdministrativeTrunkingEncapsulation:dot1qOperationalTrunkingEncapsulation:dot1qNegotiationofTrunking:OnAccessModeVLAN:1(default)TrunkingNativeModeVLAN:1(default)VoiceVLAN:noneAdministrativeprivate-vlanhost-association:noneAdministrativeprivate-vlanmapping:noneOperationalprivate-vlan:noneTrunkingVLANsEnabled:ALLPruningVLANsEnabled:2-1001CaptureModeDisabledCaptureVLANsAllowed:ALL,接口模式配置为Trunk,接口工作模式为Trunk,Trunk协议类型为802.1q,Trunk可以承载所有的VLAN,Chapter,30,配置结果,如果配置正确连接在SW1上的属于VLAN1主机能够ping通SW2上VLAN1的主机VLAN2与VLAN3同理,Chapter,31,从Trunk中添加、删除Vlan,去除VLANSwitch(config-if)#switchporttrunkallowedvlanremovevlan-list添加VLANSwitch(config-if)#switchporttrunkallowedvlanaddvlan-list检查中继端口允许VLAN的列表Switch#showinterfaceinterface-idswitchport,Chapter,32,从Trunk中删除Vlan配置实例,SW1(config-if)#switchporttrunkallowedvlanremove2SW1(config-if)#endSW1#showinterfacef0/24switchportName:Fa0/24Switchport:EnabledAdministrativeMode:trunkOperationalMode:trunkAdministrativeTrunkingEncapsulation:dot1qOperationalTrunkingEncapsulation:dot1qNegotiationofTrunking:OnAccessModeVLAN:1(default)TrunkingNativeModeVLAN:1(default)VoiceVLAN:noneAdministrativeprivate-vlanhost-association:noneAdministrativeprivate-vlanmapping:noneOperationalprivate-vlan:noneTrunkingVLANsEnabled:1,3-1005PruningVLANsEnabled:2-1001CaptureModeDisabled,VALN2已经被移除，此时，连接在SW1上的VLAN2的主机与连接在SW2上的VLAN2的主机之间不能通,VlanTrunk配置演示,Chapter,33,排除故障,排除故障的步骤了解故障情况分析故障可能的原因通过检测定位故障分段检测分层检测不断缩小故障范围排除故障,Chapter,34,检查点,查看交换机的指示灯状态线缆的问题？接口的问题？查看trunk接口的模式是否为trunk配置问题？协商问题？查看Trunk端口可以承载的VLAN是否包含了所有需要转发的VLAN查看VLANID是否正确查看各接口是否属于应该在的VLAN.,Chapter,35,使用show命令检查配置,查看端口状态SW1#showinterfaceinterface-idswitchport查看VLAN信息SW1#showvlanbrief查看配置SW1#showrun,Chapter,36,本章总结,VLANTrunk,Trunk的协商,Trunk的概念和作用,封装方式,VLANTrunk的原理,VLANTrunk的配置,配置,排错,802.1q,ISL,能够传输多个VLAN的数据，并对数据做VLAN标记,公有协议，共4字节,Cisco私有协议，共30个字节,DTP协议，Cisco私有；端口之间协商是否为Trunk模式,Sw(config-if)#switchportmodetrunkSw#showinterfaceinterfac